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Jingzhou cultural relics
Jingzhou has outstanding people, many cultural relics and historic sites, and many celebrities come forth in large numbers. This is the hometown of Dong Zhongshu, a famous thinker in Han Dynasty, and Wang, a modern proletarian revolutionary. Jingzhou Pagoda, also known as stupa, is famous for its long history and profound connotation, and has attracted more and more attention. Jingxian county, as a national key cultural relics protection unit, is developing in the way of restoration and protection. It will become a tourist attraction integrating sightseeing, viewing and cultural relics protection. There are three historic sites in central and southern Hebei: Cangzhou Lion, Jingzhou Tower and the Great Bodhisattva of Calm House. This tower in Jingzhou refers to the Jingzhou stupa. The full name of Jingzhou Pagoda is Sakyamuni Pagoda, or simply Pagoda, commonly known as Jingzhou Pagoda. Located in the center of Jingxian County, this tower is the oldest, most intact, largest and highest-level inner stone tower in China. Known for its lightness, simplicity and simplicity, 1996 was announced by the State Council as a national key cultural relics protection unit.

The ancient land was formed by the impact of the ancient Yellow River and Zhanghe River, with lush trees and rich aquatic plants. When Yao and Shun lived, the ancestors gathered here to live. The Jingzhou Pagoda (stupa), which is famous in the whole province, was built in the Northern Wei Dynasty. It is magnificent, spiraling and climbing, and a state is panoramic; Zhou Yafu's tomb is tall and majestic, and it is the tomb of Zhou Yafu, a famous Western Han Dynasty. The Gaos Tomb, which stretches for more than ten miles, and the Fengjia Tomb, commonly known as the "Eighteen Chaos Tomb", are buried with two prominent families of Guangyao Northern Dynasties. There is the Grand Canal in the east, and there are relics of ancient cities and villages such as Wencheng, Guang Chuan, Anling, West Road Guzhuang and Dadong Guzhuang. These cultural relics and historic sites are part of the ancient civilization of the Chinese nation and witness the history of Jingzhou.

There are 3 national key cultural relics protection units (Jingzhou Pagoda, Shi Feng Tomb and Gaoshi Tomb) and provincial key cultural relics protection units 1 (Zhou Yafu Tomb). Jingzhou stupa is 63.85 meters high and its base is 50.5 meters. It is a 13-story masonry structure with dense eaves and eight sides, and consists of three parts: tower foundation, tower body and brake net. The tower foundation is made of huge stones and there is a deep well below. The tower body is made of bricks, and each floor has an annular corridor, which is connected with four caves in the east, west, north and south. There are hundreds of steps between the floors. You can reach the top of the tower by spiraling up and overlooking it. The top of the tower is gourd-shaped and cast in bronze, with a height of 2.05 meters; The lower part of the copper roof is covered with iron gate net, 3.3 meters high, and iron plaques are hung on all sides. There are three Buddha statues cast on the iron plaque in the south, and the words "reconstruction in the same year" are cast on the iron plaque in the east, west, north and south. Brake nets, iron plaques and caves sway with the wind, making waves, so it is called "the ancient pagoda has many winds and waves"

The ancient strip land was formed by the impact of the ancient Yellow River and Zhanghe River. During the Yao and Shun period, ancestors lived here and created an ancient historical civilization. In Shang Dynasty, this was the territory of the Xiu family, so Jingxian County was formerly called "Xiu". Because it is located between the Central Plains and the nomadic people in the north, the geographical position is very important. The emperor of the Northern Wei Dynasty advocated Buddhism. From time to time, there were Gao Yun from Jingxian County, a doctor with a light title, a scholar with a title in Chinese books, and a duke of Xianyang. He plans to build this tower in his hometown, not only to cater to the emperor's wishes, but also to show his glory.

Legend has it that in this year, there was a drought in Jingzhou, and people dug wells everywhere to find water. At a well-drilling site next to the county seat, the water column suddenly spewed out from less than half of the wells. There is a duck floating on the water column. When the duck barks, the water is very urgent. In an instant, the surrounding became Wang Yang. At this time, a fairy suddenly appeared in the air, warning everyone: "This is a sea eye, so it must be nailed to the sky", and then it floated away. The clever Jingzhou people suddenly realized. Isn't the nail in the sky a tower? People began to build the tower according to the instructions of the gods. The water potential gradually weakens with the height of the tower. On the thirteenth floor, the water column stopped spewing and the ducks disappeared. So the tower was built on the thirteenth floor and stopped, and a well was drilled into it.

According to historical records, Jingzhou Tower was built during the reign of Emperor Gaozong in the Northern Wei Dynasty (452-453), with a history of 1550 years. In 845 AD, the Tang Wuzong Giant Buddha was destroyed, and the Jingzhou Tower was destroyed along with the temple. In the second year of Yuanfeng (A.D. 1079), Guanglu Temple built the county for a long time and rebuilt Jingzhou Tower according to the architectural style of Song Dynasty. In the fifth year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1407), monks built kaifu temple like Lang. In the first year of Qin Long in the Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1567), monks in kaifu temple built 1000 Buddhist pagodas. In the 11th year of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty (A.D. 167 1), Jin Yinglong, a soldier fighting floods, rebuilt kaifu temple. At this point, a kaifu temple architectural complex with the tower as the main body, the Infinite Hall, the Thousand Buddhas Pavilion, the Oriental Hall, the Western Hall, the Mountain Gate and Shinto as a whole has been formed, with reasonable layout and patchwork.

There is a saying in Jingzhou in Qing Dynasty that "from Nanjing to Beijing, Jingzhou has the best money and food". According to legend, Wei Tingzhen, an important official of the Kang, Gan and Yong Dynasties in Jingzhou, accompanied the emperor to kaifu temple during his southern tour. Emperor Qianlong saw that the wooden rafters in the temple were heavily occupied, but there was no beam. He blurted out, "There is no beam (grain) in this temple? ! "Wei Tingzhen and Jingzhou local officials immediately knocked on the ground to thank them:" Thank you, Grandpa, long live, free of money and food in Jingzhou! " The emperor's words have been said and cannot be taken back. At this point, the money and food paid in this regard are less. Unfortunately, in 1967, the Thousand Buddha Pavilion and the Infinite Hall were demolished as "Old Four Houses".

/kloc-in the spring of 0/973, when the Jingzhou Tower was rebuilt, nine volumes of Ming Dynasty woodcut Buddhist scriptures and a bronze Buddha of Sakyamuni Nirvana were found in the copper gourd at the top of the tower. Among them, there are six volumes of Mahayana Lotus Sutra, one volume of Mahayana Sutra, and two volumes of Liu Rulai's Merit Sutra.

Jingzhou Tower has experienced many vicissitudes and has a unique ancient charm. Many feudal emperors and literati came here to admire its majestic posture, magnificent momentum and arrogant style, and splashed ink on it, leaving many well-known poems. In the spring of the 13th year of Qing Qianlong (A.D. 1748), Emperor Qianlong made a southern tour, stayed in Jingzhou, visited kaifu temple and boarded the Jingzhou Tower. He was open-minded, wrote the inscription "Infinite Futian" for kaifu temple, and wrote "Two Odes to Ancient Pagodas in kaifu temple". One of them is: "Yu Yu is a violet now, and he is looking forward to accepting it. Fayun hangs four boundaries, and flowers and rain scatter the sky. Shaoxiu spring scenery, worship Long Ta shadow hanging. The meditation room is quiet, and the gap refers to three years. " Second: "The floating picture is a hundred feet away from the sky, and thousands of miles of mountains and rivers are close at hand. The treasure net is full of storks, and the holes and windows disperse the wind. Longpan Shuifu often listens to shellfish, and geese kill time in meditation. I volunteered to go to the third generation and then asked the Sui Dynasty. " Wei Tingzhen also left a seven-character poem praising the ancient pagoda: "There are twelve layers of summer winds, and thousands of doors enter the sky. People in the clouds talk about Danxia and step on the stars. There is no air in the sky, and Yuquan is surging into the sea. Who is the discipline after the emperor opened, the relic should follow Baima East. " These poems can be regarded as the representative works of Jingzhou Tower Poems. During the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty, Dr. Wen, Dr. Chao Yi and the magistrate of Jingzhou wrote "Climbing the Ancient Pagoda in kaifu temple" which is also quite distinctive: "Climbing there is no place to worry, and the floating picture is at the top. Looking at the world of mortals, the spring scenery in the distance is moving and worrying. A suit of ancient clouds, tears streaming down her face. The bottom is to ride the wind and not return. Seeing China will be fascinating. "