Marxist scientific basis for judging the objectivity and complexity of people's creation of history. History is created by people, but people can't create history at will. Marx said: "People create their own history, but they don't create it at will, not under the conditions they choose, but under the conditions they encounter directly, which are established and inherited from the past."
(Selected Works of Marx and Engels, vol./kloc-0, p. 603)
The role of the people in creating history is restricted by social and historical conditions. These social and historical conditions are various,
First, the economic conditions, that is, the realistic productive forces and relations of production, are, in the final analysis, the political, ideological and cultural conditions determined by this. People can neither choose these conditions at will, nor create history at will under their own conditions, but can only adapt to and accept these conditions first as the starting point of their activities. This does not mean that people are passive and powerless under realistic conditions. To adapt to and accept the existing conditions, it is precisely on this basis that we should give full play to the initiative of consciousness and actively promote the progress of history in accordance with the requirements of objective laws, which shows that the process of people creating history is objective, not subjective and arbitrary.
Because the people's activities of creating history are restricted by social history, the role and actual effect of the people in creating history are different in different historical periods and different social conditions.
The slave class and the peasant class in history are the historical creators of their times, and their struggles have shaken or destroyed the economic foundation of the ruling class. However, because they are not representatives of the new mode of production, they cannot propose and establish a more advanced social system. Therefore, although they are the driving force of historical development, they have not been truly liberated and become the masters of society.
The proletariat is associated with the advanced economic form and is the representative of the new mode of production. Under the leadership of their own Marxist political party, they can unite with the broad masses of peasants and other laborers, which can not only overthrow the old world, but also build a new world without exploitation and oppression. Under socialist conditions, the working class and other working people have mastered the means of production and state power and become the masters of the new society. The socialist system has opened up a vast world for the people to create history and provided unprecedented advantages.
However, people's activities to create history cannot be arbitrary, and they are still restricted by realistic conditions. Only under the leadership of Marxist political parties, under the guidance of Marxist theory, acting according to objective laws, proceeding from reality and giving full play to the superiority of the socialist system, can the people play a great role in promoting historical development. In the communist society, mankind will enter the realm of freedom from the realm of necessity, and enter the era of consciously transforming the world and transforming itself, and the role of the people in creating history will be fully exerted. But it is still a criterion that people must follow from reality.