But what they didn't know was that on this day, on the border between Guangxi and China, there were nearly 560,000 synthetic troops from 9 armies of China People's Liberation Army, including 29 infantry divisions, 2 artillery divisions, 2 anti-aircraft artillery divisions, railway soldiers, engineers and signal soldiers. In the east and west clusters, they are all ready for battle.
They received air support from 13 aviation division, 3 independent regiments, 10 brigade, 1 Electronic Jamming Force 774 combat aircraft. The South China Sea Fleet has more than 20 ships of various types/KLOC-0 and more than 70 naval aviation/KLOC-0, which will prevent Vietnamese ships from harassing the Xisha Islands and counter the possible damage to drilling platforms and coastal facilities.
On the 500-kilometer front, China's army faced six IFIs on the northern line of the Vietnamese army, and only spent 4,499 yuan-100 brigade sponsors, including infantry divisions, 16 local teams, and 4 artillery regiments, with a total strength of150,000.
On February 17, 2007, the China army turned to attack after 30-35 minutes of short-range artillery fire. /kloc-occupied Laojie and mangshi in February, Gaoping on March 2, and lang son, an important town in the north of Hanoi, on March 4, opening the passage to Hanoi.
China's army advanced rapidly.
What were the superpowers, the United States and the Soviet Union, doing when two Asian countries were at war?
As we all know, the Soviet Union has spared no effort to support Vietnam. 1In August, 978, the Soviet Union sent a military expert advisory group headed by General Vorobijev to Vietnam. After China launched a counterattack in self-defense, Lieutenant General Gaponenko of the Soviet Union, on the orders of Marshal Ogarkov, Chief of General Staff, and Marshal ustinov, Minister of National Defense, went to the northern front of Viet Nam urgently to learn about the situation.
Gaponenko was escorted by two Vietnamese platoons and went directly to the headquarters of the 345th Division of the Vietnamese Army. At that time, the division was divided and surrounded by the China army, and the organizational system was chaotic. The political commissar of the division could not contact other commanders. At the suggestion of Gaponenko, the Vietnamese army headquarters granted commander Ma Yonglan full authority, but Gaponenko knew very well that one division could not resist the attacks of several armies.
/kloc-in February, 2009, the Soviet Union sent a 20-member senior advisory group to Hanoi to assist in the command. This advisory group is led by General Obasanjo, First Deputy Minister of the former Soviet Union's Ministry of National Defense, and its members include mikhailov and Lieutenant General Demjan Nyenko from the Operational Bureau of the General Staff, Major General Meli 521WG Nikchenko from the General Reconnaissance Bureau, Major General Zincenko, Major General Bernaschi, Baldishev, Vasilyev, Butrin, bulgakov, Mai Aurov, SkLabauve, Kovali and Major General Sksk. Obaturov was only 54 years old at that time, but he was a mental derangement, so he specially approved his wife to take medicine every day and set out with the group.
General Obaturov, head of the Soviet advisory group
At that time, the situation in Vietnam was chaotic, and the advisory group decided to go to the front to understand the situation first. But along the way, refugees fleeing from lang son flooded into Hanoi, and the road was blocked, so they had to take jeeps instead. It is said that they were also shelled by the China army. Judging that a considerable number of Vietnamese troops in Obaturov have been surrounded, the whole defense line is close to collapse, and the Tanzanian-coordinated China army is advancing towards Hanoi. Vietnam must withdraw its troops from Cambodia and establish a new defense line north of Hanoi.
Specifically, there are three suggestions:
First, the Vietnamese Army High Command immediately transferred the most effective troops from Cambodia. In order to gain time, this army can go into battle lightly, and all the equipment is airlifted from the Soviet Union, including the formation of a BM-2 1 rocket launcher division. In addition, local troops and other soldiers scattered from the front line were reorganized and put into battle again.
Second, quickly establish an air corridor between the Soviet Union and Vietnam and provide emergency assistance to Vietnam. During the whole war, the Soviet Union assisted Vietnam for 20 years.
Third, in order to improve the efficiency of information transmission, the 68-member Soviet communication team led by Captain Krikang immediately took over all military communications in Vietnam, ensuring that orders could reach the hands of Soviet advisers at the deep company level.
The real bright spot is the Soviet Union's decision to put pressure on China from the north.
1979 March 12 to March 26th, the Soviet Union deployed troops from the mainland to strengthen the cluster of the Far East Military Region, the Baikal Military Region and the Mongolian Military Region, and used 52,000 troops, 2,600 tanks, 900 planes and more than 5,000 vehicles to hold large-scale military exercises on the Sino-Soviet border.
Soviet advisers are guiding the Vietnamese army.
The main process of the exercise was that six Soviet motorized divisions and tank divisions were ordered to maneuver 2000 kilometers urgently to assist the Far East Military Region. At the same time, several aviation divisions flew in from Ukraine and Belarus, with a total flight time of more than 5,000 hours, dropping thousands of bombs to deter "an unfriendly Asian neighbor".
The Soviet 1st 106 Airborne Division stationed in Tula, Eastern Europe, conducted an exercise under the command of Colonel Byrd Colding. Its theme is to take off from Mongolia airport and send 2000 airborne troops over Beijing in an hour and a half.
At that time, the Soviet Union was still resorting to psychological blackmail. They expelled some diplomats from China and refused to let them go home. They are only allowed to cross the Urals by train to Mongolia. On the parallel road of that railway, we can clearly see the marching column of the Soviet motorized troops that are forcibly marching.
The first casualties paid by the Soviet Union came from the advisory group. Major General marek's An -24 plane crashed, killing 16 members of the Soviet military advisory group.
And what is the United States doing at this time?
The Soviet Union tried to test the reaction of the United States if nuclear weapons were used against China. President Jimmy Carter made it clear through the hotline that the Soviet Union was not allowed to take any measures that might worsen the situation. In order to counter the tanks provided by the Soviet Union to Vietnam, the United States also provided China with much-needed artillery detection radar technology.
1In February, 979, the Soviet Union sent a huge formation of 30 ships to the South China Sea, including Admiral Shenya and Admiral Fujin, as well as a large number of anti-submarine ships and destroyers. It is said that the Soviet Union's operational plan also includes measures to attack the military base on Hainan Island when necessary.
1978 12. The assault group led by the carrier constellation of the US Pacific Fleet departed from the home port of San Diego, California, and went to Southeast Asia to carry out tasks. In February, the formation came to the South China Sea.
American constellation aircraft carrier
? The US-Soviet fleet is in a state of tense confrontation, and both sides have adopted the practice of "accompanying surveillance" of ships. Nobody dares to make a move. Until March 6, China troops to complete the task back home, two fleet didn't leave.
Of course, the most important thing in war is strategic intelligence.
Through the analysis of satellite reconnaissance in the United States, it is judged that among the 54 divisions deployed by the Soviet Union on the border of China, only 1 is full, 1/3 is a shelf division with only 4,000 people, and the other two thirds are 50%-80% full. Accordingly, if the Soviet Union is determined to go to war with China, it will take at least two months to transport troops from Europe by rail. In addition, it was winter, with heavy snow and the temperature below MINUS 30 degrees.
Therefore, it is not difficult to judge. First of all, under the pressure of the United States, the Soviet Union did not dare to deploy too many troops from Europe to attack China. Secondly, when the Soviet Union completed its mobilization, its counterattack against Vietnam had already ended.
This is an important strategic basis for China to dare to wage war on the ruins of that historical node. Later facts proved that this judgment was completely correct.