Anhui Fushan National Geopark is located in Zongyang County, Anhui Province, 36 kilometers away from Zongyang County and 40 kilometers away from Tongcheng. Its waterway can reach the Yangtze River directly, with a total area of 76 square kilometers. Geoparks belong to volcanic landforms. Fushan volcano is well preserved, with typical shape, nearly circular plane, about 4km2 in diameter and about 14km2 in area. The ground is a basin depression with one side high and the middle low, which is a typical collapsed volcanic depression with complete lithofacies types and clearly visible structural characteristics. There are compound domes, craters, volcanic bells, volcanic slag (pumice) and lava flows, annular and radial cracks, turtle cracks and so on. In the area from Lianhua to Yuntifeng in Fushan, on the weak ignimbrite layer formed by volcanic ash flow, a large area of irregular polygonal fracture structure is often exposed, showing the unique remains of cooling shrinkage of layered volcanic rocks. Cracks regularly extend downward perpendicular to the rock stratum, forming columnar joints, and weathering and leaching along this group of joints form a steep peak forest landscape. In the ignimbrite formed by volcanic ash flow, there are vertical pore structures. This pore structure is formed by the continuous escape of volatiles from the ash flow of hot pyroclastic rocks during the consolidation process. The Island Snow Wave Scenic Area in Fushan Scenic Area is a typical natural section of volcanic ash flow, and each volcanic ash flow represents a volcanic eruption. Fushan is a broken volcano formed by the Cretaceous volcanic eruption from 65.438+0.35 billion to 65 million years, and its current shape is the result of the disintegration and collapse of its original volcanic cone. The characteristics and rhythmic sequence of volcanic rocks reflect the characteristics of volcanic activity and the formation process of volcanic institutions in Fushan period. Fushan volcanic rock has a complete rhythmic sequence and typical geological phenomena, which is the most representative rock field in Mesozoic volcanic rock areas at home and abroad. Fushan volcano has been identified as a typical representative of "Fushan Cycle" volcanic rocks by stratigraphic code, China, which is of geological significance.
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There are many famous mountains in Anhui, including Huangshan Mountain, Jiuhua Mountain and Tianzhu Mountain ... domestic and foreign tourists can name one or two. Fushan, located in Zongyang County, is also a famous historical mountain in Anhui Province. Its altitude is not high and its area is not large. It is called Xiaojiabiyu, but it is equally amazing in the world.
Geological form
The park is an ancient volcanic eruption center with a certain scale. The ancient volcanic landforms are well preserved, and volcanic structural elements such as craters, annular faults, radial faults, collapsed volcanic depressions and composite domes are clearly visible. The unique volcanic landscape of Fushan lies in its volcanic fracture mechanism. Especially Fushan Broken Volcano, its volcanic landform is well preserved, with typical shape, approximate circular plane, diameter of about 4 square kilometers and area of about 14 square kilometers. The ground shape is a basin-shaped depression with high sides and low middle, which belongs to a typical collapsed volcanic depression with complete lithofacies types and clear structural characteristics. There are compound domes, craters, volcanic bells, volcanic slag (pumice) and lava flows, annular and radial cracks, turtle cracks and so on. From Lotus Peak to Yunti Peak in Fushan Mountain, a large area of irregular polygonal turtle crack structure is often exposed on the weak ignimbrite layer formed by volcanic ash flow, showing the unique remains of cooling shrinkage of layered volcanic rocks. The cracks extend vertically to the rock formation, forming columnar joints. Along this group of joints, weathering and leaching form steep peak forest landscapes such as "Hundred Buddhas to Buddha". In the weak ignimbrite formed by volcanic ash flow, it is found that there are pore structures distributed continuously on the vertical plane. This pore structure is formed by the continuous escape of volatiles during the consolidation process of hot pyroclastic ash flow containing volatiles. The Island Snow Wave Scenic Area in Fushan Scenic Area is a typical natural section of volcanic ash flow, and each volcanic ash flow represents a volcanic eruption.
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Geological and historical significance
Fushan is a broken volcano formed by volcanic eruption in Cretaceous (about 65.438+0.35 billion to 65 million years ago), and its current form is the result of the disintegration and collapse of its original volcanic cone. The characteristics and rhythmic sequence of volcanic rocks reflect the characteristics of volcanic activity and the formation process of volcanic institutions in Fushan period. Fushan volcanic rock has a complete rhythmic sequence and typical geological phenomena, which is the most representative rock field in Mesozoic rough volcanic rock areas in China, and it is rare in known Mesozoic volcanic rock areas abroad. Fushan volcanic rock was identified by stratigraphic code, China as a typical representative of "Fushan Cycle" volcanic rock, which has important geological significance.
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In short, in Fushan National Geopark, caves and valleys are hidden in secluded places, and the cliffs are towering; Strange peaks and rocks have their own merits. What's more, the clear water is circuitous, the valleys are vertical and horizontal, and the beautiful scenery is natural and breathtaking. In addition, the cultural landscape of Fushan Mountain is rich and colorful, leaving many precious cultural relics.