Because the mountain is steep and surrounded by cliffs, it used to be difficult to climb to the top on foot. Fortunately, Luoshan was turned into Luoshan Park, with sightseeing elevators and plank roads installed. Nuo Mountain is also the tomb group of Liang Wang in the Western Han Dynasty. At present, there are three tombs excavated and cleared, of which two are larger, namely, the first tomb of Jin Luyu (tomb of Nuo Mountain 1), the tomb of Empress (tomb of Nuo Mountain 2) and the tomb of Han Dynasty stone relief. The entrances to Tomb 1 and Tomb 2 have been covered with glass, and only Hanshi Tomb can be visited by tourists.
There are countless cultural relics unearthed from Luoshan Mausoleum, among which the most precious is the golden jade clothes unearthed from Luoshan 1. The first tomb of Jin Luyu is located at the eastern end of Nuo Peak. The thickness of the top of the tomb is 10 meter, and the entrance of the tomb faces east. It consists of two parts: the tomb and the tomb. This is a vertical cave stone tomb. The width of the tomb road is 3 meters from north to south, and the existing length from east to west is less than 10 meter (the rest were destroyed by quarrying). It is flat-bottomed, with steep north and south walls, and is made of rocks. The pyramid-shaped mound is blocked with stones, with names and words engraved on it. The plane of the tomb is rectangular from east to west, 7 meters long from east to west, 4 meters wide from north to south and 4 meters high.
Although the tomb was stolen in the early days, many precious cultural relics were still unearthed during the rescue excavation of the tomb in 1986, including more than 70 jade treasures, 24 jade sword ornaments, and exquisite jade ornaments such as Qingyuge, Qingyuge, Qingyukui, Jade Pig, Jade Pigeon, Jade Pigeon and Jade Dancer. These jade articles are of high quality, beautifully decorated and beautifully carved. In addition, there are some precious crystals, agate beads and so on. And iron knives, swords, axes, etc. As well as wood, bamboo, lacquerware and textiles.
A golden jade dress was unearthed in the tomb, which is priceless. When the jade clothes were unearthed, they were scattered all over the floor. The length of the restored jade garment is1.76m, which is made of 2008 pieces of jade spliced with gold thread. While giving jade various virtues, the ancients believed that jade was spiritual, and burying a corpse with jade could make the corpse not rot. "The jade is in the nine holes, and the dead don't die." The discovery of the golden jade clothes in Nuo Mountain is another great discovery after Wang Jing in Zhongshan and Liu Sheng in Mancheng, Hebei Province. 1988 participated in the National Unearthed Cultural Relics Exhibition held by the Forbidden City in Beijing, and 199 1 went to Singapore as a pioneer of China-Singapore diplomatic relations, winning honor for China.
The jade burial system began in the late Western Zhou Dynasty and prevailed from the Spring and Autumn Period to the Warring States Period to the Han Dynasty. Jade clothes are the highest grade of jade for funeral. According to the level of the deceased, there are three kinds of jade clothes: gold, silver and copper. In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, emperors, queens and princes began to wear jade clothes. Therefore, it can be inferred that this tomb should be the tomb of Liang Wang in the Western Han Dynasty. At present, archaeologists believe that tomb 1 is the tomb of King A Liang in the middle and late Liang Dynasty.
Tomb No.2 is located on the west side of the top of the mountain, with the entrance facing west, 50 meters away from Tongbunuo. 1, and buried with it. According to the unearthed cultural relics and orientation, it is judged as the tomb of Queen Liang Wang. The structure of this tomb is basically the same as that of tomb 1, which consists of two parts: the entrance and the tomb. The tomb is rectangular, with a length of 7.05 meters from east to west, a width of 4. 1 meter from north to south and a height of 4.25 meters at the highest point. This tomb was stolen many times in the early days, and it was stolen again in 1993. The public security organs recovered more than 300 pieces of cultural relics, including jade clothes, jade bi, Yu Pei, jade pig, pearl ornaments, inkstones and jade tablets. 1in the autumn of 995, cultural relics workers cleaned up the tomb and cleared up a small amount of jade clothes, jade pieces, bronzes and pottery fragments.
Tomb No.3 (Han Stone Relief Tomb) is located on the hillside on the south side of Nuoshan Mountain, more than 0/00 meters away from the First Tomb of Jinluyu and the Tomb of the Empress/kloc. During the period of 1978, villagers in Nuoshan found that they had been cleaned up that year. Although the relics in the tomb have long been looted, the structure of the tomb is complete and more than ten portrait stones have been unearthed. The tomb is east-west, and the entrance faces west. The four walls are made of stone strips, the top is covered with stone strips, and finally the soil is sealed. The tomb consists of the entrance of the tomb, the front room, the ear room, the middle room and the two sides rooms. The total length of the room is 5.45 meters and the widest point is 3.58 meters.
The stone relief of the tomb is mainly distributed in the four walls of the front room, the entrance of the tomb and the lintel. Cross-shaped chain patterns are engraved on the back wall of the back room and the back walls on both sides, and two dragons are embossed on the lintel of the tomb door. The first ring of Suzaku's shop is engraved on the stone gate, and the west wall of the front room is the riding map of the vehicle. There are two two-wheeled vehicles in the picture, with umbrella covers and two people. There are also seven people riding horses alone in the picture, all wearing high crowns, robes and belts around their waists. The other three walls are carved with wild animals. On the east wall are Kirin, bird-faced beast and human-headed dragon. There are birds, beasts and dragons on the south wall.
The portraits in the tomb are rich in content, and the rare birds and animals on the wall and the dragon crossing the wall reflect the concept of immortality in people's minds in the Han Dynasty. Go on road trip shows that the owner of the tomb can still live a high-level life in the afterlife. Its carving is in the form of carving bas-relief, that is, the outline and details of the portrait are carved first, and then the open space is carved. This kind of stone relief is different from Nanyang stone relief Gu Zhuo, and the portrait of Dahuting Pavilion in Mi County is neat and delicate. The layout of the picture is symmetrical, and the lines are reasonable in density and thickness, which is called by archaeologists as a typical representative of the Han Dynasty stone relief in eastern Henan. It provides important information for studying the tomb system, architectural art, stone carving portrait art, social life and ideology of the Han Dynasty.
Like Wang Xiaoling in Bao 'an Mountain, Luoshan Mausoleum belongs to Wangliangling Group of Western Han Dynasty in Mangdang Mountain and is a national key cultural relic protection unit. The history of Liang State is of typical significance in the vassal states of the Western Han Dynasty. Strong economic strength, leaving rich relics and relics for future generations; The special political status is beyond the reach of the general vassal States. Since Liu Wushou of Liang Xiaowang buried Bao 'an Mountain in Mangdang Mountain in 144 BC, nine kings, empresses, concubines, royal families and some modern ministers of Liang State were buried here, and they all chose the mountain for burial, which lasted about 170 years. However, with the replacement of Liang Wang and the reduction of national strength, the scale and fineness of the tombs of Liang Wang and his empress are also decreasing, and the tombs are farther and farther away from Liang Xiaowang's tomb in Baoan Mountain. More than a dozen hills in Mangdang Mountain will form a large-scale and complex tomb group of Liang Wang in the Western Han Dynasty, which is rare in China.