Brief introduction of Tianjin xiaoyang building
These small buildings are concentrated on Chengdu Road, Chongqing Road, Munan Road, Dali Road and Changde Road, with different architectural styles, beautiful shapes and exquisite decorations. At that time, except for some westerners, most of the people who lived in these luxurious houses were relatives of the Qing Dynasty, old and young, presidents, commanders-in-chief and overseers during the Beiyang government. There are some businessmen who are rich and famous. They regard Tianjin as an ideal place to build "small mansions" and villas, because Tianjin is close to the capital where they live and the transportation is convenient.
Almost all the foreign buildings in Tianjin have a history of several decades to hundreds of years, and most of the owners who built them are gone. However, some small buildings abroad have aroused great interest and reverie of contemporary people with their fame and anecdotes. For example, a light gray building on Freedom Road is an "ice drinking room" created by Liang Qichao, a modern scholar in China, at his desk every day. Xiaoyanglou used to be an important residential community in Tianjin, but now Xiaoyanglou culture is an integral part of Tianjin culture. The Xiaoyanglou in Tianjin, like the quadrangles in Beijing, has always been regarded as the most important symbol of these two cities. 、
What are the styles of Tianjin Xiaoyanglou?
History has left Tianjin with nearly a thousand exquisite and unique foreign small buildings. After the Second Opium War, Tianjin became a concession of nine countries. A large number of European architects were ingenious in the arena of Tianjin, and eventually left a large number of colorful western-style buildings on both sides of the Haihe River. These modern buildings are magnificent, small and exquisite, vigorous and solemn, rich and elegant, with their own characteristics. There are classical styles known for their quietness and solemnity, Gothic styles known for their grandeur and grandeur, Baroque styles amazed by their vast and bizarre spatial perspectives, and romantic styles known for their richness and boldness. In modeling, there are minarets, domes and pavilions; In terms of characteristics, it is even more varied, from the British style that expresses wooden frames and pays attention to Spanish style to German, French, Italian, Japanese and Dutch style. ....
1. In the five major areas where small buildings are concentrated, such as Machang Road, Munan Road, Dali Road, Changde Road and Chongqing Road, as well as Chengde Road and Huayuan Road, the steep roofs of many small buildings meet each other, cut at will, or protrude from the attic, or add more buildings, which makes the whole building full of rhythm. Its material texture and color are accurate, soft, simple, colorful and diverse. The walls of arch windows and porches are in sharp contrast with the red brick walls plastered with light cement. Some of them use mushroom stone as leggings and brown tiles as leggings, which are in harmony with the natural walls. All kinds of gates, fences, courtyards, steps, paths, paving stones, paving stones, railings ... greening is more colorful. The cadre club on Racecourse Road was originally a township friendship club, which is a typical English small building. Designers here fully mobilized architectural decoration techniques, outlined associations with symbols, and created an ancient and romantic European atmosphere with symbolic techniques. The roof of Xiaoyanglou adopts the exposed way of British hammer semi-roof truss, and the architectural shape is a simplified classical colonnade. Its stigma, semi-circular coupons, arched windows, cement floral decorations and multiple cement moldings exude a strong British rural architecture. The heavy teak door seems to tell you a story of the past. Architectural style, symbolic ornaments and antique style are integrated, so there is association and atmosphere. Red flowers and green trees, leaves ringing in the wind, butterflies flying on the leaves covered with sunshine, birds spreading their wings and flying into the blue sky, and architects painted a touching English pastoral scenery with jumping strokes.
Second, the types of columns used in Tianjin Xiaoyanglou are mostly Onek and Corinthian columns. For example, the facade of Kailuan Mining Bureau Building (now the office building of the Municipal Party Committee) adopts classical column composition, and the Onek giant column on the front is gorgeous and beautiful, with light proportion and exquisite carving. The obvious sign of Onek's love for the column is that the ends of the stigma are gently rolled up in a spiral shape, and the column body has longitudinal grooves. The groove of Onek column and the vertical rhythm and beautiful rhythm of the pleats of ancient Greek statue clothes are different in shape, isomorphic but have the same effect. Love the soft scroll of Onek's stigma, which naturally reminds people of the hairstyle of Greek female statues. The Sino-French Industrial and Commercial Bank Building (now the Municipal Federation of Trade Unions) has a Corinthian colonnade with 65,438+00 columns symmetrically arranged on both sides with the main entrance as the center. Corinthian stigma is inverted bell-shaped, surrounded by serrated leaves, and its beautiful pattern is authentic carving-carving on plants, which is composed of carved patterns such as Ranunculus ternatus leaves, flower sockets and flower stems. The lines are vivid and the painting axis is beautiful, just like a colorful flower basket. The light emphasizes the transparency of Corinthian colonnade, accompanied by light and shadow, and depicts a clear footing. The exquisite lines and proportions of the pillars are refreshing.
Third, the long-term historical accumulation has made the roofs of Xiaoyanglou a unique feature of Tianjin. The Mansel-style roof of Central Park makes people vaguely see the traces of medieval French bunker towers; The dome of the tent on Jiefang North Road is full, and the light pavilion is held high, which exudes a strong atmosphere of Russian architecture and Byzantine architecture. The double-eaved circular dome-shaped tower at the entrance of Chengde Road is dignified, beautiful and vivid, drawing lessons from the crafts of ancient Rome, Byzantium and Goth. The German-style small foreign building on Jiefang South Road has a red tile roof with steep slope, attic and tiger window on the roof, and the high spire stands tall, giving the city an exciting street view; The Italian corner pavilion is built on the roof of an Italian-style foreign small building around a palace circular square, which is beautiful in shape, straight and chic, adding charm to urban space; The Gothic church in Wanghailou has a strong upward trend at the top of the tower, which leads people's eyes to the sky and makes people have an extraordinary spirit. The bell tower in front seems to concentrate the momentum of the whole building and complete a blow to the sky with a cross. The building roof is the main part of the street, square and even the city outline, so it is often regarded by the city as one of the symbols to show the architectural style and characteristics of this area. Tianjin Xiaoyanglou has a unique shape and has gradually become a local style and a major architectural feature of Tianjin. Tianjin New Railway Station, built in 1988, has a steel tower on the main roof, which is in harmony with the towers of Quanyechang and Zhonghui Hotel on both sides of Haihe River, enriching the outline of urban space.
Fourth, there are many and varied windows in Xiaoyanglou. In some small buildings, parallel arched windows are used repeatedly to form rhythmic patterns, which are as strong as the main theme in music and run through the whole movement. Some small buildings use bricks of different colors to form various window covers, and the composition is ingenious and vivid; In some small buildings, semi-circular and triangular window eyebrows are alternately arranged, and the love Onek columns on both sides of the window frame and the luxurious iron railings in front of the window play a strong decorative role; Other windows are arched, and there are baroque broken mountain flowers on the window eyebrows, which are gorgeous and exquisite and have a strong decorative interest. In the small Gothic building, the round window is a brilliant architectural art form, which changes from wheel shape to rose shape, and then from rose shape to flame shape.
Five, a successful building, in addition to attractive external form, must also have rich changes and combinations of internal space. Xiaoyanglou, No.9 Huayuan Road, used to be the residence of wealthy businessmen, with a unique, simple and elegant style, which is unmatched by other painting and printing techniques. The semi-circular glass window in front of the indoor hall is composed of small glasses of various colors. The flower pattern with flying lines emphasizes the transparent, hazy and meaningful feeling, and the fine taste is endless. The ceiling in the lobby of Salt Industry Bank (now Industrial and Commercial Bank of China) is made of gold and other materials. The algae wells are inlaid with colored glass, and the staircases are pasted with colored glass windows, forming a scene of drying salt. Feet, walls, colonnades and cornices are all sculptures combining Chinese and western styles. Exquisite floral decoration, soft colors, unique connotation and awe-inspiring atmosphere have left a shock to every visitor. The height of the hall in Yokohama Zhengjinyinhang (now Bank of China) building runs through the first and second floors, and there are nine squares inlaid with colored glass in the center of the top, forming a square lighting glass roof. Looking up through the glass ceiling, you can talk to the sun and communicate with the stars at any time. There are four large-scale luxury suspended ceilings under it, and there are very fine gypsum relief flowers on the top of the hall, which will show everyone's elegant demeanor to the fullest. German Club (now CPPCC Club) has formed a very rich spatial combination by using the complex shape change of the hall and the vertical penetration of the stairs. The columns and railings of the stairs are beautifully carved, and the railings are made into two continuous small arches with clouds carved in the middle. The pillars are engraved with twisted rope patterns, each with a statue on it. The spear in the right hand and the shield in the left hand are lifelike, highlighting the ancient artistic conception and pushing the whole interior decoration style to a climax. The fireplace, chandelier, partition, coupon surface and coupon foot all adopt baroque decoration techniques, creating a medieval European atmosphere. Today, after numerous developments and changes in the interior decoration of buildings, we stand in this hall and are still shocked by its elegant beauty. Its majestic bearing, elegant and soft colors, exquisite and unique details are all memorable.
The above is the style of Tianjin Xiaoyanglou, hoping to deepen your understanding of Tianjin Xiaoyanglou! Tianjin is a lonely city. The prosperity and excitement of Xiaoyanglou seems to have gradually fallen into silence with the end of the Beiyang government era. Although the elegance of history has faded, it has left a deep imprint on this city.
Tubatu Online provides you with "every decoration quotation, 1-4 local decoration companies, 3 sets of decoration design schemes" and the decoration pit avoidance strategy for free! Click this link:/Zhu Ye /zxbj-cszy.php? to8to _ from = SEO _ zhidao _ m _ jiare & amp； Wb, you can get it for free ~