There were traces of human beings in Australia 50,000 years ago, and now the ancestors of Australian aborigines migrated from Southeast Asia at that time. [2] After17th century, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch and French in Europe arrived one after another in search of spices. 1768, Captain Cook of England sailed from England to Tahiti on the Endeavour. 1770, Britain officially declared its sovereignty over Australia. 1788 65438+1On October 26th, the British navigator arthur phillip led the first group of immigrants to settle in Sydney and raised the British flag. Australia officially became a British colony. 1797, McCarthy introduced merino sheep from the Cape of Good Hope, and Australian animal husbandry began to develop rapidly. 1829 Britain was merged into Western Australia as a exile. For a long time, Australia was a British exile. 185 1 year, gold mines were discovered in Bethesda, New South Wales and Balalle, Victoria, and free migration began to surge. 1868, the last British prisoners were sent to Western Australia. /kloc-At the end of 0/9, there were 6 British colonies in Australia. 19011110, Australia's colonial areas were reorganized into states, formed the Commonwealth of Australia, became the Commonwealth or dominion of the British Empire, and were listed as constitutional monarchy countries. According to its federal law, the British monarch is the head of state, that is, the "Australian monarch". From 19 14 to 19 18, Australia participated in World War I, and its main battlefield was in the European continent, so it was also one of the victors. 1927, the first Australian federal conference was held in the temporary parliament building in Canberra, and Australia moved towards political independence. 193 1 year, Australia gained independence in domestic and foreign affairs and became an independent country of the Commonwealth. 1933, western Australia voted for independence from Britain, but the federal parliament rejected it. From 65438 to 0956, Australia hosted the first Melbourne Olympic Games, which was also the first time that a Commonwealth country hosted the Olympic Games outside Britain. 1967, parliament abolished the legal discrimination against aborigines by referendum, which was the first change after whites moved to Australia. From 65438 to 0986, King Elizabeth II of England went to Australia to sign the Australia Relations Act, which stipulated that the Supreme Court of Australia had the power of final adjudication, and British laws were no longer valid for Australia. Australia officially broke away from Britain and became an independent country. 1999, Australia held a referendum to decide whether to replace the existing constitutional monarchy with a republic and directly elect the president as the head of state, but it was rejected. From June 5438 to February 2007, Kevin Rudd, the leader of the Labor Party, came to power and announced that a similar referendum would be held to change the current system and directly elect the president. . In March 2008, witnessed by many aboriginal representatives, members of Congress and social leaders, Kevin Rudd made three apologies to the aborigines in the Federal Parliament, and solemnly apologized to the aborigines on behalf of the government for being a "stolen generation" and for policies that damaged the aboriginal culture.