Every parent wants their children to grow up healthily, but they often see some parents worried about their children's grades. These children are manifested as: too much activity, inattention and graffiti; Other children are willful, unsociable and lack self-restraint. Or childish, eccentric, limb twitching, or aimless, playful, truant, fighting, even lying, stealing, etc. Education is of no help. A few cases still have personality and behavior defects after adulthood. This is ADHD.
ADHD is characterized by:
(1) Attention deficit disorder: Attention deficit disorder is one of the most important manifestations of this disease. Children's active attention decreases and their passive attention increases, which is manifested as inattention, inability to concentrate in class, and easy to be distracted by environmental interference. Note the frequent transfer of objects from one activity to another. When you do your homework, you don't concentrate, you play and you are sloppy. Work from beginning to end, often give up halfway or change frequently. Procrastination in homework, continuous interruption due to drinking water, eating, urinating and other reasons. , significantly extended the time to do homework. Some children stare at a place, absent-minded, staring at the teacher, but don't know what's on their minds. Teachers often don't know the content of questions when they ask them. Attention deficit disorder is a necessary symptom of this disease.
(2) ADHD: ADHD is another common symptom. It is manifested as an obvious increase in activity, excessive fidgeting, running back and forth or making small moves, unable to sit still in class, often twisting in the seat, or standing, and even leaving the seat for walking, or leaving the classroom without authorization. Talking too much, making noise, interrupting, causing trouble, affecting classroom discipline and attracting others' attention. I like watching and playing dangerous games, and I often lose things. There are two kinds of ADHD: one is persistent ADHD. Children's hyperactivity behavior is very common in schools, homes and other occasions, and it is often very serious. Second, the situation is high. Hyperactivity behavior only appears in some occasions (mostly at school), but not in other occasions (at home), and various functions are slightly damaged.
(3) Impulsive willfulness: emotional instability, irritability, willfulness and poor self-control. Easily excited by external stimuli, easily frustrated. Behavior does not consider the consequences, dangerous or destructive behavior occurs, and no lessons are learned afterwards.
(4) Learning difficulties: mainly manifested in low academic performance. The intelligence of ADHD children is normal or basically normal, and the test of whether children with learning difficulties have ADHD is related to inattention and hyperactivity. The time of learning difficulties depends on the level of intelligence and the severity of ADHD. Children with severe ADHD and low intelligence level will have learning difficulties in early school age. People with high intelligence and mild ADHD symptoms may have learning difficulties in junior high school.
(5) Nervous system development disorder: About half of the children can see signs of nervous system weakness, which is characterized by clumsy rapid rotation, uncoordinated economic activities, inability to walk in a straight line, difficulty in closing eyes, positive finger nose test, inflexible fine movements, and some children may have visual-motor disorder and spatial position perception disorder.
Etiology and pathogenesis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
1, slight brain tissue damage, due to the lack of neurotransmitters in the brain, resulting in imbalance of neurotransmitter transmission information. For example, taking medicine for virus infection during pregnancy, perinatal hypoxia, the influence of maternal pregnancy, neonatal asphyxia, birth injury, brain hypoxia, brain injury, caesarean section, premature delivery, overdue delivery, forceps delivery, postpartum infection and trauma.
2. Genetic factors play a role in unfavorable factors. Molecular genetics research suggests that ADHD has a certain correlation with dopamine receptors. The frontal lobe and basal ganglia play an important role in regulating motor activities. The dysfunction of these areas in the brain will reduce their inhibitory function, which will lead to ADHD.
3. Abnormal metabolism of neurotransmitters in brain.
4, vitamin deficiency, food allergies, sugar metabolism disorders.
5, psychological factors: because the child's psychological development is immature, such as during this period, family relations are not harmonious, often beaten or abused or improperly punished and discriminated at school. It will cause children to suffer from major mental trauma, leading to behavioral abnormalities such as convulsions or hyperactivity; Improper discipline, excessive doting and obedience will make children become very headstrong and arrogant, unwilling or unable to control themselves; Being too harsh and rude to children will cause long-term excessive psychological stress, emotional depression and abnormal behavior. Parents are eager for their children's success, and their children's early mental development is excessive, which makes the pressure of the external environment far exceed their tolerance, which is also one of the reasons for ADHD.
6, lack of trace elements, environmental pollution or poisoning
7. Allergic reaction to food (especially additives, artificial colors, condiments and preservatives contained in food)
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