From 6000 BC to 5000 BC, China invented primitive pottery.
China Shang Dynasty (about 65438 BC+early 7th century BC ~ about 1 1 century BC) had primitive porcelain and produced it.
Glazed pottery is now on the market.
In the future, in order to meet the needs of court viewing, folk daily use and architecture, the production technology of ceramics continued to develop.
Celadon from 200 AD (Eastern Han Dynasty) is the earliest porcelain ever discovered.
The appearance of pottery pushed mankind into the metal age, and the pottery pot used for smelting copper in China Xia Dynasty (from the end of 22nd century BC to the beginning of 2/kloc-0 century BC to the beginning of 65438+7th century BC) was the earliest refractory.
The melting temperature of iron is much higher than that of copper, so the refractories in the Iron Age have developed greatly accordingly.
/kloc-the rise of iron and steel industry after the 0/8th century has promoted the development of refractories in the direction of multiple varieties, high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance.
In 3700 BC, Egypt began to have simple glass beads as decorations.
Before 1000 BC, there were white perforated glass beads in China.
In the early AD, Rome was able to produce various forms of glass products.
During the period from1000 to1200, glass manufacturing technology became mature, and Venice, Italy became the center of glass industry.
1600 years later, the glass industry has spread all over the world.
From 3000 BC to 2000 BC, people have been using pneumatic cementing materials such as lime and gypsum.
With the development of construction industry, cementitious materials have also developed accordingly.
Hydraulic lime and pozzolanic cementitious materials were produced in early AD, and hydraulic lime and Roman cement were produced after 1700.
1824 Portland cement invented by J. asp in England.
The above main components are ceramics, refractories, glass, cement and so on. It is silicate, which belongs to typical silicic acid.
Salt material.
/kloc-After the industrial revolution in the 0/8th century, with the rise of construction, machinery, steel, transportation and other industries, inorganic nonmetallic materials developed rapidly, and refractory materials such as electric porcelain, chemical stoneware, cermet, flat glass, chemical instrument glass, optical glass, open hearth furnace and converter, and cement with excellent properties such as quick hardening and early strength appeared.
At the same time, abrasives, carbon, graphite products and cast stone have been developed.
Since the 20th century, with the rise of new technologies such as electronic technology, aerospace, energy, computer, communication, laser, infrared, photoelectricity, biomedicine and environmental protection, higher requirements have been put forward for materials, which has promoted the rapid development of special inorganic nonmetallic materials.
In 1930s and 1940s, high frequency insulating ceramics, ferroelectric ceramics and piezoelectric ceramics, ferrite (also called magnetic ceramics) and thermistor ceramics appeared.
From 1950s to 1960s, high-temperature structural ceramics such as silicon carbide and silicon nitride, transparent alumina ceramics, β -alumina fast ionic conductor ceramics, gas-sensitive and humidity-sensitive ceramics were developed.
Up to now, various new inorganic materials, such as color-changing glass, optical fiber, electro-optic effect, electron emission and high temperature superconductivity, have appeared.