I. Origin of surname:
Single origin: it originated from the surname Jiang, from the doctor of Qi in the Spring and Autumn Period, and belongs to the name of a feudal city.
In many historical materials and documents, it is said that Chang is a Jurchen nationality and a unique surname of Manchu. In fact, this assertion is wrong!
Lu Yu, a famous Tang Dynasty, quoted Daoyue's Biography of Continued Monks in Seven Things of Tea Classics, saying: "Fayao's surname is Chang, and he is from Hedong. In Yongjia, when you meet Shen Taizhen, please invite Zhenjun to Wu Kang Xiaoshan Temple trailer and have tea in the dining room. Yongjia crossed the river in the middle and met Zhentai. Please Zhenjun Wu Kang Xiaoshan Temple trailer and have tea in the dining room. Zhong Yongming sent a gift to Beijing at the age of 79. Yongming Zhong, 79 years old, gave it to Beijing. " From this, people can not only see that during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Buddhism and Taoism in China advocated tea in temples south of Jianghuai, but also see that Chang clan people have been widely known.
The epitaph No.6958 of the Epitaph of the National Library of China records the situation of being buried with his wife Chang, and its first title records: "Epitaph of being buried with Pei Chang in Ming Dynasty"; Change the title of seal script: "Epitaph of Liu Gong in Ming Dynasty and its burial with Chang". The epitaph was written by Zhang Li in Ming Dynasty, with Zhong Duo as the official book and Zhong Duo as the seal. It was carved on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month in the first year of Qin Long in the Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1567) and unearthed in Linqing City, Shandong Province. Obviously, according to this epitaph, Chang clan people have lived and multiplied in the Central Plains for a long time.
In fact, according to the historical records "Customs" and "Biography of Liu Chen Customs", it is said: "Jiang's surname is free, and he will be later Qi, and he will see Wei County."
Chang's family originated from Qi State in the Spring and Autumn Period, and was later a clan. Chang family ancestors, proficient in martial arts. In order to persuade Zhou Wenwang not to attack merchants rashly, he once persuaded him with a very wonderful language: "The raptor will attack and it will feel inferior; Beasts will fight and bow to their knees; When a saint moves, there must be a foolish color! "
In the Spring and Autumn Period, one branch of Qi Huangong was different from other branches of the same clan. Changed its name to Changyi (now Changyi, Jilin), and still respected Lv Wang as its ancestor.
At the end of the Ming Dynasty, the Zhang people who took refuge in the post-Jin Nurhachi regime were brought into Manchuria with a white flag. After entering the customs, Aisingji Orrododo suppressed peasant rebels in Li Zicheng, and was listed in the flag book for his meritorious service, but he was still a Han nationality.
Ancestor: Lv Wang.
That is to say, Jiang Shang, who is pronounced as Ziya, disappeared in Weibin first, and Zhou Wenwang met him while hunting in Weihe River. He said, "I have been looking forward to my son for a long time", so he was named King Taigong, commonly known as Jiang Taigong. In the process of assisting Zhou Wenwang and Zhou Wuwang to destroy business, Lv Wang played the following roles: First, he formulated the strategy of respecting people and destroying business; Second, take steps to win over the whole country and eliminate the wings of the Shang Dynasty. Third, boost morale and be strict in discipline; Fourth, command the battle of Makino, personally ordered to assault and defeat the main force of the Shang army.
After assisting Zhou Wuwang to complete the great cause of destroying business, Lv Wang was listed as the first meritorious service of the founding of the People's Republic of China, and was sealed in Qiyi, with its capital in Yingqiu (now Zibo, Shandong), becoming the ancestor of Qi. During the Zhou Dynasty, the State of Qi had the privilege of conquering five kings and nine uncles, ranking above the vassal states.
Two. Migration distribution:
It is often the second16 surname in China, with a population of about 4.8 million, accounting for 0.03% of the national population.
The Chang family originated from Qi in the Spring and Autumn Period and lived in Sangtian and Sang Hai. Things have changed, and gradually formed a large settlement in Henan County, north of Luoshui, and Wei County between Hebei, Shandong and Henan. Its population is prosperous.
During the Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Central Plains was in turmoil and smoke was everywhere. The Chang family, like other gentry in the Central Plains, entered southern provinces such as Anhui, Jiangsu and Zhejiang to avoid chaos.
During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Changshi County in Henan Province still existed, but Linzhang, the seat of Wei County, was burned down by the war several times, so Changshi had to run around, and his family moved to Shanxi, which is a mountain and river outside, and settled in Hedong County in southern Shanxi. In the middle Tang Dynasty, Chang Dang, who was famous for a poem with the same name as Wang Zhihuan, was from Hedong County. This poem and Wang's poem are both good poems with mixed scenes. The poem says, "Jiong Lin.
The Southern Song Dynasty was partial to the south of the Yangtze River. After Mongolian fighters trampled on the south of the Yangtze River at the end of the Song Dynasty, Chang people could not bear the pain of war, or made a living, or fled, or their officials gradually dispersed in Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Fujian, Sichuan and other provinces.
In the early Ming Dynasty, Shanxi Changshi moved to Beijing, Shaanxi, Hebei, Henan and other places as one of the surnames of people who moved to Hongtong Sophora japonica.
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the mainstream of Chang's reproduction was still in the north, and then there were various natural migration movements such as going west and crossing Kanto, and the Chang's family gradually distributed in northwest, northeast and south China.
Today, the Chang family is widely distributed, especially in Shaanxi and Henan provinces.
3. County HallNo.:
1. Hope County:
Henan County: Sanchuan County in Qin Dynasty. In the second year of Emperor Gaozong of the Western Han Dynasty (205 BC), it was changed to Henan County and Luoyang (now Luoyang, Henan Province). At that time, it was located in the lower reaches of Luoshui and Yishui in the south of Henan, the upper reaches of Shuanghe and Jia Luhe, and Yuanyang County in the north of the Yellow River, which governed 22 counties, roughly equivalent to Jin Meng, Yanshi, Gongyi, Xingyang, Yuanyang and Yuanyang in Henan today. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, because Luoyang was the capital, in order to improve the status of Henan County, its officials were called Yin, not Taishou. In the early years of Sui Dynasty, it was deposed, and later it became Henan County of Yuzhou. During the Tang dynasty, it was the Henan government of Luozhou, and its jurisdiction was much smaller than that of Henan county in the Han dynasty. Henan Road in Yuan Dynasty, Henan Province in Ming and Qing Dynasties. It was founded in Henan Province during the Republic of China.
Wei County: During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Liu Bang set up a county and ruled Yexian County (now Linzhang, Hebei Province). At that time, the jurisdiction spanned the borders of Hebei, Shandong and Henan provinces. The five lakes and sixteen countries belong to Neihuang County, Linzhang County, Xunxian County, daming county City, Weixian County, Cheng 'an County and guanxian City in northern Henan Province. Moved to Anyang at the end of the Northern Zhou Dynasty. In the Sui Dynasty, Xiangzhou was changed to Wei County. In the Tang Dynasty, it was changed to Ye Jun in Xiangzhou (now Anyang, Henan), and the name of Wei Jun was moved to Weizhou.
2. Hall number:
Henan Guild Hall: Building Guild Hall with Hope.
Four. Historical celebrities:
Chang Zeng: (Date of birth and death to be tested), Xi * * *. Famous scholars in Han dynasty.
It is said that it was written by the famous Shui De Jing.
Chang Huiming: (the year of birth and death is to be tested), a famous scholar of Qi State in the Southern Dynasties, and author of ten volumes of Semantics.
Chang Cui: (AD? ~ 765 years to be tested), Hedong people (now Xia County, Shanxi Province). Famous officials in Tang Dynasty.
Chang Dang: (year of birth and death to be tested), son of Chang Cui; Hedong people (now Yongji, Shanxi). A famous poet in Tang Dynasty.
Chang Yue: (A.D.? ~ 788 years to be tested), Hedong people (now Xia County, Shanxi Province). Famous officials in Tang dynasty.
In the early years of Zhenyuan (AD 784), Tang Dezong was Zuo Cheng, who served as a university student.
In the third year of Tang Zhenyuan (AD 787), Chang Yue made a tour of Hunan Observer.
In the fourth year of Tang Zhenyuan (AD 788), he became the son of Prince Zuo Shu, and became an observer. Later, he died in the town.
Changgong: (the year of birth and death is to be tested), from Hedong (now Xiaxian County, Shanxi Province). Famous painter in Tang Dynasty.
Good at landscape painting, like Li Sixun. His son Chang Jin Ming is also a painter, and his achievements have surpassed his father's.
Chang: (year of birth and death to be tested), from Luoyang. Famous scholar in Song Dynasty.
Used to work for Cheng Yi. The famous suicide note of Cheng has 25 volumes.
Chang: (A.D. 1246 ~ 13 17), the word Chunfu, the name Bo Ran; Nanyang people (now Nanyang, Henan). A famous minister and agronomist in the Yuan Dynasty.
Chang Xuan: (year of birth and death to be tested), a famous minister of the Ming Dynasty.
The official went to Tai 'an magistrate of a county and followed the sound, with his mother's worries. People praised the deputy envoy and heard that the Ming Emperor Zhu Gaochi ordered him to return to his post.
In the first year of Xuande in Ming Dynasty, the official department invited him, and Zhu Zhanji of Xuan Di ordered him to return to his place.
Chang Heng: (the year of birth and death is to be tested), the word has culture; Shanxi hejin people. Famous officials of Ming dynasty.
In the 14th year of Ming Chenghua, he was a scholar and ranked 25th in the top three.
Later, the governor of Changyuan County was appointed as the governor of Zhejiang Province. At that time, I was hungry, so Chang Heng beat me and served silk yarn and other things.
In the first year of Hongzhi in the Ming Dynasty, he also invited Wen to attend the silver class, hoping to put the middle officials guarding the court under the French Open. It was built by corrupt official Zhang Qing and returned to Jingyang County.
Changhua: (the year of birth and death to be tested), the word is real; People from Longxi, Shaanxi (now Longxi, Gansu). Famous officials of Ming dynasty.
He was a scholar in the 12th year of the Ming Dynasty, ranking167th among the top three.
Later, he was awarded the magistrate of Wuxi and was in charge of the Guangdong Department of the Ministry of Punishment. Later in Fujian, I was the foreign minister and was sentenced to prison in many places.
In the ninth year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty, Changhua was promoted to be the inspector of Shanxi, patrolling Hedong Road and stealing people.
After three years in power, Changhua invited her to retire on the grounds that she was nearly 60 years old.
Chang Yue: (Date of birth and death to be determined), Jinmeng, Henan.
In the third year of Qing Shunzhi, he was a scholar and ranked ninety-five in the top three.
Chang Taizhao: (year of birth and death to be tested), from Xinxiang, Henan.
In the eighteenth year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty, he ranked 78th among the top three scholars.
Chang: (year of birth and death to be tested), from Qixian County, Shanxi Province.
In the twenty-fourth year of Qing Emperor Kangxi, he was a scholar and ranked thirty-ninth in the three dynasties.
Chang Yuxiong: (Date of birth and death to be tested), from Xinxiang, Henan.
In the second year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty, he was a scholar, ranking third, 2 12.
Chang Zengyu: (Date of birth and death to be tested), from Hejin, Shanxi.
In the eighth year of Qing Yongzheng, he was the first scholar and ranked third in 152.
Chang: (AD 1928 to present), from Henan. Modern famous calligrapher.
1948 joined the work, 1988 retired. The level is deputy director.
Chang Zheng: (A.D. 1930 ~ present), formerly known as Chang; He won the prize in Henan. Famous expert in political economy.
Chang Kuai: (A.D. 1930 ~ present), from Taigu, Shanxi. Famous nuclear fuel expert.
Chang Bishun: (A.D. 1933 ~ present), a native of Hanyang, Hubei. Famous geological and mineral experts.
Chang Guangyuan: (A.D. 1937 ~ present), a native of Linyi, Shanxi. Modern famous educator.
65438-0959 graduated from Xi Normal University, and is now a professor of Chinese Department of Shaanxi Normal University.
He has been engaged in the research of literary psychology for a long time, and has published five academic monographs, including Psychology of Poetry Creation, Subjectivity of Literary Theory and Humanistic Spirit of China Literature. Member of Chinese Writers Association, director of China Chinese and foreign cultural and literary theory society, executive director of Shaanxi Writers Association, and vice chairman of Shaanxi Literature Critics Association.