The first part is the period of Lenin and Stalin

Chapter I Russia before the October Revolution

Section 1 Russian historical and cultural traditions and their characteristics

First, Russia is a multi-ethnic Eurasian country.

Second, the characteristics of Russian historical and cultural traditions

Third, the ideological tradition of Russian populism

Section 2 Social and Economic Development of Russia

First, the development of Russian capitalism is extremely unbalanced.

Second, the bourgeoisie and feudal forces are inextricably linked.

Third, foreign capital plays an important role in Russian economy.

Fourth, monopoly capitalism has accelerated its development.

Fifth, the overall level of economic development is backward.

6. The concentration of the working class is revolutionary.

The establishment of Bolshevik Party and its struggle with other political factions

First, the rise of the workers' movement and the spread of Marxism, plekhanov's criticism of populism.

Second, the establishment of Russian Social Democratic Labor Party and the emergence of Bolshevism, Lenin's struggle against liberal populism, economics and orthodox Marxism.

Third, Bolshevik's struggle against Menshevik and the strategy of isolating the free bourgeoisie.

Fourth, the Bolsheviks' struggle against the abolition faction and the recall faction.

Section 4 The First World War and the February Revolution

1. Tsarist Russia is the intersection of various contradictions of imperialism.

Second, the first world war and revolution initiated by Russia.

The victory of the March and February revolutions

Fourth, the two systems coexist.

Chapter II The Inevitable Choice of the Russian People-Taking the Road Opened by the October Revolution

Section 1 From February Revolution to October Uprising

I. Transition from Democratic Revolution to Socialist Revolution

Second, the political crisis of the interim government.

Third, the failure of military dictatorship-the quelling of the rebellion in Kornilov.

Fourth, the October armed uprising.

The great victory of the October Revolution in this country.

First, the victory of the armed uprising in Moscow

Second, the victory of Soviet regime in the whole country and the beginning of socialist construction.

Third, the attempt of multi-party cooperation and the dissolution of the Constitutional Assembly.

Fourth, quit the imperialist war.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) victory in the civil war

Section 3 Soviet state system was born in the fire of revolution and war

I the birth of the Soviet regime

Second, the Soviet Union is a new state system.

Third, the nature, function and structure of the Soviet state.

Section IV Reasons for the Victory of the October Revolution and Its World Historical Significance

First, the reasons for the victory of the October Revolution.

Second, the historical significance of the October Revolution

Chapter III Great Exploration and Practice of Lenin and Bolshevik Party

The first part is from the "indirect transition" envisaged in the early days of the revolution to "wartime capitalism"

First, the initial intention of founding the country

Second, the origin of "wartime capitalism"

Third, implement "wartime capitalism"

Section 2 New Economic Policy

I the origin of the new economic policy

Second, the implementation of the new economic policy.

Third, the significance of the new economic policy

The establishment of the Soviet Union in the third quarter

First, the ethnic problems left over by tsarist Russia.

Second, after the October Revolution, the establishment of the National Republic and its relationship.

Third, the establishment of the Soviet Union.

Fourth, the promulgation of the Soviet Constitution.

The fourth part is Lenin's thoughts in his later years and his exploration of the party and state system.

First, Lenin's theoretical exploration in his later years.

Second, Lenin's exploration of the party and state system in his later years and his differences with Stalin.

Chapter IV Inner-Party Reform and State Transformation

Section 1 Changes in the Political Structure of the Party and the State after Lenin's Death

I. Changes in the structure of party member's ranks and cadres

Second, the changes in the power structure of the party and the state.

Third, the formation of inner-party bureaucracy and the shrinking of inner-party democracy.

Section 2 Anti-"Right Deviation" Struggle

First, the origin of the struggle against "Right Deviation"

Second, the political debate between Bukharin and Stalin.

Third, the failure of Bukharin's "right" minority.

Section 3 "Great Changes"

First, the overall "great transformation" of the country.

Second, the nature and root of "great change"

Third, the ideological and cultural model formed by the Soviet Union in the ideological "great change" and its characteristics

Chapter V Industrialization, Agricultural Collectivization and Establishment of Socialist Economic System

The second section-the "all-round crisis" in the capitalist world in 1930s, the international environment and the Soviet foreign policy.

First, the worldwide capitalist economic crisis.

Second, the Soviet Union's economic situation and foreign economic relations

Adjustment of Soviet Foreign Policy in 1930s

Section 2 Industrialization Movement and Establishment of Highly Centralized Planned Economic System

First, suggestions for industrialization.

Second, the exploration and debate of development model.

Three. Industrialization plan and its implementation

Fourth, the establishment of the Soviet economic system.

Section III Agricultural Collectivization

First, the origin of agricultural collectivization

Second, the establishment of collective farm system.

Third, the collective farm system and its evaluation

Chapter VI Political System Established during Stalin's Period

Section 1 1936 Constitution and Concentration of Party and State Power

I. Political background of drafting the new constitution

Second, the main contents and characteristics of the new constitution

The final establishment of the political system in Stalin's period

First, the transfer and concentration of state administrative power to the party.

Second, the transfer and concentration of state administrative power from participating countries to the central alliance.

Thirdly, the decision-making mechanism of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee in 1930s.

The third quarter "cleaning" campaign

First, the basic reasons for the "clean-up" movement

Second, the direct cause of the "big cleaning"

In the fourth section, the publication of A Concise Course on the History of the Communist Party of China (Bolshevik) established the exclusive position of Stalin Thought.

First, the ideological model calibrated by the Central Committee of the Bolshevik League-the publication of A Concise Course on the Party History of the Bolshevik League.

Second, Stalin's theory about the state.

Chapter VII War Test and Post-war Recovery

Section 1 International relations before the outbreak of World War II and the national defense situation of the Soviet Union

First, the international situation before the war broke out and the change of Soviet foreign policy.

Second, the signing of the Soviet-German non-aggression treaty.

Third, the implementation of the secret agreement between the Soviet Union and Germany.

Fourth, the relationship between the Soviet Union and Germany deteriorated.

Verb (verb's abbreviation) The state of national defense before the war.

The Soviet Union in the War in the Second Section

First, the outbreak of war.

Second, wartime mobilization and the transformation of wartime system.

Section 3 Post-war Social and Economic Recovery

First, the destruction of the war and the post-war economic recovery.

Second, the imbalance of national economic recovery.

Third, the stagnation and decline of agriculture.

The fourth section: the strengthening of Stalin's personal power system and the revival of post-war ideological and political movement

First, the development of Stalin's personality cult and the strengthening of personal power system after the war.

Second, the resurgence of ideological criticism and political cleansing.

The development of post-war world socialism and the formation of the "cold war" situation

The second part Khrushchev Brezhnev

Chapter VIII From Stalin's Death to the Twentieth Congress of the Soviet Union

The first section clear beria.

First, the death of the leader.

Second, clear beria.

Section II malenkov's Domestic and Foreign Policies and the Rise of Khrushchev

I. malenkov's domestic and foreign policies

2. September Plenary Session of the Central Committee of the Soviet Union 1953

Third, the rise of Khrushchev.

Chapter IX Twentieth and 22nd Congresses of the Soviet Union and Their Influence

Section 1 Criticism of Personal Superstition and Stalin

First, criticize personal superstition and the development of Stalin's movement.

Second, the differences and struggles of Soviet leaders in criticizing Stalin.

Third, Khrushchev's "secret report" and its mistakes

Fourth, the positive significance of criticizing personal superstition and Stalin's mistakes.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) Khrushchev's mistakes in criticizing personal superstition

The second section is the theory of "harmony" and "satisfaction"

First, the 20th National Congress of the Soviet Union put forward the "three in one" theory.

Second, the "three in one" theoretical analysis

Third, the 22nd National Congress of the Soviet Union put forward the theory of "both sides are satisfied".

Fourth, the "two-way" theory.

The third section "thaw" ideological trend and the proliferation of liberalization thought

First, two ups and downs of the "thaw" trend of thought

Second, the positive role and negative impact of "thawing" trend of thought

Chapter X Policy Adjustment and Reform from the Mid-1950s to the Early 1960s

In the mid-1950s, the struggle within the Soviet Union and the consolidation of Khrushchev's power.

First, the final counterattack

Second, the last "anti-Party clique"

Third, zhukov's failure.

Section 2 Reform of Economic Management System and Party and Government Leadership System

I. Reform of agricultural management system

Second, reform the industrial management system.

Third, reform the party and government leadership system.

Section 3 Adjustment of Foreign Policy

First, actively carry out dialogue between the East and the West.

Second, the Soviet-American relationship.

Three. Relations with socialist countries in eastern Europe

Four. Policy towards the third world

Verb (abbreviation of verb) China policy and Sino-Soviet relations

Chapter II XI economy from the mid-1960s to the early 1980s.

The first part: the economic reform centered on the implementation of the "new economic system"

I. Guiding ideology and basic measures of reform

Second, the achievements and contradictions of the new economic system.

The third is the criticism of "market socialism" and the change of reform policy.

Section 2 Adjustment of Economic Structure with Strengthening Agriculture as the Core

I. Basic measures and achievements in strengthening agriculture

Second, the problems in agricultural development

Third, the adjustment of the proportion relationship between light and heavy industries and its achievements and problems.

The third section is the transformation of economic growth mode with the implementation of "intensive policy" as the core.

I. Intensive policies and basic measures

Second, the basic achievements and problems of intensive policy

Section IV Basic Situation and Valuation of Economic Development

First, the basic evaluation of the economic development situation

Second, the main reasons for the decline in economic growth rate

Third, the social consequences of the deterioration of the economic situation

Chapter XII Domestic Politics from the Mid-1960s to the Early 1980s

Section 1 Policy Adjustment in the Early Period of Brezhnev's Administration

I. Adjustment of the leadership system and cadre policies

Second, the adjustment of Stalin's evaluation

Third, theoretical adjustment.

The second section, from stability to stagnation.

First, the leadership system is becoming more and more rigid.

Second, the construction of democracy and legal system is a mere formality.

Third, the corruption of leading cadres and the formation of privileged classes.

Section 3 "Dissent" Movement

First, the occurrence and development of the "dissidents" movement

Second, look at the mistakes and lessons of the ideological work in the Soviet Union from the "dissidents" movement.

Chapter XIII Foreign Policy from the Mid-1960s to the Early 1980s

Section 1 Relations with the United States

First, from limited improvement to easing.

Second, from detente to new confrontation

Section 2 Relations with Western European Countries

First, win over France and Huairou West Germany.

Two. Helsinki conference

Section 3 Relations with Socialist Countries in Eastern Europe

First, adjust the relationship.

Second, suppress the Prague Spring.

Third, strengthen control over eastern European countries.

Fourth, about "Brezhnevism"

The relationship between the fourth quarter and the third world

I relations with countries in the middle and near east

Second, relations with Latin American countries.

Chapter XIV Ethnic Relations and Ethnic Issues from the Mid-1950s to the Early 1980s

Section 1 Legacy left by Stalin's period

First, the form of federalism is actually unitary.

Second, the economy and education have developed rapidly.

Third, many thorny ethnic relations issues have been left behind.

Fourth, Russian centralism and chauvinism in greater Russia.

Section 2 Adjustment and Inheritance of Stalin's Ethnic Policy

First, to rehabilitate the unjust, false and wrong cases in ethnic relations

Second, expand the autonomy to join the Republic of * * *.

Third, implement the policy of "narrowing the gap between economic and social development in China"

Fourth, continue to implement the immigration policy in ethnic areas.

5. Continue to implement Stalin's language policy.

Sixth, the characteristics of ethnic policy in Brezhnev period.

Section 3 Economic Development and Social Progress in Ethnic Areas

First, the rapid economic development in ethnic areas.

Two. Progress in education, science, culture and health

Three. Great changes have taken place in the social stratum structure.

Section IV Theoretical Issues of Ethnic Relations

First, the theory of "solving ethnic problems"

Second, the theory that "the people's new history is the same organism-the Soviet people"

Section 5 insurmountable ethnic problems

First, chauvinism and local nationalism in Great Russia.

Second, the negative impact of economic system and policies.

Third, the negative consequences of political and social policy mistakes.

Fourth, there is an undercurrent of racial disputes.

The third part Gorbachev period

Chapter 15 Evolution of the Target of "Accelerating Development Strategy"

Section 1 andropov's Short-term Reform and Its Predicted Reform Direction

First, the reform situation faced by andropov after he took office.

Second, andropov's reform measures

Gorbachev is the leader of the Soviet Union.

Section II "Accelerated Development Strategy" and Its Evolution

First, formulate an "accelerated development strategy"

Second, the development of machinery manufacturing industry

Third, the prohibition movement.

Fourth, the struggle against non-labor income.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) cadre adjustment

Section III Perfecting the Distortion of the Socialist Reform Plan

First, the Central Plenary Session of the Soviet Union in January

Second, changes in the direction of economic reform.

Third, completely deny the surging trend of thought in Soviet history.

Section IV 1985- 1988 Social and Economic Development of the Soviet Union

First, the economic development of the Soviet Union in the early stage of reform

Second, social unrest.

Chapter 16: Fully Implementing the General Line of "Humane and Democratic Socialism"

Section 1 Political System Reform and Political Crisis

I. Nineteenth National Congress of the Soviet Union

Second, the first Soviet People's Congress, the differences between Soviet leaders.

Third, the emergence and expansion of political crisis.

The 28th National Congress of the Soviet Union and the comprehensive establishment of the line of "humane and democratic socialism"

First, sue * * * to give up the legal status of one-party rule.

Second, the power center is transferred to the presidential Committee.

Third, comprehensively establish the line of "humane and democratic socialism"

Section III Planning of the New Alliance Treaty

First, the contradiction between the central government and the countries joining the Republic of * * * is prominent and has become the main contradiction.

Two. Draft treaty of the new alliance

Third, the idea of restoring political authority failed.

The fourth quarter Gorbachev's comprehensive compromise to the Democrats

I the "9+ 1" process

Second, the Harvard project.

Third, a full-scale political crisis broke out.

Section 5 Economic Reform Constrained by Political Struggle

First, continue the economic reform idea of "accelerating strategy"

Second, the conflict between the two economic reform routes.

Third, the economic crisis has intensified.

Chapter XVII Diplomacy in Gorbachev's Period and the Evolution of the Soviet Union

Section 1 Changes of Soviet Diplomatic Strategy and Diplomatic Theory during Gorbachev's Period

First, the international environment faced by the Soviet Union in the mid-1980s.

Second, Gorbachev put forward a "new thinking" of diplomacy.

Section 2 Adjustment of Foreign Policy

The first stage (1March 1985 to1February 1989)

The second stage (1989 65438+February to199165438+February)

The influence of new thinking on the drastic changes in eastern Europe

First, promote the reform of eastern European countries according to the Soviet model.

Second, the drastic changes in Eastern Europe accelerated the disintegration of the Soviet Union.

The influence of Gorbachev's diplomacy on the evolution of the Soviet Union

First, socialist beliefs and basic values have been seriously impacted.

Second, it created conditions for the Soviet Union's western "peaceful evolution" strategy.

Third, unilateral concessions to the west led to the decline of the international status of the Soviet Union.

Chapter XVIII The disintegration of the Soviet Union

Section 1 The full-scale outbreak of the national crisis is the catalyst for the disintegration of the Soviet Union

First, the outbreak of a series of ethnic conflicts and their impact

Second, the reasons for the intensification of ethnic conflicts

Section 2 paralysis of grass-roots organizations in the Soviet Union

First, the activities of grass-roots organizations in the Soviet Union at the beginning of the reform.

Second, the Soviet grass-roots organizations on the eve of the disintegration of the Soviet Union

Section 3 "8. 19" Event

I. Causes of the "8. 19" Incident

Second, Gorbachev and the "8. 19" Incident

Gorbachev's complete betrayal of the socialist cause

The fourth section expounds the reasons for the failure of Soviet reform.

First, the key is to choose the wrong direction of the reform route.

Second, Gorbachev and others should bear the historical responsibility.

Section 5 * * * and the independence of orgasm.

First, the vicious expansion of Great Russia.

Second, the rapid development of Ukraine's independence tendency

Three. Independence of Lithuania and other countries

Four. Independence of Central Asian countries

The disintegration of the Soviet Union and the establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States

First, the bankruptcy of the new alliance treaty

Second, a fatal blow to the alliance countries.

Third, the Minsk Conference.

Fourth, the last effort to save the alliance countries.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) Final judgment of Almaty Conference

The intransitive verb Gorbachev resigned and the disintegration of the Soviet Union

Chapter 19 Warning of the rise and fall of the former Soviet Union: Don't go against the law of economic development