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Development history of spherical tank
In 1930s, only a few countries in the world were able to manufacture spherical tanks, such as USA 19 10 and Germany 1930, and built a limited number of small low-pressure spherical tanks with riveted structure. Riveting structure not only has high labor intensity, but also consumes a lot of materials, and the spherical tank is poorly sealed and relatively difficult to manufacture, which brings great resistance to the development of spherical tanks.

In the early 1940s, with the gradual maturity of welding technology and the continuous development of new steel types suitable for welding, the manufacture of spherical tanks was changed from riveting to welding, so the technology was greatly developed. For example, the United States/KOOC-0/94/KOOC-0/year, the former Soviet Union/KOOC-0/944, Japan/KOOC-0/955, and the former West Germany/KOOC-0/958 respectively manufactured a number of welded spherical tanks with high pressure and large capacity.

Since the 1960s, the manufacturing level of spherical tanks has developed rapidly with the great improvement of comprehensive national strength and scientific and technological level of all countries in the world. Take Japan as an example. Before the 1960s, the volume of a single liquefied gas spherical tank was below 2000m3, and now it has the capacity to produce a single liquefied gas spherical tank with a volume of more than 20000m3. At the same time, West Germany has the capacity to produce spherical tanks with a volume of more than 43300m3, France has the manufacturing experience of spherical tanks with a volume of 87000m3, and the United States has also built ultra-low temperature liquid hydrogen spherical tanks with a volume of 3400m3 and a design temperature of -250℃. In addition, many industrialized countries have also carried out experimental research on double-shell cryogenic spherical tanks, cryogenic spherical tanks and cryogenic large-scale marine spherical tanks for transporting LNG, which have been put into mass production.

The manufacture of spherical tanks in China began in the early 1960s. However, with the rapid development of national economy and the need of reform and opening up, the manufacturing technology of spherical tanks has developed rapidly in recent years. At present, China has independently manufactured or imported several sets of spherical tanks with different specifications and uses, with the maximum volume exceeding 10000m3, the maximum pressure exceeding 3MPa and the minimum design temperature below -30℃.