Organic chemistry, also known as carbon compound chemistry, is a very important branch of chemistry, which studies the composition, structure, properties, preparation methods and applications of organic compounds. Carbon-containing compounds are called organic compounds because chemists used to think that such substances must be made by organisms.
1828, German chemist Friedrich W?hler successfully synthesized urea (a biomolecule) in the laboratory for the first time. Since then, organic chemistry has broken away from the traditional definition and expanded to the chemistry of hydrocarbons and their derivatives. Due to the improvement and development of synthetic methods, more and more organic compounds are synthesized in the laboratory, but the term "organic chemistry" has been used up to now.
Research methods of organic chemistry;
The development of research methods of organic chemistry has gone through the process from manual operation to automation and computerization, from constant to ultra-trace. Before1940s, the product was purified by traditional distillation, crystallization and sublimation, and its structure was determined by chemical degradation and derivative preparation. Some progress has also been made in the research of designing synthetic routes with electronic computers.
Further study and effective utilization of photosynthesis is a common subject of plant physiology, biochemistry and organic chemistry. Organic chemistry can generate high-energy organic compounds through photochemical reactions and store them; Use its reverse reaction to release energy if necessary. Another goal of developing resources is to fix carbon dioxide under the action of organometallic compounds and produce endless organic compounds.