The heart of a writer/traveler
Hello, everyone, I am a traveling heart, welcome to read this article. There are many famous towers in the world, such as the Leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy and the Eiffel Tower in Paris. In China, there is another tower that can be compared with these two towers, namely Yingxian Wooden Pagoda, which has become the "Three Wonders of the World". Yingxian wooden tower has a history of nearly a thousand years, but now it is greatly inclined, even more inclined than the leaning tower of Pisa. Experts are not entirely sure about repairing this pagoda. Let's take a look together.
The full name of Yingxian Wooden Pagoda is Sakyamuni Pagoda of Buddha Temple in Yingxian County. It was built in 1056 and completed in 1 195. This wooden pagoda is the tallest and oldest existing wooden pagoda in China, and it has also been recognized as the tallest wooden pagoda in the world by Guinness World Records 20 16. Legend has it that this tomb tower was built by Master Lu Ban. As a matter of fact, this wooden pagoda was advocated by Xiao Taihou in Liao country to facilitate the royal family to worship Buddha.
There are many legends about this wooden tower. Legend has it that this tomb tower was built by Master Lu Ban overnight, and there are fire-proof beads and water drops given by the Jade Emperor in the tower, so the wooden tower has not been afraid of floods and fires for thousands of years. Although the legend is illusory, this Yingxian wooden tower is really magical. It has suffered more than 40 earthquakes and more than 200 shells in history, but it still stands.
Yingxian Wooden Pagoda is a pure wooden structure, with a height of 67.3 1 m and no nails or rivets. The whole tower is made of Korean pine wood and weighs more than 2,600 tons. Such a "big" wooden tower can stand for thousands of years. Most importantly, the wooden tower adopts 54 different forms of bucket arches, which perfectly combines the columns, beams and beams of each floor. Even when strong winds and earthquakes come, the bucket arch can play a good protective role.
Yingxian wooden tower is 1 18 years older than the leaning tower of Pisa, and the two towers have one thing in common, that is, they are both inclined, and Yingxian wooden tower is also inclined than the leaning tower of Pisa. Why is there such a problem? First of all, the wooden tower has experienced more than 40 earthquakes in the past thousand years. Although there is no great damage on the surface, there are dark wounds inside, and serious cracks have appeared in some places.
Especially in modern times, in the last century, wars were frequent, and this ancient pagoda was also attacked by shells. More than 200 bullets were shot all over its body, and now these bullet marks are still clearly visible. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, a meeting of ten thousand people was held here, which made the wooden tower overwhelmed. This time, the wooden tower suffered irreparable trauma. Therefore, under the action of multiple factors, the wooden tower gradually tilted, especially on the second and third floors, and the damage was the most serious.
After the wooden tower was tilted, the Cultural Relics Bureau also tried to remedy it. First, disassembly and reorganization; The second is to reinforce the support; Third, it was lifted and replaced.
If it is demolished and reorganized, the damaged place will be replaced. However, in this case, the soft decoration, context and pigment color on the wooden tower are uncertain about how many monuments will be lost after one-time restoration and reorganization.
If it is a reinforcement support, there is no way to give a clear reinforcement plan, because Yingxian wooden pagoda was directly repaired in Jin Dynasty.
If it is lifting replacement, it is to lift the whole top floor and only carry out large-scale decoration on the damaged second and third floors in the middle, which can minimize the damage to the soft clothes, but the lifting replacement project is very difficult to practice, and there is no guarantee that there will be more damage in the process.
Later, people thought of a way to strengthen the building on the basis of the original status quo, without forcibly righting it, but only to repair and strengthen it from the side. However, doing so will make the result worse. Until recently, National Cultural Heritage Administration proposed to propose mitigation measures within three years.
This tower is the greatest wooden tower design in human history and has high value. Now in 36 years 1000, Yingxian wooden tower was built. I only hope that this thorny problem can be solved as soon as possible, so that the wooden tower can be preserved in the world for a long time.