The opening of new sea routes, from the end of 15 to the beginning of 16, Europeans opened a new sea route across the Atlantic to America, bypassing the southern tip of Africa to India, and the success of the first round-the-world voyage, which was once called "geographical discovery" in history.

The early colonial expansion, on the one hand, plundered the resources and labor of the colony and brought profound disasters. On the other hand, the spread of advanced modes of production is conducive to the progress of colonial society and the strengthening of world ties.