Qin Xianggong (? -766 BC), Zhao, the second son of Qin Zhuanggong, was the first monarch of Qin State officially listed as a vassal in the Spring and Autumn Period, and he reigned from 778 BC to 766 BC.

In 778 BC, Qin Zhuanggong was killed by a dog. His eldest son, Shi Fu, led an army to crusade against the dog Rong and gave up the position of the monarch. At that time, Qin's national strength was weak and Dijon was in trouble.

At the beginning of his reign, Qin Xianggong married his sister Miao Mi to Rong Renfeng in order to divide people. In 776 BC, Qin Xianggong moved its capital to Changyi (now Longxian County, Shaanxi Province) and moved eastward.

In 77 1 year BC, Shen Hou attacked Haojiang with dogs and killed Zhou Youwang at the foot of Mount Li. Saved Zhou with soldiers. His drought-striken fields moved to the east, and Qin Xianggong sent troops to escort him to seal the vassal.

After moving eastward, the land west of Qishan, which the royal family could not control, was given to Qin. From then on, Qin became a vassal state of the Western Zhou Dynasty, which laid the foundation for the future strength of Qin.

In 766 BC, Qin Xianggong died on the way to crusade against Xirong and was buried in his hometown of Huang Xi (Dabaozi Mountain in Lixian County, Gansu Province), and his son Qin Wengong succeeded him.

2. Qin Wengong

Qin Wengong (? -7 16 BC), the son of Zhao, whose name is unknown, was the monarch of Qin in the Spring and Autumn Period and reigned from 765 BC to 7 16 BC. ?

During the reign of Qin Wengong, a historian was set up to record; Defeated Xirong, incorporated the adherents of the Zhou Dynasty, and expanded to the west of Qi (now east of Baoji City, Shaanxi Province); Formulate a criminal law to punish the three ethnic groups. At that time, Qin people had completely settled down and engaged in agriculture.

In 7 16 BC, Qin Wengong died, and posthumous title Wengong was buried in Xishan (now Baoji City, Shaanxi Province). After Qin Wengong's death, his grandson Qin Ninggong (Qin Xiangong) succeeded to the throne.

3. Qin Xiangong

(724 BC-704 BC), Historical Records Qin Benji was mistaken for Qin Ninggong, whose surname was unknown, and Sun Zhao, the son of Qin, was the monarch of Qin in the Spring and Autumn Period, 765438 BC+05 BC-704 BC.

Qin Xiangong was appointed as the heir by his grandfather Qin Wengong, because his father Qin Jinggong died young. In 7 16 BC, Qin Wengong died, and Qin Xiangong succeeded to the throne, living in Xixinyi, and then moved to Pingyang.

In 7 13 BC, he sent troops to capture the party club (Tang Dou) of Bo Rong (a branch of Xi Rong). In 708 BC, he captured Rui Wanbo, the monarch of Ruiguo.

In 704 BC, he sent troops to destroy the Dang clan in Xirong. In the same year, Qin Xiangong, 2 1 year-old, died and was buried at the foot of Xishan (now Baoji North Cemetery in Shaanxi).

4. Qin Zi

(708 BC-698 BC), won surname, Zhao, Ming. Qin Xiangong's youngest son, the monarch of Qin in the Spring and Autumn Period, reigned from 703 BC to 698 BC.

5. Qin Wugong

Qin Wugong (? -678 BC), won the surname, Zhao? , whose name is unknown, is the eldest son of (Qin Ninggong), the mother of Lv Ji, the son of Qin, the brother of Qin Degong, and the monarch of Qin State in the Spring and Autumn Period, who reigned from 697 BC to 678 BC.

Qin Wugong made a prince first. After Qin Xiangong's death, Fu Cha and three other concubines established the State of Qin and became the monarch of the State of Qin. After the Qin dynasty, he was killed by Fuxi and others before he acceded to the throne. Zhu Fuji and other three imperial families gathered the power of the royal family.

When Qin Wugong was in power, he conquered and annexed Mianzhu, Qirong, Ji Rong, Yiqurong, Zhai and Gou successively, and set up a county system to manage the land. The following year, the forces of Qin reached the Weishui River Basin in Guanzhong.

Qin Wugong was buried in Pingyang after his death, creating a system of human sacrifice, with as many as 66 people buried with him. Kawabata Yasunari's mother and brother are Qin Degong.

6. Qin Degong

Qin Degong (765438 BC+00 BC-676 BC), who won the surname Qin, has his name in the genealogy. He is the second son, the younger brother of Qin Wugong, the younger brother of Qin Gongzi, and the monarch of Qin in the Spring and Autumn Period. He reigned from 677 BC to 676 BC.

In 678 BC, Qin Wugong died, and his son Bai was sealed in Pingyang (now southwest of Qishan County, Shaanxi Province) and failed to succeed to the throne. His brother Qin Degong succeeded to the throne.

In 677 BC, Qin Degong moved the capital of Qin State to Yongcheng (now Fengxiang County, Shaanxi Province), offering 300 cows, sheep and pigs to heaven and earth, and divining whether it was suitable to live in Yongcheng. The result of divination is that future generations drink horses by the Yellow River. In the same year, King Liang and King Rui came to the court.

In 676 BC, Fu Sacrifice was first set up to sacrifice dogs at the four gates of cities to dispel the heat of spreading diseases.

Qin Degong has three sons, the eldest son Qin, the second son Qin Chenggong and the youngest son. Before 676, Qin Degong died and was buried in Yang, and his eldest son Qin Gongxuan succeeded to the throne.

7.qin

Qin Gongxuan (? —664 BC) won the surname Qin, whose genealogy contains his famous field, Qin Degong's eldest son, Qin Chenggong and his eldest brother, and Qin Guojun in the Spring and Autumn Period.

He reigned from 675 BC to 664 BC and was buried in Pingyang Tomb Area (Dongyang Ping Town, Baoji County, Shaanxi Province). There are nine sons, who have not been established, and passed on to their younger brother Qin Chenggong.

8.qin Chenggong

Qin Chenggong? -660 BC), won the surname Zhao, whose genealogy contains his name, the second son of Qin Degong, the brother of Qin, the monarch of Qin in the Spring and Autumn Period, and reigned from 663 BC to 660 BC.

According to Records of the Historian, during the Chenghua period, two kings of the Western Zhou Dynasty, Liang and Rui, came to appear before the court. There are seven sons, none of whom are established. His younger brother was appointed heir to the throne of Qin Mugong.

9. Qin Mugong

Qin Mugong (? -before 62 1 year), one was Qin Miaogong, surnamed Zhao, and Qin Degong had a young son. In the Spring and Autumn Period, in the thirty-ninth year of Qin's reign (659- 62 BC1year), posthumous title Mu was recognized as one of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period by Historical Records and other books.

After Qin Mugong succeeded to the throne, he appointed Baijila, Jianshu, as counselors, defeated the State of Jin, captured Jin alive, and destroyed Liang, Rui, Slippery and other countries. Qin Mugong once helped Jin Wengong to return to the State of Jin and seize the throne, which realized the goodness of Qin and Jin.

After Jin Wengong's death, the alliance collapsed and Qin Jin confronted; Qin Mugong originally wanted to move eastward, but he was thinking about the Central Plains. Later, in the Battle of Kan in 627 and the Battle of Kan in 625 (now northeast of Baishui, Shaanxi Province), it was defeated by Jin Jun twice, and three generals were captured and wiped out. Qin's road was firmly grasped by Jin.

Qin Mugong then turned around and headed west. He tricked Yu Yu, who had defected from the State of Jin to the Rong people, into being a counselor. According to Yu Yu's plan, the State of Qin gradually eliminated 12 countries (some say 20) established by the Xirong people.

Zhou Wang congratulated Qin Mugong on defeating the Rong people and gave him a golden drum, hoping that he would continue to attack the Rong people vigorously. During the reign of King Xiang of Zhou, Qin Mugong sent troops to attack countries such as Shu, west of Hanguguan, and expanded its territory for more than 1,000 miles.

Therefore, King Xiang of Zhou appointed him as the uncle of the western governors, and then he dominated Xirong, which laid the foundation for the unification of China by Qin. He made a certain contribution to the development of the Qin Dynasty and the national integration of the ancient West, and he was a statesman with achievements.

Qin Mugong died 62 1 years ago and was buried in Yongcheng (now southeast of Fengxiang, Baoji, Shaanxi), a martyr 177.

10, Qin Kanggong

Qin Kanggong (? -609 BC), the son of Yan and Zhao, Mu Muji was the sister of the monarch of the State of Qin in the Spring and Autumn Period and reigned from 620 BC to 609 BC.

During the Qin Kanggong period, there were many wars between Qin Jin, and Qin gradually declined from the overlord of Xirong in Qin Mugong.

1 1, Qin * * *

Qin Gong (? -605 BC), won the surname, Qin, Jin, or Mi, Jin according to historical research, Mi according to Zuozhuan, son of Qin Kanggong, Qin in the Spring and Autumn Period, and reigned from 608 BC to 605 BC.

12, Qin Huangong

Duke Huan of Qin (? -577 BC), the son of Zhao (according to Spring and Autumn Annals), Qin Gonggong. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the monarch of Qin reigned from 604 BC to 577 BC.

When Duke Huan of Qin was in power, he was defeated by the Allies in the battle between the horse and the tunnel.

Qin Jinggong 13

Qin Jinggong (? -537 BC), won surname, Qin family, son of Duke Huan of Qin, monarch of Qin State in the Spring and Autumn Period, reigned from 576 BC to 537 BC.

Qin Jinggong ruled the State of Qin for 39 years, pushing its power to the Central Plains. His tomb, Qin Gong No.1 Tomb, was publicly buried by Emperor Tiandi, covering an area of 5,334 square meters. 1.976 was discovered in South Zhang Cun, Fengxiang County, Shaanxi Province, which is the largest tomb excavated in China so far.

14, Qin Aigong

Qin aigong (? -50 BC1), Qin Shu was written as Bi Gong of Qin, and Historical Records was written as Qin? Male, won surname, Qin, with his name in the genealogy, his son, the monarch of Qin in the Spring and Autumn Period, reigned for 36 years (536 BC-50 BC1).

Before 505, Wu occupied the capital of Chu, and Shen turned to Qin for help. Baoyong lingered outside Qin Gong, crying day and night for seven days and seven nights.

Qin Aigong sighed with emotion: "Although Chu has no way, if there are ministers, how can there be nothing left?" So he gave him "no clothes", sent troops to save Chu, defeated Wu Jun, and He Lv, the king of Wu, withdrew his troops and returned home.

15, Qin

Qin Gonghui (? -49 BC1), won the surname Zhao, whose genealogy contains his name Ning, the son of Qin, the monarch in the Spring and Autumn Period, who reigned for 9 years (500 BC-49 BC1).

16, Qin Daogong

Qin Daogong (? —477 BC), won the surname Qin, whose genealogy contains his famous plate, the son of Qin, the monarch of the State of Qin in the Spring and Autumn Period, and reigned for 15 years (49 1-477 BC). Historical Records of Qin Benji and Chronology of Twelve Governors were mistaken for 65438+.

In the fifteenth year of Qin Daogong (477 BC), Qin Daogong died and was buried in the west of Qiulijing Cemetery. When Qin Daogong was in office, he built a city in Yongcheng (now south of Fengxiang County, Shaanxi Province), and his son Qin Li succeeded him after his death.

Qin Li 17 * * *

Qin * * * folded male (? -443 BC), also known as Qin La Gong Gong, Gong Gong, won the surname Qin, whose name is unknown (one is La), the son of Qin Daogong. Historical Records of Qin Benji is the work of Qin and La, and Historical Records of Justice is the work of Qin Li.

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the monarch of Qin reigned from 476 BC to 443 BC. In 476 BC, he sent troops to attack Weicheng.

In 467 BC, Halley's Comet appeared in the sky, very bright and easy to see. In 46 1 year BC, a defensive trench was built along the Yellow River, with 20,000 soldiers, to attack Xirong Dali (now Chaoyang area in Dali, Shaanxi).

Qin Zaogong 18

Qin Zaogong (? -429 BC), also known as Qin Yigong, won surname, Qin family, whose genealogy contains his name Xin, son of Qin Liguong, monarch of Qin State during the Warring States Period, and reigned from 442 BC to 429 BC.

Qin Gong ascended the throne in the frenzied year of Qin Dynasty (442 BC). In the 13th year (430 BC), Xirong Yi Qu launched a large-scale attack on Qin until he was repelled by Qin Jun. In the following year, a frenzied public pawn, his brother won the throne from Jin and used it for Huai Gong.

19, Qin Huaigong

Qin Huaigong (? -425 BC), won the surname Qin, whose genealogy contains his name, brother, the monarch of Qin during the Warring States Period, and reigned for 4 years (428 BC-425 BC).

Qin Zaogong died, and his younger brother was taken back from the State of Jin by his older brother for the sake of the public. The national government at that time was manipulated by the old aristocracy. In the fourth year of Qin Huaigong (425 BC), Qin Shu's eldest son and other nobles forced Qin Huaigong to commit suicide. Due to the early death of Prince Zhao, the following year, the minister made the grandson of Prince Huai the king and made him the king.

20.Qin Linggong

Qin Linggong (? -4 15 BC), also known as Qin Suling Gong, won the surname Qin, whose name is unknown. Speaking of Su, the grandson of Qin Huaigong, the monarch of Qin during the Warring States Period, was in office from 424 BC to 4 15 BC.

In 422 BC, a temple was built in Wuyang (now Wushan, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province) to worship the Yellow Emperor. Build a temple to worship Emperor Yan. When Qin Linggong died, his first teacher discipline (later) was still young, only five years old.

Gong Ling's uncle mourned his son because he was young, so he succeeded to the throne and became the monarch, that is, Gong Jian of Qin. Shi Ji was exiled to Longxi Valley.

2 1, Qin

Won Aizi (428 BC-400 BC), surnamed Zhao, a famous Aizi (some people think that "Aizi" is not a name), the son of Qin Huaigong, the brother and uncle of Qin, was in Qin during the Warring States Period, and reigned from 465,438 BC to 400 BC.

Qin carried out some political and economic reforms in Gong Jian. He allowed officials and people to carry swords, breaking the privilege that only nobles could carry swords. The implementation of the policy of collecting taxes by mu and the recognition of the legitimacy of "private land" indicate that Qin began to change to feudal system. In 400 BC, Qin died and succeeded to the throne.

22.qin

Qin Gonghui (? -49 BC1), won the surname Zhao, whose genealogy contains his name Ning, the son of Qin, the monarch in the Spring and Autumn Period, who reigned for 9 years (500 BC-49 BC1).

23.qin

Qin (389 BC or 388-385 BC), also known as Qin Shaozhu, won surname, Qin aristocratic family, whose genealogy contains his name Chang, son of Qin, was the king of Qin in the Warring States Period, and reigned for 2 years (386-385 BC).

Shi Ben was a master of Qin, and Lu Chunqiu was a master of Qin, also known as Zi Chu in history. In 387 BC, Gong Hui died and ascended the throne. At the age of two, his mother presided over the court affairs, and he used eunuchs and consorts in large numbers. In 385 BC, Chang mutinied, killed his son and his mother, and welcomed Prince Gong Ling's son back to China.

Since Qin Li (477 BC-443 BC), Qin was in power, ministers were autocratic, monarchs changed, and Qin was unstable.

Qin Xiangong.

Qin Xiangong (424 BC-362 BC) was the monarch of Qin during the Warring States Period. His surname was Qin. The stone book is a tribute to Qin Yuan, and the Yuejueshu is the king of Qin Yuan. . Son of Qin Linggong, who reigned for 23 years (384 BC-362 BC).

He was exiled to Wei in his early years. After returning to China and succeeding to the throne, he carried out reforms in Qin State, including abolishing human sacrifice, moving the capital, expanding commercial activities, compiling household registration, promoting county system, etc., and launched many wars to recover lost land in Hexi.

Although the reform in Qin Xiangong period was not thorough, it laid the foundation for Shang Yang's reform in Qin Xiaogong period.

Qin Xiaogong.

Qin Xiaogong (3865438 BC+65438 BC+February 6th BC-338 BC), surnamed Zhao, was the king in Yuejueshu, and the famous Quliang was recorded in Historical Records. The son of Qin Xiangong, the monarch of Qin State in the Warring States Period, reigned from 3665438 BC to 338 BC.

Qin Xiaogong made great use of Wei Yang (that is, Shang Yang) to carry out political reform, rewarded the agricultural war, moved the capital to Xianyang (now northeast of Xianyang, Shaanxi), set up county-level administration, and opened up a new road. While strengthening centralization, we will continuously improve agricultural production.

Externally, Qin signed a treaty with Chu and North Korea, and joined forces with Qi and Zhao to attack Anyi, the capital of Wei (now northwest of Xia County, Shanxi Province), extending its territory to the east of Luoshui. Since then, the national strength has become stronger and stronger, which laid the foundation for Qin to unify China.

26.qin

King Qin Huiwen (356- 3 BC11), also known as King Qin Huiwen, was named Zhao, the son of the King of Qin in the Warring States Period, and his reign was from 337 BC to 3 1 1 year.

Qin Huiwen ascended the throne in the 19th year of his reign and accused the imperial clan of killing Wei Yang. In 325 BC, it was changed from "Gong" to "Wang" and changed to the first year, becoming the first king of Qin. During Qin Huiwen's reign, he plundered Yiqu in the north, conquered Xiping Bashu in the east, conquered Hangu in the east and conquered Shangyang in the south, which laid a solid foundation for Qin to unify China.

Qin Wuwang.

Qin Wuwang (329-307 years ago), also known as the King of Qin Wu Wang Lie and Qin Wuwang Ai, won the surname Dang Ming, the son of Wen Hui, the King of Qin during the Warring States Period, and reigned for 365,438+00-307 years.

During his reign, Qin Wuwang put down the Shu chaos, served as prime minister, pulled Yiyang, set Sanchuan, revised the land law, repaired the frontier, dredged rivers, built dikes and bridges.

Qin Wuwang is tall and strong. He likes wrestling with others. Hercules Ren Bi, Wu Huo, Meng Shuo and others have all become big officials. In the fourth year (307 BC), and Meng said that they would hold a "Long Wen" in the competition. As a result, it was definitely sold and broke the tibia. He expired at night and died at the age of 23.

28. Zhao Xiang, King of Qin

Xiang (325 BC-25 BC1), also known as won surname, Zhao, also known as Ji, son of Qin Huiwen.

Qin Wuwang's half-brother, the monarch of Qin during the Warring States Period, reigned from 306 BC to 25 BC1year, and was one of the longest reigning monarchs in the history of China.

I was a hostage in Yan State in my early years. Qin Wuwang died in the fourth year (307 BC). The king of Qin and his younger brother, Gongzi Bi, fought for a position and stood up. During his reign, Qin continued to expand.

The most famous battle of Changping, which decided the fate of Qin and Zhao, took place in the last years of Zhao Haoqi, the king of Qin. In the early days of Qin Zhaoxiang's rule, his mother Xu Antai came to power? Wei Ran, the consort, is the prime minister, and is known as "Wang Shao, who proclaimed the Queen Mother's autonomy and took Wei Ran as the government, making A Qin a lofty state".

Wei Ran recommended Bai Qi as a general, and defeated Sanjin, Qi, Chu and other countries successively, and gained Chu camps in Hedong, Nanyang, Guizhou and Chu of Wei.

In the forty-first year of the Qin Dynasty (266 BC), he listened to Wei's words, seized the right of the Empress dowager Xuan to make peace, worshipped him as the prime minister, and changed to the strategy of making friends far away and attacking near, and defeated Zhao in Changping.

He has effective ministers and generals such as Fan Ju and Wu Youleitian. In 256 BC, Luoyi, the capital of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, was captured, the Zhou Dynasty and the Western Zhou Dynasty were destroyed, and Zhou Nanwang was captured and moved to Xianyang, which laid one of the foundations for the victory of the Qin unification war.

Qin fought for many years, and in the last years of Zhao Haoqi, people's livelihood withered, and was jointly suppressed by the vassal states, and the results were discarded one by one. In the fifty-sixth year of Qin Zhaoxiang (25 BC1), King Zhao Xiang died at the age of 75.

29. Qin Xiaowen Wang

Qin Xiaowen (302 BC-250 BC165438+1October 14), also known as An, won the surname, Zhao, (in one form), was the monarch of Qin during the Warring States Period, the 35th monarch of Qin, and the second son of Qin. Only three days in office, he was the shortest monarch in the history of Qin.

In 250 BC, King Xiao Wen of Qin succeeded to the throne in Zhuan Xu in October. Three days later, he died at his father's funeral and was buried in Shouling. His son Qin Zhuang Wang Xiang succeeded to the throne.

30. Qinzhuang Wang Xiang

Qin Zhuang (28 1-247), also known as King Qin Zhuang, won surname, real name Zhao, later renamed Chu (), son of King Qin Xiaowen, father of Qin Shihuang, and monarch of Qin during the Warring States Period.

In his early years, he worked as a proton in Handan and Zhao, and later he became the monarch of Qin with the help of you. In the third year of Zhuang (247 BC), he died in Bingwu in May at the age of 35.

Qin Zhuang Wang Xiangling is located in Hansenzhai Village, Xincheng District, Xi City, Shaanxi Province. After his son Qin Shihuang established the Qin Dynasty, the king of Qinzhuang in posthumous title became the emperor's father.

3 1, Qin Shihuang

Qin Shihuang (259 BC-265438 BC+00 BC) won the surname Zhao, also known as,, or Zulong, the son of Wang Xiang of Qin Zhuang.

China is a famous politician, strategist and reformer in history, an iron-fisted politician who unified China, and the first monarch in China to be called the emperor.

Qin Shihuang was born in Handan (now Handan), the capital of Zhao State, and spent his youth here. In the first 247 years, 13 was king.

238 years ago, when I was 22 years old, I held the coronation ceremony of the monarch in Yongcheng, the old capital, and began to "manage state affairs personally", getting rid of Lv Buwei, Lao Ai and others, and reusing Lisi and Liao Wei.

From 230 to 22 1 year, Korea, Zhao, Wei, Chu, Yan and Qi were destroyed successively. At the age of 39, he completed the great cause of reunifying China, established a powerful centralized country with the Han nationality as the main body, and laid the territory of China.

Qin Shihuang thought his contribution was better than that of the previous Three Emperors and Five Emperors, and adopted the titles of "Emperor" and "Emperor" of Huang San. He was the first monarch to use the title of "Emperor" in the history of China, so he called himself "the first emperor".

At the same time, the central government implements three public officials and nine ministers to manage state affairs. The enfeoffment system was abolished at the local level and replaced by the county system. At the same time, books are written in the same language and cars are on the same track. Unified measurement. Attacking Xiongnu in the north, conquering Baiyue in the south, building the Great Wall of Wan Li, building Lingqu and connecting the water system.

However, in the later period, seeking immortals, entrapping the people and killing their wisdom shook the ruling foundation of the Qin Dynasty. 2 10 years ago, Qin Shihuang died in Xingtai sand dune on his way eastward.

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