Probe into the origin of qu surname
Qu (q? ) Surnames come from three sources:
1, with the name as the surname. There was a doctor official in Shang Dynasty, who was named Qufu because he was sealed in Qufu (now Dongqu Shopping Mall in Shuangliu County, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province). His descendants then took the names of their ancestors as surnames, forming the surname Qu.
2. Take the place name as the surname. According to the "Map of Xuanhe and Bo Gu", there is Qufu Ding among the bronzes in Shang Dynasty. Qu Fu takes the name of fief as Qu.
3. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Shangqu, a disciple of Confucius, was named after this place, and Zimu followed Confucius to learn the Book of Changes. Shangqu is from Shandong. Born in Shuangliu County, Sichuan Province, Juqu was named Shangqu. His former residence is called Shangquli. Later, people living here took Shang surname and Qu surname by place names.
The ancestor of Qu surname: Qu Fuding. According to the records in the research of surnames, among the bronzes left over from Shang Dynasty, there is a Qufu Ding, which can be found in the map of Bo Gu. Qu Fu is the ancestor of Qu surname, and all Qu surnames take place names as surnames. In addition, according to Tongzhi? According to the genealogy, Qu is a descendant of Qu Zhuang, a sea king Yue who joined the army, and a native of Bohai. Another Wang Heshang Confucian said that the son of Pei Tao in Hedong married the daughter of Cangwu Qubao. ? In addition, according to the Customs Tongzhi, there were Qu Mao, the magistrate of Yuzhou in Han Dynasty, Qu Yan, the general of Zhenbei in Liang Dynasty, and Qu Zhen, the secretariat of Jiangzhou in Tang Dynasty. All aristocratic families come from Gaoping and Songyang. Pingjiang prefecture and Wenzhou Pingyang also suffered setbacks. Noble families live in Songyang County, which is now in the west of Songyang County, Zhejiang Province. Qu's descendants respected Qu's father Ding as the ancestor of Qu.
The Migration and Distribution of Qu Family
Qu's family didn't make it into the top 100 in Taiwan Province province. In Shang Dynasty, there was a doctor named Qu Fu. His descendants took Qu as their surname and passed it on from generation to generation, which is the earliest origin of Qu's surname today. In ancient times, there was a place called Qu. In Shang Dynasty, a nobleman was made king, and Qu State was established. The descendants of Qu Gong took the fief as their surname, called Qu, and formed another Qu. That place is in Qu, in Shuangliu County near Chengdu, Sichuan Province, which is called Shangqu Li, because a disciple of Confucius once lived there in the Spring and Autumn Period. Qu, a newcomer to Shanghai, joined the army according to historical records. At the end of Song Jingkang's reign, he succumbed to Kang Wang's crossing the river, moved to Shanghai from the capital of song dynasty, and settled in Hesha (now Nanhui Xiasha). This is the backbone of Zhai family in Pudong and Qu family in Shanghai. Later, Fengxian Fenshuidun, Songjiang City and Songjiang tianmashan were laid out. Also in the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, another Qu family moved from Yanling (now Tongxiang, Zhejiang) to Longhua and became sworn friends with Zhang, Shen and Zhao. Tomb of four surnames? Leave it as a monument at sea. Later, they moved in. Without a perfect room, Qu Xin fled from Kunshan to qinglong river. At the same time, Qu Zhi, who was appointed as a teacher in Qinglong Town, stayed and settled down. During Jiading period of Southern Song Dynasty, Qu was appointed as the salt supervisor of Xiasha Salt Field, and his successors successively presided over the salt administration in Shanghai and western Zhejiang 150 years. Among them, Xiasha Salt Field directly managed by Qu family is the most successful. The best in Zhejiang? See the salt-making technology summarized in the Boiling Wave Diagram, the punishment set, the return of the stove base, the assembly and installation, and a series of rectification and transformation projects, all of which are done by Qu. The league hall is strict and the legislation is harmless? . So that the sand in the saltworks can come down? Merchants gather salt, will Chengdu meet? , a new field? Attic restaurant, prosperous family festival, although the county is not too wrong? . Due to the prosperity of Xinchang, there was a proposal to establish a county in the middle of Ming Dynasty, but it failed because of the opposition of Tang Qiao, a Haozu in Chuansha. At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, Qu Tingfa also led the Shanghai shipping administration. Cooking salt, shipping and cotton textile were the three economic pillars of ancient Shanghai, and salt industry was particularly developed in Song and Yuan Dynasties. The Qu family was in charge of the salt industry, amassed a lot of wealth and became the first family in Songjiang Prefecture. Zhaijia covers an area of 7,300 hectares, and has the largest garden music home in Jiangnan at that time. The park covers an area of 2 hectares, and only 100 pieces of precious guqin are collected in the Qin Xuan in the park. Baiketang is full of silk and bamboo all day long. In the 12th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1380), Zhu Yuanzhang's family wiped out Songjiang's family, and Qu ranked first. The imperial edict expressly stipulates that only the eldest son should be kept? In order to save peaches, the rest were copied? , Xiasha Qushi? Hundreds of families? ,? Ruined? . According to records, the other two servants each took a child to escape, and one of them passed on the pulse of the Gao Qiaojie gang. As a result, the surname Qu was robbed and the number of personnel was greatly reduced. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Qu's family revived. During the Wanli period, Wu Jinshi was appointed as the Shanghai garrison commander at 12, with the same surname as Li, Zhou and Cao. Qu, son of Qian Ting, county magistrate in the late Ming Dynasty, resisted the sacrifice of Qing Dynasty. (omitted)
Qu's historical celebrities
Qu You: The word Zongji (1334? 1427),No. Cunzhai, born in Qiantang (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang), was a famous writer in the early Ming Dynasty. When he was young, he had the title of a poem. His poems are brilliant and soft, but he has never been talented. During the Hongwu period, only small officials such as Oracle Bone Inscriptions, discipline and long history were taught. During the Yongle period, he was exiled for ten years for writing poems. He is the author of more than 20 kinds of works, such as Xiang Tai Ji, Shi Shi, Village Legacy, and collections of novels, such as Cutting Lights and Stories Newly Edited.
Qu Jun: A native of Changshu, Suzhou, in the Ming Dynasty, used Chinese characters for the world and learned ancient names. Chenghua worked as a scholar for five years and moved from Shi Yu to Guangdong as an assistant minister. Be honest and clean, and don't abuse power for personal gain. Return to the official if you are sick, and don't take Lingnan. In terms of calligraphy and painting, Zhu Lan is skinny, and calligraphy is the second king. Good is poetry. Being neighbors with fishermen, eating and drinking, painting and giving people away all the time, have the right to ask rich people in Beijing for gold and silk. Sixty eight. There are Liu Yutang Collection and Xuegu Zhai Collection.
Qu Yong: A native of Changshu, Jiangsu Province in the Qing Dynasty, with the word Yong. Qu Ji Shao. Gong Sheng at the age of 18. Qu family is famous for its collection of books, which is very rich. What is Yang Yi Zenghaiyuan Pavilion? Nanqu Beiyang? Known as. Adhering to his father's footsteps, he is determined to collect books and is not moved by fame and fortune. Legend has it that Emperor Guangxu wanted to get one of his peerless secret books, and gave him three kinds of Beijing officials and three hundred and two thousand pieces of silver, but he refused to accept the imperial edict. There are Bibliography of Qintie Bronze Sword Hall, Continued Poem Garden in Wen Yuan, Selected Works of Continued Scholars, Collection of Ancient Printed Music and Ci Draft of Qintie Bronze Sword Hall.
Qu: Neo-Confucianism in the Ming Dynasty, whose name was Rui Fu, was from Huangmei. Father Sheng, Jiajing thirty-two years Jinshi. Li Guan Guangping Magistrate. Dig a long canal for 300 miles, divert water for four gates, and get hundreds of thousands of mu of land. Died in office. At the age of ten, Jiu Si worked for Luo Hongxian with his father Ji 'an. Article 15 is "determinism". Later, I came all the way from the same county to learn from it. After having obtained the provincial examination in the first year of Wanli. In the second year of the Republic of China, Zhang was a county magistrate, which violated the harsh faction and the people gathered to fight. Han Wei took Jiu Si to create chaos. According to this suggestion, the tour route was dramatically changed to-Korea. Zhang, the minister of the official department, was forced to leave his job because he made suggestions without problems. 13-year-old Zi Jiawei wrote thousands of words and turned over the calendar to appeal to his father. Jadihan also knelt down and asked for forgiveness. Tu Long wrote a book about Qu Sheng, which was widely reported at home and abroad. Feng was also involved in Chu, while Zhang was released from Chu. Thirty-seven years, in order to caress the recommendation, awarded the Hanlin and other letters, refused. A letter was issued to the department to give meters sixty stones at the end of the year. He wrote "Music Movement" and "Wanli Martial Arts Record" and gave them to Han yique. At the age of 71. Jiu Si is knowledgeable, but his articles are vulgar and boring. However, few people are loyal to the past. A, the word interpretation, 19 years old was raised in the countryside and died young. Han, there is handwriting. He can write at the age of seven. The white father was wronged and walked back and forth, not avoiding the cold. The world called it double filial piety. Chongzhen is well known in Biju.
Qu Jingchun: an official in the Ming Dynasty. Zishi Road (1507- 1569), posthumous title. Changshu Wu Qu people. In the 23rd year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1544), it was edited by the Hanlin Academy. Honest and clean, not afraid of powerful people. Zeng Feng went to Fengyang to seal Prince Zheng Zhuzhai? Handle state affairs for the prince and refuse to accept heavy gifts. When the Japanese invaded Jiangnan and returned to Beijing, Yan Song revealed that Governor Hu Zongxian was unable to defend the enemy with heavy troops. Li Guan Taichang Temple, Nanjing imperial academy, right official assistant minister. In the first year of Qin Long (1567), he was called Zuo Assistant Minister of the Ministry of Rites, with a bachelor's degree in the Imperial Academy. He is the general school of Yongle Grand Ceremony, has compiled Records of Jiajing, and has written Questioning of Shi Jing, which is highly praised by later generations. After returning from illness, he was given the history of the Ministry of Rites.
Qu said: Qu Jingchun's second son was an official who went to Huguang to give lectures during the Wanli period. He was famous for his incorruptibility and wrote 100 volumes of "A Brief Introduction to Imperial Officials", and his academic achievements were also very high.
Qu Shizhen: Bachelor of Wenyuange in Nanming, an anti-Qing scholar. The word Boluo (1590- 1650) is called Jiaxuan. Qu Jingchun's grandson. Changshu Wu Qu people. In the forty-four years of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (16 16), he was awarded the order of Yongfeng County in Jiangxi Province, with outstanding achievements. At the beginning of Chongzhen, Huo Hubu was given a post, and later he was framed in prison and stayed at home. Qing soldiers entered the customs, and in the first year of Hong Guang in Nanming (1645), they became the governor of Guangxi, determined to fight against Qing. In the second year of Longwu (1646), the Ghost King was established in Zhaoqing, with the title of Li Yong, a scholar of Jinwen Ge Yuan and a history of the Ministry of War. Invited to stay in Guilin, he repelled the Qing army's attacks many times and recovered a large area of lost land in Huguang. In the fourth year of Li Yong, the Qing army laid siege to Guilin. After the city was breached, it was captured by Governor Zhang Tongchang. He was unyielding, refused to surrender several times, and even compared himself to his composition, giving up his job to Yin. In the same year 1 1 month, he died peacefully in Xianheyan, Dongshan, Linfeng, Guilin. In five years, he was posthumously awarded the title of Duke of Guangdong, Shi Wenzhong. Qing Qianlong forty-one years (1776), chasing loyalty and propaganda. He is the author of Qu Gong Poems.
Qu Hongji: A native of Huashan, Hunan Province in the Qing Dynasty, whose real name was Zi Jiu (1850- 19 18), was Zhi 'an, the old man in Xiyan. Ten years of Tongzhi Jinshi, awarded editorial review. During Guangxu period, he moved to a bachelor's degree in cabinet, studied politics in Fujian and Guangxi after having obtained the rural examination, and studied politics in Henan, Zhejiang and Sichuan. In the twenty-sixth year of Guangxu, he was transferred as assistant minister of does, followed Empress Dowager Cixi to avoid Eight-Nation Alliance's Western Expedition, and became the minister of the Ministry of Industry, minister of military aircraft and minister of internal affairs. It is suggested that Xi 'an be the capital. He was appointed Minister of Temple Affairs and Minister Plenipotentiary for Sino-Japanese Negotiations. Participate again? New Deal? And prepare for the constitutional planning. Awarded to the co-host university to care for the Western Empress Dowager. Living in Shanghai after Xinhai.
Qu Zhongrong, a seal engraver in Qing Dynasty. Zi Tao Jing (1769- 1842),No. Mufu. On the day of birth, it was born again. Night wood lies down. Jiading County, Jiangsu Province (now Jiading District, Shanghai). Tongli was the son-in-law of Qian Daxin, the magistrate of Qing Dynasty. In the 19th year of Jiaqing (18 14), he was a scholar and chief secretary of Hunan. Profound knowledge. Especially the study of epigraphy, extensive search, rich collection, calligraphy and painting. Good seal cutting. Its seal cutting belongs to the Han people, and it has won the charm of Zhejiang School. Its layout is still stable and its knife work is rough. I am diligent in writing because of my life. Therefore, seal cutting and calligraphy and painting works are rare. But he said to himself: Bai Wen is inferior to Chen Hongshou, but Zhu Wen has surpassed it. ? I have written a lot in my life. He is the author of Hunan Jinshi Zhi, Wu Jun Jinshi Zhi, Han Bian, Ancient Official Seal Collection, Three-body Ancient Classics Discrimination, Yizhaitang Ancient Jade Catalogue, Ancient Tiger Emblem Fish Emblem Collection, Research on the Portrait of Infinite Temple, Textual Research on Geographical Names, Different Warp Warping in the Spring and Autumn Period, Hanshijing and so on.
Qu: Zixie (1778- 1849), nickname, also known as Yuehu, from Shanghai. During the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, he was a tribute student with excellent poetry and prose, good at seal cutting and painting, and studied under Yunnan Tian. He has collected a lot of antiques in his life, and the furnishings in his house are all as easy as those of Mo Bao, a famous man in ancient and modern times. He made many pots in his life and copied many works of Chen Man. He hired many potters to make various pot molds with Yixing clay, and painted bamboo poems on the pot himself, which was sealed by his good friend Deng Jiafeng. In his later years, he created a moon pot called? Curved pot? The method of making pots has not been passed down from generation to generation. There are two kinds of curved lakes: coarse sand; Painting bamboo with fine sand, a few strokes are even more quaint. After the opening of Shanghai, the Japanese searched for the bending pot and brought it to Japan. A jar can sell for dozens of silver dollars. During the Xianfeng period, the Shanghai Knife Society revolted, and Qu's collection of calligraphy and painting antiques was lost in the war. Only the poems and paintings on the moon pot survived.
Qu: The word is thick and cultured. It is also called Tang Yin. When I was young. In China, I have taught for famous scholars in the city, and I am knowledgeable. He was awarded a tribute, and once served as the school supervisor in Yanghu County (now Wujin County). He won this honor and made outstanding achievements. However, he was not happy and soon went home to wait on his mother. He lives a frugal life and is only willing to buy books generously. He has accumulated a wide range of good books and spared no effort. He reviewed more than ten thousand books, and his books were full. In ten years, the collection of books has reached as many as 100 thousand volumes.
Qu: Baojing, Hunan, Yongshun. The real name is Zuo Yi Fangsi (1884- 1947), also known as Sun Lou. He graduated from Zhangjiang College in Taoyuan in his early years. 1900 joined the self-reliance association, and then joined the Huaxing Association. 1906 studied in Japan, joined Meiji University in Tokyo, and joined the league to take charge of People's Daily affairs. 65438-0907 teaches in Jilin Law School. Later, he joined Nanshe. He used to be the editor and counselor of the Legal Affairs Bureau of Nanjing Provisional Government, and participated in drafting the Provisional Constitution of the Republic of China. After the failure of the second revolution, he presided over the Tianjin People's Daily to publicize against Yuan. Later, he served as a professor in Peking University and Hunan University. Author of China literature history.
Qu Qiubai: Born in Wujin County, Jiangsu Province, 19 19, in Beijing? Five? Four? During the movement, he was promoted to special representative of Russia. 1In June, 920, he was employed as a reporter of Beijing Morning Post and went to Russia. After that, he wrote many newsletters and became the first intellectual in China to introduce this socialist country. 1922 In February, Qu Qiubai joined China and returned home at the end of the year. After returning to China, he edited "New Youth" and "Forward" in Shanghai, and served as the dean of Shanghai University and the head of the Department of Sociology. After the failure of the Great Revolution, Qu Qiubai presided over the meeting in Hankou? Eight or seven? Meeting, 1930 September, hosted the third plenary session of the 6th Central Committee of communist party, China. 193 1 1 was removed from the Politburo at the Fourth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. Later, he led the left-wing cultural movement with Lu Xun in Shanghai. 1934 1 arrived in Jiangxi central revolutionary base area and served as the education Commissioner of the central workers' and peasants' democratic government. After the Long March, the Red Army stayed in the base area. 1February, 935, was captured during the transfer;1June, 8, was taken to the rural execution ground in Changting, Fujian. Qu Qiubai looked around the landscape and stopped to say? This place is nice? . Suiping sat quietly and died peacefully. His works include Selected Works of Qu Qiubai and Selected Works of Qu Qiubai.
The bibliophile Qu. The word Liang Shi (1873- 1940). The fourth generation owner of Qintie Copper Sword Building, one of the four major libraries in China in Qing Dynasty. Guri people in Changshu. He is good at literature and calligraphy, and pays special attention to the maintenance of suicide notes. In the year of Xuantongyuan (1909), the Governor of Liangjiang sent a letter to his family, promising an official position, and was unmoved. 1924, warlords scuffled. In order to avoid military disaster, all rare books were secretly transported to Shanghai for hiding. Advocate cultural circulation and be willing to help people who want to study. Support the Commercial Press with books and print four series. He also founded Changshu County Library, donated rural literature and served as the first curator. Bibliography, Shuying, Inscription and Postscript, Anthology and many other anthologies of Qu have been edited and published. He was a member of Parliament in the early years of the Republic of China and resolutely refused to accept bribes from Cao Kun. 1950, his sons Ji Cang, Feng Qi donated all the rare books to the country according to his father's wishes.
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