The Eastern Jin Dynasty was a dynasty in which the gentry supported and invaded each other, and the emperor was just a product or a decoration under the balance of forces of all parties. In such an atypical dynasty, it is not only difficult for ordinary people to stand out, but also for people from noble backgrounds to break the balance.

And Huan Wen did it.

Huan Wen is a lean man, but unlike Cao Cao and Sima Yi, Huan Wen values "fame" more, whether it is good or bad.

To judge Huan Wen's life, we have to say his merits and demerits.

First, youth spirit.

Huan Wen was born in Huan's family. The Huan family was a noble family from the Han Dynasty, and developed to Huan Wen's father, Huan Yi, who was also a famous person on the left side of the Yangtze River and a noble family.

In 328 AD, Huan Yi was killed by rebel generals Han Huang and jiang bo in order to resist the Soviet army who rebelled against the imperial court. Huan Yi's eldest son, Huan Wen, is fifteen years old. After the death of his father Huan Yi, Huan Wen "cried blood for revenge". Three years later, jiang bo died of illness, and Huan Wen pretended to mourn. With a sword, he planted three sons at the funeral to avenge his father.

As can be seen from this incident, on the one hand, Huan Wen acts decisively, like a knight who is willing to avenge himself; On the other hand, Huan Wen will not be bound by secular rules and dare to make contributions, which is beyond the reach of ordinary people.

Second, destroy into a Han.

In 346 AD, Huan Wen took advantage of the civil strife in Han Dynasty and led an army to the Western Expedition. At this time, Huan Wen had married Princess Nankang, and was appreciated by Prime Minister He Chong and Hui Ji Wang Sima Yi. After class, Yu Yi was appointed as the secretariat of Jingzhou, guarding the land of Jingchu and becoming an important official in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. At this time, after a series of civil strife, there were many contradictions between the emperor's house and the gentry. Emperor Han Cheng Shi Li killed his wife, loyalty and extravagance, which was a good opportunity for Huan Wen to become a Han.

Huan Wen led Qiao Yuan, Zhou Fu, Sun Sheng and others to reach Pengmo. After listening to Qiao Yuan's suggestion that "the whole army should advance and abandon three diets to show that it is inevitable to win", he led the army to take Chengdu directly. Just then, Cheng Han's general Kan Jian made a fatal mistake, thinking that Huan Wen would March from Qianwei, so he led people to wait in Qianwei. Unexpectedly, Huan Wen defeated Li Quan, the general of Cheng Han, and killed all the way to Chengdu at the gates. When Kanjian reacted, Huan Wen was only ten miles away from Chengdu.

Shi Li personally led the army and Huan Wen to fight outside Chengdu. The battle of Huan Wen was defeated, and Gong Hu was defeated, and the horse was shot to death. The Jin army was frightened and wanted to retreat. But at this time, the accident happened. Many times, history is changed by a coincidence, a nobody or even a small mistake. Huan Wen also reversed the whole war through a small misunderstanding. The soldiers who beat the drums thought that they were going to invade, and turned the original retreat into beating the drums. Qiao Yuan took the opportunity to draw his sword and bid, which inspired the morale of 8 Jin Army, defeated the army, captured Chengdu and drove it away.

In 347 AD, Shi Li naturally surrendered to Huan Wen, and so did Yu Zi. It took Huan Wen only four months to destroy the Han Cheng regime.

The demise of Cheng Han is a historical coincidence and even more inevitable. Huan Wen just gave a push, adding a fire to Cheng Han's already shaky political power. It was also through the demise of the Han regime that Huan Wen gained fame and prestige. This credit alone is enough to make him look down on the ruling and opposition parties in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and become the most effective commander in chief in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

Third, the Northern Expedition

After the demise of the Han Dynasty, Huan Wen basically controlled the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River. During this period, the authorities in the Eastern Jin Dynasty reshuffled, and Yu Bing, Yu Yi, He Chong and others died one after another. Sima Yu, the king of Huiji who fell in love and killed Huan Wen, joined the auxiliary government in North Korea. Sima Yi is abstinent and good at speaking out of turn, but he, including many celebrities of his time, did not allow Huan Wen to monopolize the family, so Sima Yi found a person to balance Huan Wen. This man is Yin Hao.

Celebrities in the Eastern Jin Dynasty compared Yin Hao to Guan Zhong and Zhuge Liang, which is "the right place at the right time". In terms of ostentation and extravagance, Yin Hao lived in seclusion for more than ten years, but he just didn't go out. But as far as talent is concerned, it is the biggest insult to compare him with Guan and Ge. In 352 AD, in Huan Wen's repeated calls for the Northern Expedition, Sima Yi led Xun Xian, Xie Shang and others to the Northern Expedition with Yin Hao as the commander-in-chief, with a view to establishing meritorious deeds and balancing Huan Wen. Yin Hao used the Qiang people to surrender to Yao Xiang, only to be betrayed by him. Being struck by Yao Xiang, he was defeated and became a laughing stock.

After the defeat of Yin Hao, it was abolished as Shu Ren. Only in the ruling and opposition in the Eastern Jin Dynasty did he realize that only Huan Wen could really fight. Huan Wen also took the opportunity to monopolize power and began the Northern Expedition.

The first Northern Expedition was in 354 AD. Huan Wen led 40,000 troops from Jiangling to Ni Qing. Fu Jian, the former Qin emperor, sent an army to fight Huan Wen, with his prince Fu Jian, his third son Fu Sheng and his younger brother Fu Xiong. I, Liu, was so bitter in World War I that I had to run from side to side, but Huan Wen led an army to fight Qianchi. After that, the defenders of Huan Wen took over, and all the villagers and elders held hands and cried, "I don't want to see loyalists again today". Later, Huan Wen's hay failed, and the wheat was taken away by Fu Jian, so he had to withdraw and return home. In the process of withdrawing troops, it suffered heavy losses, and the first Northern Expedition failed.

Although the Northern Expedition failed, it was of great significance. It was the first time that someone returned to his hometown after the demise of the Western Jin Dynasty. Moreover, in the battle, Fu Jian, Fu Xiong and Fu Zhong all died soon, and the former Qin Dynasty began to enter the era of tyranny.

In 356 AD, Huan Wen led an army to attack Luoyang. At this time, Luoyang was occupied by Zhou Cheng, a rebel in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and Yao Xiang was also attacking Luoyang. So Huan Wen and Yao Xiang met in Yishui, south of Luoyang, and Yao Xiang did the same thing, sending people to set an ambush for Huan Wen, but it was Huan Wen, not Yin Hao, who had long seen through Yao Xiang's plot. Yao Xiang failed in this plan and had to confront Huan Wen head-on. The two sides fought in Yishui, Yao Xiang was defeated, Zhou Cheng surrendered, and Huan Wen entered Luoyang to repair the garden.

Among the three northern expeditions in Huan Wen, the second one achieved the greatest results. However, all the gentry in the Eastern Jin Dynasty contended with Huan Wen and obstructed the Northern Expedition. Huan Wen once again withdrew due to lack of food and grass, and Luoyang recovered several years later.

The third Northern Expedition took place in 369 AD, and this time the opponent was Qian Yan who lost Murong Ke. Huan Wen, with Huan Chong, Yuan Zhen, Chi Chao, Zhu Xu and other generals, led a 50,000-strong army to triumph all the way, invincible, even the former Yan generals Murong Zhong, Murong Shirley, Murong Zang and others lost. Yan Qian had to cede territory to the Qin Dynasty for help, and even considered moving the capital back to Liuzhou, Liaodong. However, when the prospect was bright, Huan Wen met his strongest opponent-Mu Rongchui on the battlefield.

Mu Rongchui is a former king of Wu, and his talent is not below that of Murong Ke. He was famous and made outstanding achievements in the Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties when heroes came forth in large numbers. At this time, he became Yan Qian's life-saving straw. He got the former Yan emperor Murong? Is there any trouble? What about the release of liver twins? /p & gt；

Huan Wen met his arch-rival, Mu Rongchui, and met the problem of hay and Mu Rongchui several times, so he had to lead the army south. Huan Wen withdrew all the way, followed all the way, and finally found the right time in Xiangyi, and launched an attack on Huan Wen together with Murong De, who had already ambushed here. But Gou Chi, the former Qin general who came to reinforce, took the opportunity to fight Reservoir Dogs, Qian Yan and former Qin converging on Huan Wen, and Huan Wen suffered the biggest defeat in his life.

In this war, the Eastern Jin suffered heavy losses, killing more than 30,000 people. Huan Wen's third Northern Expedition ended in fiasco, which cast a shadow over Huan Wen's military career. However, the third Northern Expedition was also of far-reaching significance. In order to help the former Qin Dynasty, Yan Qian promised to cede the land west of Hulao Pass, but after defeating Huan Wen, Murong? シシ? What is the origin of the Song Dynasty? Hey? デデ? Servant? Is it healthy? /p & gt；

Huan Wen is neither loyal to Zu Ti, nor upright and upright; There is no fruitful result of swallowing mountains and rivers like Emperor Wu of Song. More is the internal intrigue of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Huan Wen's self-interest and the loss of fighters. The "Three North" is not so pure, but a tool to serve politics.

However, it was not easy for Huan Wen when the Eastern Jin Dynasty was desperate and muddled along. After the Second Northern Expedition to Luoyang, Huan Wen asked to move the capital, and the Eastern Jin monarchs and their subjects took it for granted. No one agrees that Sun Chuo, who won the title of Jiangdong, bluntly moved the capital to "a country that is happy and chaotic; If you go out of the place where you must be safe, you will be in danger of fatigue. "

The Eastern Jin Dynasty just wanted to live in the south of the Yangtze River and muddle along. At the same time, the gentry reached a balance, so it was easy to understand that Huan Wen was short of food and grass several times.

Fourth, power lies in the ruling and opposition parties.

After the failure of the third Northern Expedition, Huan Wen's reputation was greatly reduced. So Huan Wen improved his prestige by abolishing the emperor. In 372 AD, Huan Wen abolished Jin Emperor Sima Yi and made Sima Yi emperor. Sima Yi is a typical talkative person, who is both a friend and a political enemy with Huan Wen. In order to suppress the Yu family, Sima Yu asked Huan Wen to make a secretariat of Jingzhou. After Huan Wen continued to sit up, Sima Yi had to turn to suppress, from friends to political opponents. Sima Yi was afraid after he succeeded to the throne. Every time he sees Huan Wen, he sees Lacrimosa. Huan Wen can't say anything and can't do anything.

After that, Huan Wen continued to cut off dissidents and killed Sima successively? Sima Huang, Yu's family and Xie 'an, all roads lead to the same goal, and they met Huan Wen with the gift of monarch and minister.

Sima Yu died of illness after only eight months in office. Huan Wen thought that Sima Yi would pass on the throne to himself after his death. Unexpectedly, the imperial edict was changed by Wang He and Xie An, only waiting for a "story of Zhuge Wuhou and Prime Minister Wang" to assist Jinshi himself.

Huan Wen was disappointed. In 373 A.D., Huan Wen was seriously ill, and he still wanted the reward of "adding nine tin" from the imperial court on his deathbed, but Xie An and Wang Zaichao blocked it, changed the imperial edict again and again, and finally died in Huan Wen.

Throughout Huan Wen's life, he had the ambition to be an emperor. He was only one step away from being an emperor, but he never touched this goal. Until AD 403, Huan Xuan, the son of Huan Wen, proclaimed himself emperor in Jiankang, and Huan Wen was honored as Emperor Xuanwu.

5. Real celebrities come from romance.

Many people know Huan Wen not because of his literary talent, nor because of his Northern Expedition, nor because of his "Geng Xu Tu Duan", but because of Xin Qiji's sentence "The tree is so young! Who calls money, red scarf and green sleeves? H hero tears! " .

Huan Wen is an ambitious and lean man, which is out of place among celebrities in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Those celebrities call themselves romantic, but Huan Wen is the true romantic temperament. Huan Wen compared himself to Liu Kun. When an old maid said that he and Liu Kun didn't look so alike, Huan Wen "took off his hat and slept for several days", showing his true colors.

"It is not enough to pass on to future generations and cover up evil." Since ancient times, no lean man dared to speak this sentence as bluntly as Huan Wen did.

Huan Wen used to wear a military uniform, and his good friend Liu? Jishi? Is it obvious? The witch who tore up the wizard was shocked by the liver and pancreas? Play? Xuncai cuts rice? ","so China sank, a hundred years of mound ruins, Wang Yifu and others have to bear the responsibility! Monarchs and subjects in the Jin Dynasty advocated "officials do nothing and do everything", and no one missed their homeland. Although Huan Wen's starting point was for his own ambition, he went to the Northern Expedition. There is no denying that Huan Wen is a traitor and a thief in some ways, but if Jinting is bent on reunification, is Huan Wen willing to be Zu Ti?

I am me, a different kind of fireworks. I'm Huan from Xuanwu.