1, early experience:
Zhu Houzong is the second son of Zhu Shiyuan, the king of Xing Xian. Xing's fief is located in Zhongxiang City, Hubei Province. It was Chengtianfu, one of the three major families in the Ming Dynasty. 1507, in September of the following year, Zhu Houzong was born in Huguang Anlu, Wang Fu (now Zhongxiang City, Hubei Province). Zhu Shiyuan, the fourth son of his father Ming Xianzong, was crowned King Xing on July 11th, the 23rd year of Chenghua (1July 30th, 487). On September 18th, the seventh year of Hongzhi (1494+ 10/6), he went to Guang 'an Land House in Fanhu. Zhu Houzong's mother, Chiang Kai-shek, is the daughter of Gui Jiang, commander of the Chinese army in Peiping (after Yu Tianbo). She married Zhu Shiyuan on 1493 and settled with Zhu Shiyuan on 1494.
Zhu Houzong was very clever when he was young. His father taught him to read poems several times before he could recite them accurately. When I am older, I will study ancient books under the guidance of my father, and I will be familiar with filial piety, universities, and self-cultivation in governing the country. Not only that, his father also asked him to attend the sacrifices and ceremonies in the palace, so he became familiar with all kinds of etiquette and norms at an early age.
In the 14th year of Zheng De (1565438+July 2009 13), Zhu Shiyuan, the king of Xing Xian, died of illness. The attack, which was only 12 years old, was taken over with the assistance of Yuan, with a long history.
Zhu Houzong succeeded to the throne.
In the sixteenth year of Zheng De (152 1 year), Ming Wuzong died on April 20th. As the Ming Wuzong had no children, on his deathbed, Yang Tinghe in Historical Records anticipated the problem of successors. Citing the principle that "brothers and sisters should be reconciled" in Ming Taizu's legacy, he issued letters in the name of the emperor five days before Wu Zong's death, which shortened the time of mourning for his father and inherited the title of Xing Wang. On the second day after Wu Zongjia's downfall, Yang Tinghe asked Li Si to ask the Queen Mother to issue a letter and formally declared Zhu Houzong as the heir of the emperor.
In the sixteenth year of Zheng De's reign (152 1), on April 22nd, a delegation composed of representatives of Si Lijian, the royal family and the imperial court went to Anlu. Zhu Houzong met the delegation as Xing Wang, accepted the letters from the Queen Mother, accepted the salutes from the ministers of Wang Fu, and then went to Beijing with the delegation.
When Zhu Houzong and his delegation arrived at their hometown outside Beijing, the first round of conflict broke out between the two sides. According to Yang Tinghe's arrangement, Zhu Houzong was not greeted with the prince's etiquette, that is, from the East Gate to the Mandarin Hall. However, Zhu Houzong did not accept the plan. He said to his capable historian Yuan: "The testamentary edict regards me as the heir to the throne, not the prince." The two sides did not compromise each other. Finally, the Queen Mother ordered the ministers to write a letter to persuade them to enter the DPRK. Zhu Houzong wrote in the suburbs, entered through Daming Gate, and then acceded to the throne in Fengtian Hall.
In the sixteenth year of Zheng De's reign (152 1), Zhu Houzong officially proclaimed himself emperor and was renamed Jiajing the following year.
Shortly after he ascended the throne, there was a three-and-a-half-year debate between Emperor Jiajing and five old ministers, with Yang Tinghe and Mao as the first, about who was the emperor of Emperor Jiajing (that is, the father in patriarchal sense) and the unification of the imperial system of Emperor Jiajing's biological father. Despite the opposition of courtiers, Emperor Jiajing honored Xian Di as his biological father, later named him Xian Di, and his biological mother was the Empress Dowager Xingguo, and renamed Emperor Xiaozong of Ming Dynasty as "Emperor Bokao".
In September of the 17th year of Jiajing (1538), Xing was honored as "the emperor who knows the heaven, Hong Ren, broad, pure, respectful, literary and simple", and the memorial tablet of Xing was promoted to the ancestral temple, ranking above the Ming Wuzong, and the tomb of Xing was changed to an apparition. At this point, the ceremony ended with the victory of Emperor Jiajing.
3. Zhu Houzong Jiajing Zhongxing
In the early days of Emperor Jiajing's rule, there was a situation of "Jiajing revival". Emperor Jiajing got rid of the disadvantages of the former dynasty, followed Mao's example, made great efforts to carry out the "New Deal", carried out drastic reforms, concentrated different courtiers politically, made great efforts in government affairs, cracked down on powerful ministers and feudal landlords and nobles, granted amnesty to the world, killed and waited for courtiers, reorganized the political platform, took charge of major domestic and foreign policies, carried out the New Deal, reduced the power of ritual supervision and abolished the power of guarding eunuchs. Economically, Cole Yan took bribes and perverted the law, explored Huang Zhuang and Xunqi Manor, returned farmland to the people, encouraged farming and weaving, rectified taxes, relieved famine, reduced silver rent, sympathized with people's feelings, controlled floods, and eliminated more than 100,000 military academy craftsmen, which greatly eased the fierce social and economic contradictions at that time. Militarily, rectify the army corps and battalions, defend the southeast, conquer the enemy, eliminate foreign invasion and rectify the border defense. Culturally, it reformed the drawbacks of the imperial examination and corrected Confucius' titles and sacrifices. During this period, "capitalism" began to sprout, culture and science and technology flourished unprecedentedly, and a large number of outstanding literary works and outstanding figures emerged. "The world was ruled at once."
4. Zhu Houzong worships Taoism
In the later period of Emperor Jiajing's reign, Guangdian gradually lost its enterprising spirit, became increasingly corrupt, abused people's power to build great events, superstitious alchemists, and respected Taoism and cultivate immortals. The alchemists and Taoists used their superstitions about Emperor Jiajing's dream of immortality and supernatural phenomena to fool him repeatedly, so that fasting was built every year, resulting in huge expenses. In October of the 21st year of Jiajing (1542), the "Renyin Palace Rebellion" broke out, and several people died at the hands of maids. Emperor Jiajing moved to Xiyuan to repair the Xuan.
In employing people, Emperor Jiajing was "ignorant and wise" and "neglected in merit", and his attitude changed greatly. He has a strong grasp of power and strong control over civilian groups. In his later years, Emperor Jiajing alienated Yan Song and used Xu Jie as the cabinet record, so the country was on the right track again. In order to alleviate social contradictions, Emperor Jiajing took reform measures such as reducing disadvantages and promoting discipline, ordered the return of some occupied private fields, and eliminated 654.38+10,000 craftsmen in military schools, which initiated the "New Deal" period during Jiajing's reign and won the support of the ruling and opposition parties.
5. Zhu Houzong is dead.
With the growth of Jiajing Emperor's age and long-term use of Dan medicine containing arsenic, mercury, realgar and cinnabar, Jiajing Emperor's health went from bad to worse. In the first month of the forty-fourth year of Jiajing (1565), alchemist Wang Jin and others forged "prescriptions for the immortals" and "new books for the elderly" to make elixirs for Emperor Jiajing. In the 45th year of Jiajing (1567), in February, Harry, the chief book of the Ministry of Public Security, published "Public Security Sparse". Emperor Jiajing was furious, died in prison and was saved by Xu Jie. In the 45th year of Jiajing (1567 65438+1October 23rd), Emperor Jiajing died at Gan Qing Palace at the age of 60. Hall number Sejong, posthumous title, Qintian, Benyi, Shengxuan, Wuhedi. Buried in Yongling, Changping, Beijing.
Second, the introduction:
Zhu Houzong (1September 50716-1June 5438+1October 23, 567) was born in Anluzhou (now Zhongxiang, Hubei), Han nationality, grandson of Ming Xianzong, nephew of Ming Xiaozong, and son of Zhu Shiyuan, king of Xingxian. 1 1 was the emperor of the Ming dynasty, and his reign time was 152 1 to 1566, and his name was Jiajing, later called Jiajing Emperor.
In the sixteenth year of Zheng De (152 1), Ming Wuzong died on April 20th. Since there was no heir after his death, Zhang Taihou (the mother of Mingwuzong) and Yang Tinghe, the cabinet record, decided that Zhu Houzong, a close relative of the royal family and cousin of Mingwuzong, would inherit the throne.
In the 45th year of Jiajing (1566), Emperor Jiajing died at the age of 60. Hall number Sejong, posthumous title, Qintian, Benyi, Shengxuan, Wuhedi. Buried in the Yongling of the Ming Tombs in Beijing. His rule is second only to that of his grandson Ming Shenzong.