Luo Zhenyu entered a private school at the age of 5, and studied under Li Minshan, a descendant of Ganjia Puxue. He studied poetry at the age of 15, and was a scholar at the age of 16. Since childhood, I have devoted myself to studying classics and exegesis, paying attention to inscriptions and famous things, especially to the textual research of classics and history, and studying classics and historical figures. At the age of 20, he devoted himself to studying ancient inscriptions, wrote "Reading the Biography of Monuments" and began to write books.
1890, Luo Zhenyu taught private schools in rural areas. After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, he was deeply shocked and thought that only by learning from the West could he strengthen his national strength. So he devoted himself to studying agriculture. Together with Jiang Bofu, he founded the "Agricultural Society" in Shanghai on 1896, and established the "Agricultural Newspaper" and the "Agricultural Magazine" which translated Japanese agricultural books. Since then, there have been more and more contacts with the Japanese. 1898 founded the "Oriental Literature Society" in Shanghai, teaching Japanese, and Wang Guowei, a well-known scholar with the same reputation as Liang Qichao, is the best among the students of the Oriental Literature Society.
/kloc-in the autumn of 0/900, he served as the prime minister and agricultural school supervisor of Hubei Agricultural Bureau. Later, he served as deputy director of Chu Jiang Compilation Bureau in Wuchang and president of Shanghai Nanyang Public School Hongkou Branch, and went to Japan to inspect education. 1903 was hired as an education consultant by Cen Chunxuan, Governor of Guangdong and Guangxi. The following year, he founded Jiangsu Normal School in Suzhou as an inspector. 1906, he was transferred to Beijing, where he served as department counselor and agricultural supervisor of Shi Jing University.
19 1 1 After the outbreak of the Revolution of 1911, Luo Zhenyu fled to Kyoto with his family. During this period, he wrote Pre-compilation of Yin Ruins, Post-compilation and Essence, and with the assistance of Wang Guowei, he wrote Textual Research of Yin Ruins and Slippery of Quicksand.
1965438+Returned to China in the spring of 2009, and held Beijing Flag disaster relief affairs in Tianjin.
192 1 year, participated in the organization of "Dunhuang Classic Collection".
1924 was called by Emperor Qing Fei and entered the study in the south. In June165438+1October of the same year, the Qing court expelled Feng Yuxiang from the palace, and he and Chen smuggled Puyi to the Japanese Embassy.
1925 Under the protection of the Embassy of China, 1925 accompanied Puyi to secretly transfer to Bird, a Japanese concession in Tianjin, and was appointed as his work consultant.
/kloc-moved to Lushun at the end of 0/928. Dayun starks. It contains more than 300,000 copies of the Five Elephant Classics of Dayun, epitaphs, inscriptions, calligraphy and paintings.
1March, 932, attended the ceremony of Puyi taking office as the ruler of Manchukuo, and wrote letters to foreign guests on behalf of Puyi. The puppet regime appointed him as the Senate, and later changed him to a temporary relief prison. In June of the following year, he served as the president of the Supervision Institute and the executive director of the Manchu Cultural Association.
1934, the puppet Manchukuo changed to imperial system, was invited as the preparatory committee of the ceremony, and was awarded the title of "One Xu Xun".
1936 President of Manchu Cultural Association.
In March of the following year, Luo Zhenyu returned to Lushun apartment and continued to sort out and publish historical materials of ancient cultural relics. He collected and sorted out archaeological materials such as Oracle bones, bronzes, bamboo slips, funerary wares and lost articles, and all of them were published in special collections, among which "Title Deed of Yin Ruins" and "Three Generations of Ji Jin Wencun" were widely circulated.
Luo Zhenyu, a knowledgeable and versatile man, has successively trained, Shang Chengzuo, Ke Changji, Guan Baiyi, Sun Baotian and their sons Luo Luo, who are outstanding experts in the modern history of China. In addition, he also made great achievements in collating, bibliography, surnames, religion and so on, and his works were handed down to future generations. He wrote more than 130 works and published more than 500 books in his life.
Luo Zhenyu was very conservative politically and always loyal to the Qing Dynasty. After the September 18th Incident, he followed Puyi, became a member of Manchukuo Senate and the president of Manchu Cultural Association, and was criticized as a "traitor" by people at that time.
1May 1940 14 died in Lushun at the age of 74.
Evaluation Guo Moruo wrote in the Preface to the Study of Ancient Society in China: "Luo Zhenyu, the minister of adherents of the Qing Dynasty, especially Wang Guowei, who died in diving two years ago, actually made some achievements in sorting out the cultural history of China. To liquidate the ancient society of China, we must take the achievements of Luo and Wang as the starting point. " Guo Moruo's evaluation of Luo Zhenyu accurately summarizes Luo Zhenyu's achievements and contributions to the study of Chinese studies.
The complete works of calligraphy exhibition;
The Postscript of Nanzong's Clothes
"Nanzong Art Bo Postscript Tail Volume II"
Jia Yun Chuang Man Manuscript
Preface to Tang Xueshi Engraving and Postscript
Tang xueshi carved postscript
Postscript of Tang Xue's Painting and Calligraphy
Song Weng's recent manuscripts
A and B co-edited Essays of Miancheng Jingshe.
On the Narrative Records of Tang Xue School Magazine Group Books
Record of Tang Xue School Magazine Group Books
Bingyin manuscript
Liao ju's manuscript
Liao bureau draft b
Song Weng's draft
Automobile dust removal and ventilation
Ding Wu manuscript
Final manuscript
The episode of the old man in Song Zhen
Song Zhen's Collection of Old People (Volume 3)
Liao Haiyin
The continuation of the three seas
Yin Ji Xu Wen Tan Tie
Collection of Yin Deficiency Characters
Two months of fusang.
50-day dream record
Polygonum flora
Cunzhuozhai
Classification of Roche Shangyu Branch
Textual research on the word Zhen bu in Yin Shang Dynasty
Read tablet notes 1
Reading tablet notes 2
Ophthalmic temporary research
Four volumes of "Records of Stone Corners"
A roll of popular proverbs
"Terracotta Warriors and Horses Lu Daily necessities" and "Shijiao Record (Volumes 3 and 4)"
Calligraphy collection:
Zhensongtang ancient celebrity law book
Gaochang mural
Book deed of yin ruins
Exquisite Book Deeds in Yin Ruins
Three generations in Jinjiwen Village
Luo Zhenyu was the first scholar who made great progress in the study of Oracle bones.
He collected nearly 20,000 pieces of Oracle bones from 1906, which was the largest collection in the early days. In addition to encouraging Liu E to compile "A Turtle Hidden in an Iron Cloud", he also personally visited the house and asked for help in finding the real origin of Oracle Bone Inscriptions-Xiaotun. Among Oracle Bone Inscriptions researchers, Luo Zhenyu occupies an important position as one of the "Four Great Halls of Oracle Bone Inscriptions" and is the founder of Oracle Bone Inscriptions. His contribution to Oracle Bone Inscriptions is mainly reflected in:
1. He collected, preserved and published a large number of original materials. He is the author of Fifty Days' Dream Record, Pre-compilation of Book Deeds in Yin Ruins (19 13), Exquisite Book Deeds in Yin Ruins (19 14) and Tieyun Hidden Tortoise (19/kloc). 1933 compiled "The Continuation of the Book of Yin Ruins". At the same time, he also compiled the Catalogue of Ancient Objects in Yin Ruins (19 16) and the postscript.
2. He took the lead in correctly judging the nature and unearthed place of Oracle Bone Inscriptions. He pointed out that Oracle Bone Inscriptions belonged to the Shang Dynasty and was a relic of the royal family. It is considered that it can represent the source of China's characters as a document, and it is more reliable as a historical material than an official history. At the same time, he also pointed out that the small village where Oracle bones came out of the ground was the ruins of Yin ruins and the capital of Yin Dynasty. This is of great significance to the later study of Oracle bones.
Since Oracle bones attracted the attention of collectors and scholars, antique dealers have concealed the real land for high profits. From the beginning, Luo Zhenyu devoted himself to investigating the real origin of Oracle bones, and confirmed that these Oracle bones were unearthed in the capital of the late Shang Dynasty and belonged to the relics of the Yin Dynasty. The textual research on the land and nature of Oracle bones directly led to the excavation of Yin deficiency syndrome in Anyang later. Luo Zhenyu sent people to Xiaotun not only to collect Oracle bones, but also found a number of unearthed objects that were not valued by antique dealers. Based on the literature records of "ancient divination used turtles, supplemented by animal bones", he thought that turtle bones should be "eclectic" when collecting Oracle bones. In Luo Huan's Travels to the Ancient Times, he recorded the topography and unearthed Oracle bones in the Yin Ruins, and made textual research and sketches on other unearthed objects, which became the first book to inspect the Yin Ruins on the spot and played a leading role in the formation and development of the whole Oracle bones research discipline.
He released a lot of words in the exam. Based on the characteristics of Oracle bone inscriptions and with reference to Shuowen Jiezi, he compared Oracle Bone Inscriptions with bronze inscriptions, ancient prose, seal script and seal script to explain the origin and evolution of characters. He also used glyphs or later documents to infer the original meaning of words and the relationship between true and false. 19 10 There are nearly 300 words in Textual Research on Zhenbu of Yin Shang Dynasty and nearly 500 words in Textual Research on Book of Yin Ruins, most of which are recognized by academic circles. 19 16 also compiled more than 1,000 words of Oracle Bone Inscriptions from unknown sources into a supplement to the Yin Ruins for discussion.
4. He initiated the method of Oracle Bone Inscriptions classification. In the book "Textual Research on Yin Ruins", Oracle Bone Inscriptions is divided into eight categories: Oracle, Divination, Oracle, Divination, Divination, Divination, Divination, Divination and Divination, which created a precedent for the classification of Oracle Bone Inscriptions in later generations.
5. Together with Wang Guowei, it proves the phenomenon of book closing in Oracle Bone Inscriptions. He also collected a lot of information on the study of bronze inscriptions. He is the author of Yin Wencun (two volumes, 19 17), Qin Jin Yanshi Ci (three volumes, 19 14) and Zhensongtang Jigu Literature and Art (16), with addenda. The collection of original materials on bronze inscriptions has had a great influence at home and abroad. He also put forward the idea of reading ancient inscriptions, put forward the method of comprehensive comparative study, and pointed out the value of inscriptions in philology. He studied Shi Guwen and wrote Textual Research on Shi Guwen (7 volumes, 19 16). Collected and sorted out the wooden slips of the Han and Jin Dynasties, and wrote books such as Slips of Quicksand (Hezuo, 19 14) and Textual Research on Slips of Quicksand (1934). In addition, he also wrote many works, such as Manna Shu Jian Zheng, Common Words and Ji Guo Discrimination. His works are rich in content, meticulous in screening, vast in achievements and brand-new in methods, and "provide us with countless real historical materials" (Guo Moruo's language).
Dunhuang academic Dunhuang studies have gone through 100 years. In 100 years, countless scholars have devoted their lives to this famous school. With the discovery of Nanbo 3 1 Dunhuang documents, Luo Zhenyu, a master of epigraphy, made a clearer contribution to Dunhuang studies, which was founded by Luo Zhenyu.
After the appraisal of Yin Ruins in Anyang, Henan Province, tens of thousands of precious cultural relics such as scrolls and stone carvings after Sui and Tang Dynasties were found in Dunhuang Grottoes in the northwest border. Foreigners raised their torches and plundered, but the Qing court didn't know. Luo Zhenyu spared no effort to prevent it from going abroad, but those who stayed at home did not escape bad luck. Hypocritical bureaucrats stretched out greedy black hands, colluded with each other to embezzle national treasures, thieves shouted to catch thieves, and some even stopped trucks, stole the essence, and cut off long scrolls after stealing them. Luo Zhenyu is a pioneer in the study of Dunhuang documents in China. He started this research with a solid knowledge of Chinese studies. 19 14, he and Wang Guowei jointly initiated and advocated the study of bamboo slips, and jointly opened up a new field of China research.
In the year of Xuantongyuan, he went to pelliot in Beijing, saw the Dunhuang manuscripts obtained by pelliot, and learned that there were thousands of documents in the Tibetan Sutra Cave. He urged the Ministry of Education to order Gan to supervise the stone chambers and send all the remaining suicide notes to the capital. This treasure arrived in Beijing in the autumn of Xuantong's second year and was finally stored in Shi Jing Library. We should also pay attention to purchasing and keeping scattered Dunhuang documents. Most of the documents and photos collected overseas are included in the Memoir of Mingsha Stone Room, the Continued Book of Mingsha Stone Room, the Ancient Books of Mingsha Stone Room, Three Kinds of Memoirs of Dunhuang Stone Room, the Memoir of Zhensongtang Xiao Xi, Dunhuang Stone Room Broken Gold, etc. He and Wang Guowei combined the photos of Han and Jin wooden slips discovered by Stein in Dunhuang and Lop Nur into. He is the author of Tang Xue School Magazine, Biography of Zhang Yichao and Guasha Cao Shi Chronology, and pays special attention to the research and arrangement of four traditional China manuscripts. In addition, the book deed of Yin Ruins, the three golden treasures and the cultural deposits, etc. Most of their works and prints are included in the complete works of Mr. Luo.
Luo Zhenyu, a master of Tibetan studies, is a typical master of Tibetan studies.
He should not only collect archaeological materials and calligraphy and painting such as Oracle Bone Inscriptions, bronzes, bamboo slips, funerary wares, etc., but also do enough research and collation.
There are more than 500,000 copies of Dayun's Wu Xiang Jing, epitaphs, rubbings, calligraphy and paintings. According to research, only "20,000 or 30,000 pieces" were collected before and after Oracle bones, and other collections such as bronzes, artifacts and inscriptions were also considerable.
Luo Zhenyu is good at understanding cultural relics and likes to study literature and history. From the Oracle bones in Yin ruins, wooden slips and epitaphs in Han and Jin dynasties to books, historical archives, treasures and coins in the court, he has conducted systematic research and written many monographs with high academic value. Luo Zhenyu's 4 1 year-old Admissions Department refused to travel because of its simple official business, so it had plenty of time to search for cultural relics and learn knowledge. "Every time I set foot in the factory, I try my best to search for antiques, paintings and calligraphy. Although my resources are limited, I dare not compete with foreign businessmen, but I don't leave anything behind. I often approve Shadebao, and others dislike me. " Luo Zhenyu obtained many precious cultural relics from Han Dynasty, Six Dynasties, Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty, which accumulated materials for its archaeological research.
Luo Zhenyu has made great efforts for the preservation and circulation of Dunhuang stone chamber suicide note. Dunhuang stone chamber suicide note is a thousand-year-old treasure newly discovered during Guangxu period in China. The so-called "stone chamber" refers to the Mogao Grottoes (commonly known as the Thousand Buddha Cave) in Dunhuang, Gansu. There are abundant scriptures and Xiu Xiang in the grottoes, which are the treasures of China's culture and art, but they were seized by Stein and Boccio. In order to preserve the "robbery surplus" of Chinese culture, Luo Zhenyu rushed to raise funds, determined to donate all his salary and buy the remaining scrolls. Later, he advocated raising funds to photocopy Dunhuang suicide note, which was described in his preface to Mingsha Stone Room.
He also devoted himself to preserving the historical materials of the Cabinet and collecting the Ming Dynasty museums. The big library is the place where the Qing cabinet kept files and books. The library is divided into east and west parts. The east library stores records, sermons and life records. This cabinet is in charge of this room. Most of the books in the Western Library are the remains of Wen Yuan Pavilion in Ming Dynasty, while the archives are palace examination's titles, plays and volumes. These are precious historical documents and important cultural heritage of China.
Due to the turbulent situation, most of the treasures were stolen and scattered outside. Knowing this, Luo Zhenyu took the initiative to preserve, sort out and classify books. He tried directly or indirectly to persuade Wen Xiang and Rong Yan to save and organize archives. Although Wen Xiang agrees with this, he thinks that precise destruction is a problem and shirks it. Luo Zhenyu negotiated with the director of Huiji to move the library files to imperial academy, and negotiated with my students in imperial academy. He was allowed to mediate after several conflicts. After many twists and turns, these historical materials were finally preserved.
After the Revolution of 1911, the relevant departments of the Republic of China did not pay due attention to these historical materials, and some of them almost suffered the misfortune of being transformed into resurrection papers. Hearing this, Luo Zhenyu hurriedly bought it back at a price three times higher than the original price, which has been preserved. 19 19 Spring, Luo Zhenyu returned from Japan with his family and settled in Tianjin. First, I rented three small buildings in Tianjin to store books and cultural relics, and also rented more than 20 houses to accommodate my family and relatives. A year later, Roche built his own house in Tianjin, several of which were specially used to store a large number of historical materials and files, so Mo Wen antiques had a new home.
Luo Zhenyu loved the past as much as his own life, and he had a deep passion for preserving cultural relics and ancient books. He especially cherished the paintings and calligraphy of the Qing emperors. While mounting and collecting the original, he specially copied the "Cold Year" plaque presented by the Qing emperor and hung it in the middle of the living room of his Tianjin apartment. There are many antique shops in Daluotian Theater in Tianjin Japanese Concession. Every time Luo Zhenyu met the paintings and calligraphy of the Qing emperor, he bought back the collection anyway, and once even got a couplet from Puyi to his master Chen. During his stay in Tianjin, Luo Zhenyu had a lot of academic cooperation and exchanges with another master of Chinese studies, Wang Guowei. Luo Zhenyu not only financially supported Wang Guowei, but also provided a lot of research materials and pointed out the research methods, which had an important influence on his political and academic views. It can also be said that Wang Guowei, one of the "four great mentors" in Tsinghua in the future, accumulated part of his cultural background in Tianjin Luojia.
Luo Zhenyu's collection of paintings, bronzes, ancient books, bamboo slips, funerary wares, archives of Qing Dynasty, etc. Known as the wealth of mountains and seas. This collection has been compiled into Three Generations of Ji Jin Literature, Calligraphy of Four Gentlemen of Wumingmen, celebrity calligraphy of Zhensongtang Dynasties, and the Essence of Gaochang Murals. It has made great contributions to the rescue of archives in Ming and Qing Dynasties and the collection of Wen Yuan Pavilion. 1922, the former museum of history purchased 9 000 bags of old books and 15000 Jin of large-scale literature, and built a "library" for collection. Private libraries are rich, including Kong Guangtao, Guangdong and many ancient books. There are several copies of Yongle Dadian in the collection. Due to the collection of the Southern and Northern Dynasties manuscript Da Yun Meng, the library building was named "Grand yunshu Pavilion", and other collections were called "Tang Fenglou", "Yong Mu Garden", "Chen Hanlou", "Song Zhentang", "Yu Jian Zhai", "Chu Lou Yu", "Si Tang Li Yin" and "Miancheng Jingshe". The bibliography includes two volumes of "Dayun Stack Catalogue"; The Roche Book Catalogue has 3584 volumes and more than 30000 volumes, which was compiled by Wang Guowei. Tang architecture bibliography 1 volume, library collection 1.094 species, 1. 1.836 volume. After the liberation of Northeast China, Luo Jizu brothers accepted their grandmother's orders and donated all of them to the country, totaling 90,000 copies, which were kept in the big library. Part of it belongs to Liaoning Provincial Library, with about 1 0,000 volumes. More than 600 kinds of ancient books have been printed and nearly 20 kinds of series have been printed. Compilation of "Zhensongtang Celebrities' Law Books of Past Dynasties" and so on.
Anecdote and Wang Guowei In the modern academic history of China, Wang Guowei and Luo Zhenyu are two household names. To study Luo Zhenyu, we can't help mentioning Wang Guowei and studying their experiences and contacts. They are well-deserved masters of Chinese studies in many fields, such as literature, Confucian classics, writing, exegesis, phonology, textual research, catalogue, edition and so on.
People are familiar with their academic achievements and have no objection. However, their experiences and contacts have always been a hot topic, and there are different opinions. Many things are still an unclear mystery.
They are fellow villagers in Zhejiang and have the ingenuity of Jiangnan people. They have received a completely old-fashioned education since childhood, and they have a solid foundation in Chinese studies. Both of them were admitted to middle school at the age of fifteen. After the Reform Movement of 1898, influenced by the new trend of thought, they turned to advocating new learning. Luo Zhenyu runs the World Journal of Agriculture and Education, agricultural schools and new education. Wang Guowei studied the philosophy and aesthetics of Schopenhauer, Nietzsche and Kant, and wrote a famous literary criticism, A Dream of Red Mansions. However, after 1911, they devoted themselves to the study of Chinese studies and made great achievements in Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Dunhuang studies, thus establishing their status as masters of Chinese studies. It can be said that their ideological tendency and academic interest have gone through a process from old to new and from new to old. So, what factors have contributed to these changes?
Their political performance is also the focus of people's comments. Before the Qing dynasty, both of them worked in the department. After the Xinhai, Wang Guowei was entrusted by Puyi's small court to work in the South Study Room, once again tied his braid and pretended to be an old man in the Qing Dynasty. Luo Zhenyu followed Puyi in the saddle, worked for the Restoration, and even took refuge in Japan. They tend to be conservative politically and Luo Zhenyu tends to be reactionary, which is naturally a historical fact and there is no need to avoid it. Only these things can not shake their academic hegemony, but more specifically illustrate the versatility and complexity of historical figures.
Their correspondence lasted nearly 30 years from 1898 when they met in Shanghai to 1926 when they broke up. Luo Zhenyu has a clear understanding of the world and is resourceful. He is good at managing money, has considerable economic strength and is an energetic social activist. Wang Guowei is a typical scholar, with a melancholy and pessimistic personality, immersed in academics and not asking for utility. He is called "honest as a ham". It is this contrast of personality and status that makes people unfair to the relationship between Wang Luo and Wang Luo. Some people say that Luo Zhenyu took advantage of Wang Guowei's mental work cheaply; Some people say that Luo Zhenyu's Textual Research on Yin Ruins plagiarized Wang Guowei's research results; Some people say that Luo Zhenyu forced Wang Guowei to drown himself ... So, what is true or close to true?
Luo Zhenyu has many social activities and complicated experiences. In addition, his later actions against the historical trend made people complain about some cultural things he did. Some people say that he sells fake calligraphy and paintings and antiques to deceive people; Some people say that he prints ancient books to make money, and so on. Indeed, Luo Zhenyu is a nostalgic person. He read a lot of antiques, had a wide knowledge and a lot of money, so he was born at the right time. From Oracle bones in Yin ruins to Dunhuang documents, from wooden slips in Han and Jin dynasties to mud seals in Qilu, he caught up with the era of great cultural relics discovery. He gave everything he had, collected antiques and devoted himself to research, becoming a veritable archaeologist. Luo Zhenyu may have made some money by printing ancient books, but it is a great contribution to sorting out ancient books and inheriting culture, and it is understandable to make money. Luo Zhenyu, after all, is a man of conscience. During his tenure in the department from 65438 to 0908, he made every effort to prevent the old files in the cabinet treasury from burning down, and saved 8000 sacks of books, memorials, official documents and other important historical documents. 1909, when he learned from Boccio that there were 8,000 scrolls for writing scriptures in the Dunhuang Tibetan Scripture Cave, he urged Shi Jing University Hall to buy these national treasures so that the remaining Dunhuang documents plundered by the imperialists could be kept at home. Isn't his treasure of culture and contribution to the protection of national treasures worthy of people's emotion?
1June 2, 927, 1 1, Wang Guowei threw himself into the lake in the Summer Palace. This is his first and last visit to the Summer Palace. His death left a mystery to future generations. He wrote in his suicide note: "Fifty years, just one death. After this world change, shameless. " People's speculation about his death mainly focuses on three aspects. First, he died for the Qing Dynasty and gave up his loyalty. First, I broke up with Luo Zhenyu, and my heart was cold; First, I was afraid that the Northern Expeditionary Army would invade Beijing and be humiliated and killed. These uncertain speculations have not come to any conclusion.
At this time, Wang Guowei was fifty years old and was at the peak of his academic career. If the troubled times in the early years of the Republic of China are not worthy of the master's nostalgia, it is the era of losing to the master. But such a master of Chinese studies, his thoughts and academics no longer belong to himself, but to this country and nation. He ended his life categorically, which was a great loss to China's academic work. How can it not be a pity? In this sense, this is his failure to the times and the people.
But this is history. The truth of history is always covered up by complicated man-made or non-man-made factors, which makes us look at the flowers in the fog.
Puyi recorded Luo Zhenyu's cheating behavior in antiques, calligraphy and painting, epigraphy and Oracle bones, which has a long history. He was born in an old bookseller's family in Shangyu County, Zhejiang Province, and taught in a giant gentry family named Qiu in Jiangxi Province as an adult. This tall gentleman is a bibliophile. In Luo Zhenyu's third year as a teacher, Dong Weng died suddenly. On the one hand, he pretended to be very sad and refused to accept this year's bouquet as a libation. On the other hand, he said he wanted to leave some old books and calligraphy and paintings of his boss as a souvenir. The hostess thought the gentleman was too kind, so she asked him to go to the library and choose at will. So Jia Shizi chose several baskets of "souvenirs" in this book, which contained more than 0/00 volumes of classics written in the Tang Dynasty and more than 500 paintings and calligraphy in the Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, and returned with a full load. On this basis, he became an antique calligraphy and painting dealer from a book shop with three-character classics and hundreds of surnames. His business is getting better and better, and his reputation as a connoisseur of antique calligraphy and painting is growing. Later, I became attached to the Japanese by selling ancient books and cultural relics. During his stay in Japan, he made friends with a group of celebrities in government and opposition through his relationship with Japanese booksellers. Many Japanese people regard him as an academic authority on China's ancient cultural relics and often ask him to distinguish it from calligraphy and painting. He carved some seals of "Luo Zhenyu Appraisal" and "Luo Zhenyu Examination", and Japanese antique dealers asked him to use calligraphy and painting to cover it once, paying him three yuan a day, and then cheating him. Later, it developed into an antique seal printed on the nameless painting, with the seal of "Luo Zhenyu Appraisal", and then sold at a high price. He often uses busyness as an excuse to drag down the precious bronzes that others ask him to identify and sell as many rubbings as possible. It is said that some Song books sold in his Mo Yuan Hall were forged with the title page of Book Integration, a temple fair edition of the Forbidden City. Temple printing paper is chemical paper or rib paper, which is very similar to Song printing paper. It is said that when the Ministry of Interior handed over the temple edition books to Luo Zhenyu for sale, he removed all the blank title pages of these more than 10,000 books and printed the "Song Edition" books with imitation Song engraving. I knew nothing about it at that time. Some people say that Luo Zhenyu has a bad personality, but he studies well. In my opinion, it is doubtful how much he has learned. During the Puppet Manchuria, he once brought me a batch of Han jade. I can't say I have any research on Han Yu, but I like it very much, so I have a lot of collections. The so-called fear of not knowing the goods is that I am afraid to shop around. Of course, the so-called Han jade is not necessary in the Han Dynasty, but a conventional name for ancient jade. Having seen Han Yu brought by Luo Zhenyu, I couldn't help being shocked by his "cleverness" because they are all fakes.
Luo Zhenyu doesn't often come to the palace. His in-laws Wang Guowei can "be on duty" for him and often tell him a lot of things that happened when he was not in the palace. The biggest reason why Wang Guowei is so obedient to him is that this honest man always feels indebted to Luo Zhenyu, and it is on this that Luo Zhenyu can command Wang Guowei quite well. I later learned that the name of Luo Zhenyu literati was also related to their special relationship. Wang Guowei's school life was very hard, and he got help from Luo Zhenyu. Wang Guowei's life of studying in Japan in his later years depended entirely on being with Luo Zhenyu. In return for his kindness, Wang Guowei's first works were published under the name of Fu Zi Luo Zhenyu. Luo Zhenyu's Book Deed of Yin Ruins, which was published in Japan and made a sensation, actually copied the research results of Wang Guowei and Oracle Bone Inscriptions. Luo and Wang Er later became in-laws, so it is reasonable to say that Wang Guowei's debt can not be counted. In fact, Luo Zhenyu did not forget the price he paid. Wang Guowei was close to Tian Yan because of his recommendation, so he owed him mutual affection, so Wang Guowei had to listen to his orders everywhere. After I arrived in Tianjin, Wang Guowei became a professor of Chinese Department in Tsinghua University. I don't know what caused it, but Luo Zhenyu actually collected debts from him. Later, I don't know what means I used to persecute Wang Guowei again and again, forcing the poor and proud Wang Guowei to jump into Kunming Lake on June 2, 1927.