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How to understand the role of science and technology in social development
Science and technology is a compound concept, and science and technology are both different and related. "Science" is an understanding of the objective world and a knowledge system that reflects objective facts and laws and their related activities. It is mainly divided into natural science, social science and thinking science. "Technology" has a broad sense and a narrow sense. Technology in a broad sense includes production technology and non-production technology; Technology in a narrow sense refers to production technology, that is, the methods and means for human beings to transform nature and carry out production.

First of all, the scientific and technological revolution is a powerful lever to promote economic and social development.

Science and technology, especially the scientific and technological revolution, is "a revolutionary force that has played a driving role in history". Marx once made an incisive and vivid summary of the great historical role of science and technology, and thought that science was a "powerful lever of history" and a "revolutionary force in the highest sense". He called gunpowder, compass and printing as three great inventions that predicted the arrival of capitalist society. Gunpowder shattered the aristocratic knight class in feudal society, compass helped the bourgeoisie to open the world market and establish colonies, and printing was called the means of scientific revival. Modern division of labor and the application of steam engines and machines have become "/kloc-three levers used by industry to shake the foundation of the old world since the middle of the 8th century".

Since modern times, the scientific and technological revolution has greatly promoted the progress of social history. For example,/kloc-the scientific and technological revolution marked by the invention of the steam engine in the 0/8th century; /kloc-the scientific and technological revolution marked by the invention of electric power at the end of 0/9 and the beginning of the 20th century; Since the mid-20th century, the utilization of atomic energy and the development of computer and space technology have been the main signs, especially the scientific and technological revolution marked by high technologies such as information technology, new materials, new energy, bioengineering and ocean engineering. Every revolution has produced profound changes in life and way of thinking and great progress in society to varying degrees.

Specifically, the profound influence of science and technology on the mode of production is as follows: First, it has changed the composition of social productive forces. The second is to change people's labor forms. Third, the social and economic structure has changed. The great influence on lifestyle is as follows: First, the explosion of knowledge is accompanied by the development of scientific and technological revolution, which requires us to constantly update and enrich new knowledge, and science and technology has brought great convenience to our study. Second, science and technology have improved labor productivity and created more development opportunities for people. Finally, the influence on the change of thinking mode: first, the scientific and technological revolution changes the social environment, thus promoting social development. Second, conduct new research in the new knowledge theory structure and social organization structure.

However, the role of science and technology is twofold. Science and technology is a double-edged sword, which can not only benefit mankind by promoting economic and social development, but also bring negative consequences to human survival and development under certain conditions. Such as: the expansion of human activities, such as the formation of the world village; The unbalanced development of science and technology has caused harm to human beings: the harm of negative functions of science and technology (such as the extensive use of DDT pesticides, which has a lasting toxic effect on people and organisms); Harm to the out-of-control management of science and technology (such as nuclear power plant accidents will have a serious impact on human health and ecological environment); High-tech crime (such as computer network has been used for crime); The development and application of science and technology have caused ethical problems in important scientific and technological fields such as life, resources and environment, information network and space.

Einstein once profoundly analyzed that "our time is proud of its progress in the rational development of human beings." ..... Of course, we must be careful not to regard reason as our god; Although it has a strong body, it has no humanity. ..... Reason has a keen eye for methods and tools, but it is really blind to purpose and value. ""caring for people themselves should always be the main goal of all technological struggles; Concerned about how to organize people's labor and product distribution, so as to ensure that our scientific and ideological achievements benefit mankind, rather than become a scourge. "This kind of analysis is worth pondering.

Therefore, we should have a clear understanding of science and technology in order to do better in economic and social development. Simply put, the development of economy and environmental energy through science and technology are mutually influenced and restricted. Economic development can provide material guarantee for environmental protection, but if we blindly develop the economy without paying attention to environmental protection, it will destroy the environment and affect economic development.