This set of books was planned and compiled by the National Museum. Starting with the topic close to children's life, it is easier to establish various connections between history and reality. [Like] [Like] [Like]
This book focuses on the development and progress of transportation in history. As modern people, we have various means of transportation to choose from, such as airplanes, trains, ships and bicycles. In ancient times, even in ancient times, technology was far less developed than it is now. What do people travel on? Let's explore and discover together! [Applause] [Applause] [Applause]
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Look, the man in the picture is delivering food! At that time, people could only travel with their feet. The tool for transporting food is called a "pry". As the name implies, it is to hollow out the trunk, put food in the hollowed-out place and run on the grass, mud or snow. The person in front pulls, and the person behind pushes. Later, people found that it was easier to pry down a small cylindrical trunk, which evolved into a wheel, so cars appeared.
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There is a road on the ground. What should I do when I meet a river? People see that tree trunks can float on the water. They used stone knives and axes to dig grooves in the trunk to make canoes, which were water vehicles in the early history. The evolution of the hieroglyph "ship" is vivid. What if there are stones in the rushing river? People invented the paddle, which can not only control the direction, but also speed up.
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Cars in the Shang Dynasty were used to transport things and also to fight. At that time, there was an interesting way of fighting. This rule is called "lefty". People on the left drive, while people on the right attack with weapons. Turn the car to the left so that the people on the right can meet. Ge is an ancient weapon.
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During the Warring States period, Zhao learned to ride horses and fight. They learned to train horses, ride horses and use bows and arrows, which is very flexible. Therefore, Zhao became one of the Seven Heroes in the Warring States Period. Besides fighting by horse, it is also very convenient to travel by horse at ordinary times, and horses are cheaper than cars. In order to sit firmly on horseback, people invented saddles and stirrups, which are very safe!
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During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the carriage ran on the road all the year round, and two deep ruts were rolled on the road. However, the size of vehicles in each vassal state is different, and the distance between tracks is also different, which makes driving very inconvenient. After Qin Shihuang unified the whole country, he ordered that the distance between two wheels must be unified when building a car. This is the famous "same rail car" in history.
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During the Qin and Han dynasties, shipbuilding technology became higher and higher, and people invented the rudder. It can control the direction and route like the steering wheel of a car. The rudder is different from the steering wheel. It is at the stern of the ship, just like the tail of a fish.
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In Shang dynasty, people invented the single-track car. In the Han dynasty, people invented the double iron car. Just need a horse, don't worry about the trouble between horses. In the Han dynasty, people also invented all kinds of fun cars, including deer cars, drum cars in their minds, parallel cars, axe cars, stack cars, porch cars and so on.
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This is a mural of the travel map of horses and chariots in Han Dynasty. The status and status of passengers can be seen from the ostentation and extravagance of traveling cars and horses. Look, this is really extravagant!
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Hey, who is the man riding a horse in the photo? What's he holding in his hand? Just like our present postman, he is an ancient courier. Riding a horse to deliver letters, if the journey is long, there is a specially set post station for them to rest, and they can also transfer to horses, because horses will be very tired!
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This is the famous Silk Road in history and an important channel for economic and cultural exchanges between eastern and western countries. The Silk Road mainly relied on camels to help it. The Silk Road starts from Chang 'an or Luoyang.
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In ancient times, water transportation between north and south was very inconvenient, so Emperor Yang Di ordered people to build a Grand Canal from north to south. The Grand Canal is the earliest and longest artificial river dug in ancient China. The Yuan Dynasty revised the route of the Grand Canal to make the transportation of grain and goods faster. Until now, people have been building it one after another.
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The canal has promoted the development of coastal economy, and all walks of life have opportunities for development. The famous silk in Hangzhou has been sold all over the country. Yangzhou meets the Yangtze River in the Grand Canal, where people and goods "transit".
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Look, there are various bridges in ancient China, such as Zhao Zhouqiao, Yudai Bridge, Guangji Bridge, Xianju Bridge and so on. Is there a bridge you crossed in the picture? Have you ever been to Beijing to see Lugou Bridge?
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In the Ming Dynasty, China became more and more powerful, and its navigation technology was ahead of the world. Emperor Judy of the Ming Dynasty built the largest fleet and visited countries at sea. Zheng He was the leader at that time. This is the famous Zheng He's voyage to the West in history. When the fleet went, it was full of all kinds of porcelain and silk, and when it came back, it brought back many foreign spices and exotic animals. Haha, Zheng He is like a modern diplomat!
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It is not so easy to open up sea routes. Later, people invented watertight cannons to reduce the risk of sinking and store things. The compass was also invented at that time. You can try to make a Shui Piao compass!
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These cultural relics are the testimony of the wisdom crystallization of ancient laborers in China! It also plays a vital role in our historical research.
Parents should be slower when explaining to their children. It will be easier to understand by giving more examples from life. [yi tooth]