1. expanded the ruling base and strengthened centralization.

2. Break the monopoly of aristocratic families on officialdom.

3. Ensure the source of administrative personnel in authoritarian government, and let scholars with considerable cultural literacy enter politics, thus creating conditions for improving administrative efficiency.

4. It also promotes a universal and lasting reading fashion, which is conducive to the formation of a social atmosphere that attaches importance to learning.

5. From the perspective of seeking justice and fairness, it is reasonable to take strict examination as the way to select officials.

Disadvantages:

However, most of its themes and contents are not beyond the scope of Confucian classics, especially stereotyped writing in Ming and Qing Dynasties, and most of them are people who lack enterprising spirit and creative consciousness. As an official selection method with distinctive China characteristics, it is actually a system to lure "heroes of the world" into the highest power control.

Imperial examination system:

It is a system for ancient scholars in China to take part in the national selection examination. It was a system of selecting officials by examination from the feudal dynasty after Sui Dynasty. It is called imperial examination because it adopts the method of selecting scholars by subjects. The imperial examination system was implemented from the Sui Dynasty until it was abolished in the 31st year of Guangxu (1905) of the Qing government.

Ming Jing and Jinshi:

In Zhenguan, imperial examinations are divided into Ming Classics and Jinshi, and Ming Classics mainly tests candidates' ability to recite Confucian classics. The Jinshi part includes policy questions, additional classics and essays (mainly poetry and prose later), aiming at solving practical social problems and examining candidates' ability to govern the country.

The characteristics of imperial examination system:

1. From the cultural origin, the imperial examination system is the product of the Confucian policy of "great unification" and the idea of elite governing the country under specific historical conditions, which embodies the value orientation of China's traditional culture.

2. From the way and principle of selecting talents, the imperial examination system takes examination as the core, sets up subjects separately and is open to the majority of scholars. To some extent, it has the principles of fair competition and merit-based admission.

3. As far as its development track and functional changes are concerned, the imperial examination system has experienced the historical process of establishment, development, prosperity and decline. There are obvious stage characteristics. With the development of history and society, the imperial examination system has gradually become the shackles of talent growth.

4. In terms of time, the imperial examination system was abolished from Sui Dynasty to the end of Qing Dynasty, which lasted nearly 1300 years, greatly affecting the development of China's ancient cultural thoughts and the ideological evolution of intellectuals.

What progress has the imperial examination system made compared with the nine-grade system?

1. Make the intellectuals in Buyi enter the official career and enter the political arena. The standard for evaluating the nine grades is family background. Those who come from rich families can be rated as top grade, while those who come from poor families can only be rated as bottom grade, which leads to the phenomenon that "top grade has no poverty, and bottom grade has no gentry". The imperial examination system is open to scholars from all walks of life and implements relatively fair competition. Especially in the Song Dynasty, the role of family status could not be brought into play.

2. It is conducive to the selection of talents with real skills and practical learning. It is precisely because the evaluation standard of Jiupin is family status that the aristocratic dude can be made an official without real talent and learning, and the children of poor families can not be made an official even if they are talented and excellent. The imperial examination system has the principle of merit-based admission, and with the development, it has also increased the provincial examination, the general examination and the palace examination. This makes it impossible for the children of the gentry without real talent and learning to obtain official positions through their families, while the children of the civilian landlords with real talent and learning can be promoted rapidly, and the country has also elected people with real talent and learning.

3. The state has mastered the power of selecting officials, which has expanded the ruling foundation of the landlord class and is conducive to promoting social development. During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the influence of the gentry gradually grew, and they gradually mastered the power of the state. Therefore, the Jiupin Zhong Zheng system is nominally a system designated by the state to evaluate the rank of Zhong Zheng, but it is actually a promotion tool manipulated by the gentry. The imperial examination system was presided over by the Ministry of Rites and examined by the emperor after the court examination. Only in this way can the country really have the power to choose officials.

The establishment and perfection of the imperial examination system;

1. Reason:

Since the Wei and Jin Dynasties, officials were mostly selected from the children of the gentry, while the children of the common people, who were really talented and knowledgeable, could not be senior officials. With the decline of the gentry and the rise of civilian landlords, it was impossible to continue to pay attention to Jiupin in Wei and Jin Dynasties.

2. Purpose: to ease class contradictions, attract talents, crack down on powerful landlords and strengthen centralization.

3. Create:

In the Sui Dynasty, Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty began to select officials by examination of different subjects. By the time of Yang Di in Sui Dynasty, the imperial examination was formally established, and the imperial examination system was formally established.

4. Development:

In the Tang Dynasty, Emperor Taizong attached importance to the cultivation and selection of talents, expanded the scale of Chinese studies, expanded the learning museum and increased the number of students. Wu Zetian strongly advocated the imperial examination and increased the imperial examination and martial arts. During Xuanzong period of Tang Dynasty, senior officials were appointed to preside over the examination, which improved the status of the imperial examination. Poetry and prose were the main examination contents of Jinshi.

The significance of imperial examination system;

1. The imperial examination system is a great progress of the feudal official selection system, which broke through the monopoly of aristocratic families on official career and played a role in restraining the family;

2. The imperial examination system expanded the sources of officials, and a large number of humble civilian landlords and intellectuals participated in the political power through the imperial examination. "The big one is on the stage, and the small one is the county";

3. The imperial examination system closely links reading, examination and being an official, which improves the cultural quality of officials;

The imperial examination centralized the right of selecting talents and appointing officials in the hands of local gentry in the hands of the central government, which greatly strengthened centralization and was conducive to political stability.

The Influence of Imperial Examination System on the Historical Process of China and the World;

1. attacked the decadent gentry forces and expanded the ruling foundation of the feudal dynasty.

2. The imperial examination system was used from Sui and Tang Dynasties to the end of Qing Dynasty, which had a far-reaching impact on the education, talent cultivation and the development of literature and art in China feudal society.

3. With the development of feudal society, the imperial examination system in Ming and Qing dynasties went to extremes, which became a tool for rulers to destroy talents and cultivate loyal servants, and hindered the development of intellectual thoughts.

4. The imperial examination system in ancient China was the earliest examination system in the world, which had an important influence on world civilization. Some excellent measures handed down from the imperial examination system are still used and developed by China and other countries in the world.