The International Red Cross is one of the largest and most famous international medical charities in the world. Its original name was "International Committee for the Rescue of the Wounded", which was later changed to "International Committee of the Red Cross" in 1880. 1864 On August 22nd, the first Geneva Convention to improve the situation of the wounded in the field army was signed in Geneva, which largely fixed the resolution of the 1863 international conference in the form of an international convention. The International Red Cross is a worldwide organization with headquarters in Geneva and 139 member countries. The International Conference of the Red Cross is the highest deliberative body, and its members include representatives of national red cross societies, the International Committee of the Red Cross, the Red Cross and the governments of the States parties to the Geneva Conventions. Congress is usually held every four years. The executive body during the recess of the conference is the Standing Committee of the International Red Cross, which consists of seven people. Generally, the meeting is held twice a year.

The purpose of the International Red Cross is to help all the wounded in wartime, whether allies or enemies; Disaster prevention and relief for refugees in peacetime includes first aid, accident prevention, water rescue, training of nurse assistants and midwives, and the establishment of women and children welfare centers, medical stations, blood banks and other service facilities. Henry Dinan, the earliest founder of the Red Cross, 1828 was born in Geneva, and 10 died in Hayden, Switzerland on October 30th at the age of 82.

When he was young, Dinan expressed deep sympathy for the old, the weak and the sick at the bottom of society and advocated the abolition of slavery. 1859, he came to Sol Frenolte, which happened to be the last stage of the Italian-French war against Austria under the direct command of Charles Louis Napolé on Bonaparte. There, he saw the horrible sight of dead bodies everywhere. Some dying wounded people struggled, pulling his trouser legs and screaming, "water!" Give me water quickly! " This tragic scene made Dinan immediately devote himself to the rescue of the wounded.

From 65438 to 0862, Dinan wrote a book based on this experience: Memories of Saul Frinault. In the book, he vividly described the tragic scene of the wounded dying because of lack of medical care and medicine, and put forward his own ideas: making laws to ensure a humanitarian attitude towards prisoners of war; Establish a permanent organization of volunteer rescuers in all countries of the world to help the wounded regardless of race, nationality, religious belief and political belief. Dinan's works and initiatives immediately aroused strong repercussions and were translated into various languages and spread throughout Europe. Princes and heads of state of some countries, even Charles Louis Napolé on Bonaparte, who personally experienced the Battle of Saul Frinault, expressed their support.

1863 At the beginning of the year, Geneva Public Welfare Society studied Dinan's initiative and decided to set up a five-member committee including Dinan. Subsequently, Dinan went to 14 to publicize his ideas, which eventually led to the historic meeting held in the same year 10. 36 people from 15 countries attended the meeting, at which they proposed to set up a non-governmental ambulance team. In order to show respect for Dinan himself and commend the host country Switzerland for its contribution to the meeting, the delegates unanimously agreed to use the Swiss flag as a symbol, but the color was changed to a red cross in the middle of the opposite white background and named it "International Red Cross". The following year, initiated by the Swiss government, a diplomatic conference attended by 16 representatives of various governments was held in Geneva, and the Convention for Improving the Situation of the Wounded in the Battlefield was signed. Since then, countries have set up wounded rescue organizations. Today, the Red Cross movement has been carried out in more than 70 countries around the world, and the Red Cross has become one of the three major organizations in the world.

Dinan devoted everything to the cause of rescue. He exhausted his wealth and his business went bankrupt on 1867. Later, he lived in a slum in Paris and slept on a bench in a railway station because he couldn't afford the rent. At the age of 62, he founded a workhouse for the elderly in Hayden, Switzerland. The founder of the International Red Cross 190 1 won the first Nobel Peace Prize.