/KOOC-0/93/KOOC-0/September/8, 2008/KOOC-0/8, under the arrangement of the Japanese Kwantung Army, the railway "guard" blew up the Nanman railway track near Shenyang Liutiao Lake (built by China and later occupied by Japan) and planted the Japanese army.
The Japanese army used this as an excuse to shell Shenyang Beidaying on the grounds of "September 18th Incident". The next day, the Japanese army invaded Shenyang and successively invaded the three northeastern provinces. 1February 932, the whole northeast fell.
From then on, the Japanese established the puppet regime of Manchukuo in the northeast of China, and began to enslave and colonize the northeast people for 14 years. The "September 18th Incident" is the inevitable result of Japanese imperialism's long-term policy of aggression and expansion against China.
But also an important step in the attempt to turn China into its exclusive colony. At the same time, it marked the beginning of the world anti-fascist war and kicked off the eastern battlefield of World War II.
2. treaty of shimonoseki
According to China's calendar, 1894, the time when the war broke out was the Sino-Japanese War, so it was called the Sino-Japanese War. During the Meiji Restoration, Japan embarked on the capitalist road, actively invaded and expanded abroad, and determined a "mainland policy" centered on China.
At this time, the Qing Dynasty was an empire exposed to the world through the Westernization Movement, with political corruption, poor people's lives, intrigue among various factions in the officialdom, strong national defense and military, and lax discipline.
The world's major capitalist countries are gradually transitioning to imperialism, and Japan's aggression has been supported by western powers to some extent. 1894, the East Learning Party uprising broke out in North Korea, and the North Korean government forces were successively defeated and forced to ask for help from the sovereign state of the Qing Dynasty.
Japan took the opportunity to send troops to Korea and deliberately provoked war. 1On July 25th, 894, the naval battle of Toyota broke out and the Sino-Japanese War began. Because Japan had planned for a long time, the Qing dynasty rushed to fight.
The war ended with the defeat of China and the annihilation of the Beiyang Navy. Under the military pressure of Japanese militarism, the Qing government in China signed the treaty of shimonoseki in April 1895.
3. Sino-French War
The Sino-French War was also a war of the Qing Dynasty (French: GuerrerFranco-Chinoise), which lasted from1February 883 to1April 885 (Guangxu1February 9 to February1day).
The first stage of the battlefield was in northern Vietnam; The second phase extended to the southeast coast of China. In the course of the war, although Lu Haijun gained the upper hand in most battles, it could not achieve a strategic victory that decided the overall situation: although the French Far East Fleet won a great victory in the naval battle.
Keelung was once captured, but due to the defeat of Huwei (now Danshui Town, Taipei County) and the epidemic situation, the strategic goal of capturing Taiwan Province Island could not be achieved. Although the early Qing army suffered a fiasco.
The game is led by Prince Gong? The military department and foreman were completely replaced (Shen Jia Yishu), but the defense of Taiwan Province and Hangzhou Bay was successful in the later period, and Feng Zicai commanded the battle of Nanguan in various towns, which brought heavy casualties to the French army.
Nigri, commander-in-chief of the French army, was also seriously injured. The failure of the war directly led to the collective collapse of French Prime Minister Rufyiri and other cabinets. Taking this opportunity, the two countries resumed peace talks, which led to the conclusion of the New Covenant between China and France, and the Qing side recognized France's suzerainty over the French Indian colony of zhina.
The two countries reopened trade. Affected by this war, the Qing court set up a province in Taiwan Province Province, with Liu Mingchuan as the governor, vigorously promoted modern defense and the New Deal, and actively established the Beiyang Navy.
4. Nanjing Massacre
The Nanjing Massacre refers to the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period 193 1 to 1945, China, during which the Republic of China was defeated in the defense of Nanjing, and the capital of Nanjing was 1937, 12, 13 (scholars believe that it began at/kloc. ) autumn after that.
Under the command of the commander of the Central China Dispatching Army Matsui Shigen and the head of the Sixth Division Gu Shoufu, the Japanese invaders carried out bloody atrocities such as organized, planned and premeditated slaughter, rape, arson and robbery in Nanjing and its vicinity for six weeks.
In the Nanjing Massacre, a large number of civilians and prisoners of war were killed by the Japanese army, and countless families were fragmented. The number of people killed in the Nanjing Massacre exceeded 300,000. ?
5. Burning Yuanmingyuan
In a narrow sense, burning Yuanmingyuan refers to burning Yuanmingyuan. Broadly speaking, the burning area is not just a Yuanmingyuan, but the royal three mountains and five gardens in the west of Beijing. The scope and extent of burning are much larger than that of Yuanmingyuan.
In the tenth year of Xianfeng (1860), after the British and French allied forces captured Beijing, they occupied Yuanmingyuan. China's defenders were outnumbered, and Wenfeng, the chief minister of Yuanmingyuan, committed suicide by throwing himself into Fuhai. Chang Ai, who lived in the garden, was scared to death. With the support of British Prime Minister Pa Max Don, British leader Elgin.
Ordered the burning of Yuanmingyuan. 3,500 British and French troops rushed into Yuanmingyuan and set fire to it. The fire didn't go out for three days. Yuanmingyuan and its nearby Qingyi Garden, Jingming Garden, Jingyi Garden, Changchun Garden and Haidian Town were all burned into ruins.
In Anyou Palace, nearly 300 eunuchs, maids-in-waiting, and craftsmen were buried in the sea of fire. Turn this world-famous garden into ruins. The fire burned for three days and nights and became a rare atrocity in the history of world civilization.
Baidu Encyclopedia-September 18th Incident
Baidu Encyclopedia-treaty of shimonoseki
Baidu Encyclopedia-Sino-French War
Baidu Encyclopedia-Nanjing Massacre
Baidu encyclopedia-burning Yuanmingyuan