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Xu Wei's related literature
Xu Wei, formerly known as Xu Baoxing, alias Hu Gongda and Xie, 1903, was born in Haimen, Jiangsu. His family is an old-school farmer, and his father Xu Xiling set up a private school (later named private farming primary school), taking teaching as his profession and working as an amateur farmer. Xu Wei studied here when he was a child. 19 14, Xu Wei entered a junior high school in Haimen county, and wrote in the entrance examination: I should not only be independent, but also let everyone in the world be independent.

19 19, Wei Xu entered Haimen Middle School. At school, Xu Wei is honest, educated and noble, and enjoys high prestige among his classmates. The school wants to use him to explain to the students. Unexpectedly, in a speech, Wei Xu exposed the headmaster as a profiteer, and there was an excuse for his dismissal. So, Xu Wei transferred to the middle school affiliated to Soochow University, and then went directly to the undergraduate course.

Wei Xu studied hard because his father and brother borrowed money from relatives and friends for his college education. Soochow University is a private university run by the British Christian Church, with a strong religious atmosphere and no freedom of speech. Inspired by the new ideological trend, Xu Wei consciously publicized new ideas, which attracted the attention of the school and was regarded as a "dangerous person". Once in a religious class, he insisted on atheism and argued with the teacher. The teacher was so angry that he reported to the dean that he insulted the teacher and religion, so he was expelled. 1922, Xu Wei transferred to Shanghai Southern University.

1924, after the scandal that Jiang Kanghu, the president of Southern University, knelt down privately to abolish Emperor Xuan Tong was exposed, Xu Wei and progressive teachers and students launched a movement to expel the Yangtze River, and then split from Southern University and established a national university. Wei Xu continued to study at school, studying English literature. During my school days, I joined the China * * * Production Party and served as the secretary of the Youth League branch. Under the direct leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League, he organized the Xiaoshadu Workers' Club, organized workers to attend night classes, helped them improve their political consciousness, and gained high prestige among the workers. During the May 30th Movement, he and several classmates went to Haimen to represent the Shanghai Students' Federation, telling the local people about the massacre of Gu Zhenghong, a worker shot by a Japanese cotton mill, and the patrol room in Shanghai, and raising money to support the striking workers in Shanghai.

1926, after graduating from university, Wei Xu became the secretary of the Chinese Youth League Committee in Xiaoshadu. Xiaoshadu is a place where Japanese cotton mills gather and there are many workers. At that time, the martyrs of Gu Zhenghong in the May 30th Movement died heroically here. Under the leadership of the Party, Xu Wei led other revolutionary intellectuals and organized workers to carry out revolutionary struggles and won again and again.

Xu Wei attaches great importance to youth work, pays attention to the role of the Youth League, and educates league members and young people to understand the revolutionary truth. He often says to the league members, "We are all screws on a machine, and we should play the role of screws." The Youth League in Xiaoshadu enjoys a high prestige among the workers, and its organization has been growing, from more than 100 to more than 300, becoming a powerful backbone force in the Shanghai workers' movement.

Because of Xu Wei's fruitful work,1February, 927, * * * Youth League held a representative meeting of Jiangsu and Zhejiang District in Shanghai, and he was elected as the secretary of Jiangsu and Zhejiang District Committee.

1927, Shanghai workers launched an armed riot for the third time and established the Shanghai Revolutionary Government. As a representative of revolutionary youth, Xu Wei was elected as a member of the government.

1927 After Chiang Kai-shek launched the April 12th coup, the Kuomintang reactionaries carried out a massacre. Xu Wei left Shanghai and arrived in Wuhan. He attended the Fifth Party Congress and the Fourth National Congress of the Communist Youth League and was elected as a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League.

After the April 12th Incident, the Hangzhou Youth League Committee was destroyed, and the Central Committee of the Youth League sent Xu Wei to Zhejiang to serve as the Standing Committee and Secretary of the Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League and organize and lead the workers and peasants movement.

1927165438+1On October 6th, a group of youths were mimeogramming a batch of leaflets in the Communist Youth League Committee of No.9 Funing Lane, Hangzhou to celebrate the October Revolution Day of the Soviet Union. A dozen heavily armed Kuomintang soldiers kicked open the door and rushed in. Before anyone else could react, Zhao Zhonglang, a member of the Standing Committee of the Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League and secretary-general, wiped the ink on his hand and stepped forward: "What can I do for you?"

"What is it? Who is in charge here? "

"I". Zhao Chonglang nodded and pointed to the other three people in the room. "They are handymen I hired to copy mimeographs."

"Let's go together!"

The soldiers took Zhao Zhonglang, Li Xin, Zheng Ziming and a man who called himself Hu Gongda.

After the case of Zhao Chonglang was sent to Zhejiang Special Criminal Court, Dean Qian Xiqiao has been full of doubts, especially the man who claimed to be Hu Gongda, who always felt that this was an unsolved mystery. According to Hu Gongda's own confession, he is from Jiashan, Zhejiang. He has just come out from his hometown to find a job in Hangzhou. When he was eating noodles in a noodle restaurant, he happened to meet Cao Zhong.

If this "coincidence" has made Qian Xiqiao unacceptable, then Hu Gongda's self-proclaimed junior high school culture makes Qian Xiqiao even more suspicious. Although Hu Gongda's prison registration form is crooked, Qian Xiqiao always thought that the crooked words were written on purpose.

Qian Xiqiao questioned Zhao Chonglang, saying that he did not believe that Zhao Chonglang was the head of the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee of the * * * production party, and the real head was one of the other three. As long as Zhao Zhonglang names the man, he is expected to be released immediately. Qian Xiqiao clearly told Zhao Chonglang that the person in charge of the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee in China was undoubtedly sentenced to death.

Zhao Chonglang smiled indifferently: "Of course I want to live, but I can't help it, because I am really in charge."

For Xu Wei, the months after her arrest were very difficult.

1October 6 1927 165438+ When he was arrested, he didn't expect Zhao Zhonglang to come forward so quickly and say that he was the head of the provincial party committee of the * * * production party, and he didn't expect Zhao Zhonglang to describe him as a temporary handyman.

At first, Xu Wei was very unhappy. The head of the provincial party Committee is obviously himself. How can you let Zhao Zhonglang take the risk of being an impostor? But he can't refute it. The reason why Zhao Chonglang wants to protect him with his own life is obviously because Zhao Chonglang thinks that his life is more meaningful than his own survival. Now that Zhao Zhonglang has made a choice, he has no reason to interfere with Zhao Zhonglang's plan.

But Zhao Chonglang defines him as a handyman, and it is not so easy to play this role well. Although he has not been transferred to Zhejiang for a long time, he is the head of the provincial party Committee and knows many people, but as a handyman, he must pretend not to know these people. For this reason, Xu Wei, who was imprisoned, has been trying to avoid contact with the outside world, and spent all day in the corner of the prison. In the case of fresh air, he walked alone, and his hat brim was very low. If you meet a comrade you used to know, he always tries to avoid it, but he can't avoid it. He just nodded and said hello.

He must also pay attention to adapt to his "primary education". This is one of the most painful adaptations. Comrades in the same prison can openly study economics and read foreign languages, but he can't. He can only read Water Margin and The Journey to the West. Seeing that other comrades were reading English, he had no choice but to secretly read it for a while, and no one paid attention.

He knew he had to try to hide himself. On one occasion, the prison authorities took positive photos of all prisoners, which was a step for the enemy to expand the reconnaissance clues, and he passively resisted. When the photographer pressed the shutter, he suddenly lowered his head. I was so angry that the photographer called me a "fool" twice in a row.

He must remember that he is a hired handyman, and only by consistently "playing" this role can he survive.

1927165438+1October 20th, in a letter to his eldest brother Xu Baokang, he also claimed to be so. Eldest brother is a primary school teacher, but I feel the harmonious heartbeat of the sacred unicorn. After receiving the letter, he immediately wrote back to Wei Xu under the pseudonym of Hu Gongtang, expressing his understanding of his situation.

In this way, three months have passed, both uneasy and full of hope. He knew that Qian Xiqiao did not believe his confession, but he also saw that Qian Xiqiao did not catch him.

However, the good times did not last long, and he was taken into the trial court of Qian Xiqiao. At this time, he didn't know that the traitor had betrayed him.

Good morning, Mr. Hu! )

Qian Xiqiao suddenly popped out an English sentence. Wei Xu was shocked, but he soon calmed himself down. Obviously, Qian Xiqiao is conducting a new round of exploration. He ignored him, pursed his lips and said nothing.

It is impolite for you not to answer. Mr. Xu Wei, Mr. Xie! )

Xu Wei was taken aback. It turns out that Qian Xiqiao has completely mastered his true identity! He also said in English:

"Now that you know my situation, you can do whatever you want. What is there to talk about? "

"No, no, just because we have mastered your identity, we should have a good talk!"

Qian Xiqiao has a sincere attitude. He told Xu Wei that he was a very talented person and would never allow a talented young man like Xu Wei to destroy him at will. Although Xu Wei is a well-known wanted man of the Shanghai Municipal Government, as long as he issues a statement to withdraw from the producer of * * *, he will definitely use his own life to ensure his own safety.

Xu Wei narrowed his eyes, and when Qian Xiqiao finished talking, he solemnly told Qian Xiqiao that if he could answer his three questions, he would quit the * * * production party.

He raised three questions, all involving Sun Yat-sen's three major policies of uniting Russia, uniting with * * *, and helping the peasants and workers. Qian Xiqiao couldn't answer any of them.

"Sorry, since you can't answer, of course I won't quit the * * * production party!"

After the showdown, Xu Wei knew that his life was coming to an end. He wrote this poem:

The predecessors went, and the descendants came. Life and death are ordinary, He Zudao.

I hope this life is meaningful, but I will die early and live late.

Life and death are too late or too early, and the grey horse is barking outside the door.

Go out and cross the horse to go home, the cock crows far away.

He likes reading kuprin's novel The Grey Horse. Kuprin, a Russian anarchist, used the allusions in the New Testament to compare the grey horse to a god of death, thinking that human death is nothing more than changing from one scene to another. Xu Wei appreciated kuprin's natural and unrestrained temperament about death and wrote this poem in the format of grey horse.

From then on, Xu told his friends about the revolutionary truth. He used the opportunity of the lookout to talk with individual comrades and arrange underground work in the prison. He asked party members to treat the prison as a party school and read more books whenever they have the chance, such as Cai Hesen's History of Social Evolution. Most political prisoners in military prisons do not know about the August 7th meeting of the Party and the "agrarian revolution". Xu Wei introduced the spirit of the meeting to friends in difficulties every day, criticized Chen Duxiu's right opportunism and publicized the party's agrarian revolutionary program. He took advantage of this opportunity to spread the news widely.

1928 In April, Xu Wei wrote letters to his mother, brother and friends respectively. He must take care of the funeral before the executioner does it.

In a suicide note to a friend Zhou, he wrote:

"Ming Zan:

One knife must be cut, and the days are numbered. Take this opportunity to leave a few words. Knowing each other all my life, once and for all, is rather gloomy. But I don't think there is any pain in death. Those who left before me have already left, and those who came after me will come. Living in this era bears the mission of this era, and the value of life is measured by the work people have done for that era. Shortening the duration of life is not a problem, so there is no need for nostalgia and sadness. However, like me, I am a little reluctant to disappear without making great contributions to this historical stage. But at the same time, my unfinished project has been completed by others, but it will take more effort and time. The sun will come out soon, and the darkness will eventually be eliminated. It's nothing to die so early! "

1928 One afternoon in early May, the guard nicknamed Judge Li took a bunch of keys and asked Wei Xu and other four people to "arraign". After he pulled Xu Wei out of prison, Xu Wei asked loudly, "How many were shot today?" "Judge Li" was so surprised that he dropped his keys and list on the ground that he couldn't even speak. Wei Xu and three other comrades swaggered out of the iron gate and turned to their friends in trouble and shouted, "Comrades, we are going to part with you today. Keep working hard!" * * * Long live the Production Party! "

The Kuomintang reactionaries knew that Xu Wei was a tough guy, so they gathered more than 100 people from the provincial party department and the puppet provincial government to visit. Xu Wei and other four people shouted "Long live the * * * production party" all the way. The judge did not dare to reveal his identity, and ordered a dozen guards to hold the hands of four revolutionaries tightly and go straight to the execution ground.

More than 300 political prisoners in the army prison were very moved when they heard the four martyrs shouting slogans. They sang international songs in unison to thank the four martyrs. During the execution, every time a shot was fired, the living friends shouted "Long live the production party!" Until the fourth shot. The Kuomintang "visitors" were shocked and went back in frustration. I believe that "there are such a group of people who are not afraid of death."

"The sun will come out soon, and the darkness will eventually be eliminated. It's nothing to die so early. " This is a hero's heartfelt language, a true reflection of Xu Wei's proletarian revolutionary outlook on life and death and noble revolutionary sentiment, and also Xu Wei's belief in revolutionary victory and yearning for a better future.