1959 12 In September, the former Soviet Union's "Lunar 2" probe was launched, and two days later, it landed in the Jinghai of the Moon, realizing the first flight of human beings from one celestial body to another. In the same year, 101October 7, the former Soviet Union's "Lunar 3" probe successfully took the world's first photo of the back of the moon.

19665438+1October 3 1, the former Soviet "Luna 9" probe, after flying for 39 hours, achieved its first soft landing near the moon storm ocean.

1970 On September 20th, the former Soviet Union's "Moon 16" probe made a soft landing on the moon's rich surface. For the first time, it collected 120g lunar rock samples with a drill bit and brought them back to Earth. In the 1960s, the United States launched nine "wandering" and seven "reconnaissance" lunar probes according to its huge "Apollo moon landing plan", bringing back tens of thousands of photos of the moon. Later, it landed the Apollo manned spacecraft and launched five lunar orbiters to provide detection data for its landing site. At the same time, 10 Apollo manned moon landing experiment never took people to near-earth orbit, took people to simulate the moon landing flight, and finally took people to the moon for rehearsal. At this point, the United States has completed all the preparations for landing on the moon.

1On July 6th, 969, the American "Apollo 1 1" spacecraft carrying Armstrong, Aldrin and Collins rose into the sky at the Cape Canaveral Space Center. The goal of this flight is the moon, which is the first flight of mankind. After 75 hours' flight, they reached the orbit of the moon. So Collins flew the command module around the moon, while Armstrong and Aldrin landed the lunar module in the offshore corner of the moon on July 20. Armstrong landed on the moon first, followed by Aldrin. They made a field scientific investigation on the surface of the moon, and inserted a metal commemorative plate on the moon, which read "1July, 969, people from the earth landed on the moon for the first time. We are representatives of all mankind and we come for peace. " They stayed on the moon for two days. After completing the mission to the moon, they entered the lunar module, left the moon and returned to the command module in the lunar orbit. After joining Corinth, they began to return to Earth. Safely return to that ground on the 24th, and completed this unprecedent space flight.

The lunar exploration project is the first stage of lunar exploration in China, that is, the development and launch of the first lunar exploration satellite. Chang 'e project is a completely independent innovation project, and it is also the first lunar exploration activity in China. The project was established on June 5438+ 10, 2004. At present, the product development of Chang 'e-1 satellite and Long March 3A carrier rocket and the construction of launch site, measurement and control and ground application system have been completed. It was successfully launched in xichang satellite launch center on October 24th, 2007. Lunar exploration is a very complicated and high-risk project. Up to now, human beings have launched a lunar probe 122 times, with 59 successes and a success rate of 48%. The success rate of China Long March 3A carrier rocket is 100%.

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