1, the types of social contradictions and disputes at the grassroots level tend to be diversified. Social contradictions and disputes at the grassroots level have expanded from traditional marriage and family, neighborhood relations, small debts and minor infringement to social hot spots and difficulties such as demolition and resettlement, land acquisition compensation, labor disputes, environmental protection, traffic accidents and doctor-patient disputes, and their proportion has obviously expanded.
2. The manifestations of social contradictions and disputes at the grassroots level tend to gather people. Many grass-roots social contradictions have changed from individual behavior in the past to gathering behavior now, and all kinds of social contradictions and disputes involve a wider and more complicated scope. Disputes involving group interests, such as demolition and resettlement, land acquisition compensation and enterprise restructuring, have increased the number of various interest groups and easily evolved from general disputes to group contradictions. There are more and more phenomena of gathering people to repeat letters and visits, or even pestering, harassing and leapfrog visits.
3. The causes of social contradictions and disputes at the grass-roots level are often complicated. All kinds of social contradictions and disputes are caused by inconsistent implementation policies and inadequate work measures. For example, in some places, the policy guarantees of demolition and resettlement and land acquisition compensation are inconsistent and unbalanced, and the reform policies of public institutions are implemented differently, and the income gap of retirees in enterprises and institutions is widening year by year. There are also public opinion disputes brought about by government investment in public facilities such as environmental protection; There are also conflicts of economic interests. For example, affected by the international financial crisis and the market environment, enterprises have difficulties in operating and the capital chain is broken, leading to wage arrears, bank loans and private lending. Some people point the finger at poor government supervision because they are involved in illegal fund-raising. Accidents such as identification and compensation for traffic accidents, medical disputes and accidental personal injuries also exist in large numbers.
4. The development process of social contradictions and disputes at the grass-roots level tends to be antagonistic. Some people are often extremely irrational in contradictions and disputes. In disputes involving demolition, relocation and medical accidents, we are divorced from reality, blindly comparing, misunderstanding and persisting. If their demands and their abnormal interests are not met, they will have strong antagonism and behavior towards the government. Some people have psychological imbalance due to the gap between the rich and the poor, conflict of ideas, social equity and other factors, resulting in bad psychology of hating the rich, officials and even the whole society. When encountering contradictions and disputes, their emotions are easily out of control and extreme measures are taken to intensify contradictions. Some people have a weak legal awareness and a mentality of "making a mountain out of a molehill and solving big problems". They believe that only by making trouble in the province and the central government can the grassroots be forced to solve the problem. Even, some people with ulterior motives collude with hostile forces at home and abroad or use the Internet to quickly see various sensitive events and rumors in the society, or distort the truth and exaggerate hype, or spread rumors to confuse people, incite unstable emotions and create unstable events.
Second, establish a new concept of preventing and resolving social contradictions at the grassroots level.
1, based on source prevention, realize the transformation of social management from passive stability to active stability. Adhere to the height of treating both the symptoms and root causes, focus on building a source governance system, move forward the social management barrier, optimize the macro environment of grassroots social management, and prevent, reduce and resolve social contradictions and conflicts to the maximum extent by safeguarding and improving people's livelihood, optimizing the public service system, promoting social fairness and justice, and improving the scientific, democratic and rule-of-law decision-making mechanism.
2. Smooth the expression of demands and realize the transformation of social governance from administrative control to democratic consultation. Adhere to the premise of ensuring the right of expression of all stakeholders, establish a mechanism for interest expression and coordination, continuously expand the participation of the masses in public policy formulation and public affairs decision-making, fully implement the masses' right to know, choose, participate and supervise on the basis of unblocking public opinion channels, improving grassroots democracy and full democratic consultation, safeguard their own rights and interests in accordance with democratic procedures, and resolve conflicts of interest.
3. Strengthen the investigation of contradictions and realize the transformation from post-event disposal of social contradictions to pre-event prevention. Adhere to prevention first, mediation first, strive for initiative and prevent intensification. By establishing and perfecting the early warning mechanism, investigation mechanism and public security prevention and control system of social contradictions, we can eliminate social contradictions in the bud or even before, minimize the cost of maintaining stability, and achieve the highest level of social management.
4. Standardize the mediation of contradictions and realize the protection of rights and interests from relying on letters and visits to safeguarding rights according to law. Effectively establish legal authority, bring the solution of social contradictions into the track of rule of law, and make the rule of law a long-term and institutionalized means to solve social contradictions and conflicts. For all kinds of social contradictions and disputes, we should guide the masses to rationally reflect their demands according to law, safeguard their rights and interests through legal procedures and legal means, and promote the formation of a social environment in which they act according to law, find ways to solve problems, and rely on the law to resolve conflicts.
5. Focus on diversified solutions and realize the transition from single mode to comprehensive linkage. Efforts should be made to build a "grand mediation" working system with people's mediation as the mainstay, supplemented by judicial mediation, administrative mediation and arbitration mediation. By innovating mediation organizations, improving the joint mediation mechanism and strengthening the construction of emergency management system, comprehensively using legal, policy, economic and administrative means, education, consultation, guidance and other methods, people are encouraged to choose reasonable ways to solve contradictions and disputes, standardize relevant mediation procedures, and realize the diversification, rationalization and institutionalization of the contradiction and dispute resolution mechanism.
Third, create a mechanism for preventing and resolving social contradictions at the grassroots level.
(a) adhere to the people's livelihood priority, innovative establishment of source prevention mechanism.
1. Establish a public decision-making mechanism in which the interests of the masses are paramount. Governments at all levels should gradually realize the complete disclosure of policies and decision-making objectives, and take "whether the masses are willing, supportive and beneficial" as the decision-making objective, and form a scientific and democratic public decision-making mechanism that conforms to public opinion. It is necessary to expand social participation in public decision-making, let different interest groups fully express their demands before the introduction of policies and decisions, realize the benign interaction between the government and society, reach a balance in game and compromise, and form an open and socialized interest expression mechanism. It is necessary to actively promote the construction of social organizations related to communities and enterprises, give full play to their functions of reflecting demands, standardizing behaviors and regulating interests, fully communicate with the government, express the wishes of different groups, and form a broad, standardized and orderly social consultation and dialogue mechanism. It is necessary to release public opinions in advance before the introduction of government policies and decisions, and actively absorb and adopt the positive and reasonable opinions and suggestions of the masses; Make the government's policy initiatives and major decisions have a broad social foundation and a reliable mass base, improve the feasibility and effectiveness of decision-making, and improve public recognition, acceptance and satisfaction.
2. Improve the public service mechanism and promote social equity. The administrative actions of governments at all levels should strive to achieve the unity of giving priority to people's livelihood, highlighting efficiency and maintaining social fairness. It is necessary to coordinate and promote economic and social development, and do a good job in the development and management of public services such as medical and health care, public education, employment, social security, public transportation and environmental protection. To meet the diverse needs of the masses for public service products. It is necessary to implement the spirit of "social policy should support the bottom" of the central government, give full play to the function of public policy in regulating social contradictions, continuously improve the level of social security and public service capacity, intensify the innovation of public policies such as education, employment, social security, housing, medical care, and anti-poverty, and appropriately tilt to the disadvantaged groups, so as to make the distribution of benefits more fair, just and open, and ensure the broad masses to share the fruits of reform and development from the system. Actively promote the reform of income distribution system, build a scientific, reasonable, fair and just social income distribution system, focus on improving the income level of low-income people, expand the proportion of middle-income people, effectively adjust excessive income, ban illegal income, strive to alleviate the trend of widening income distribution gap, and adjust social interest relations from the distribution pattern.
3. Innovate the education guidance mechanism and carry forward the core values. All levels should creatively use various effective media, educate and guide the masses to correctly view the objectivity of social interest relations and distribution gap, express their interests in a reasonable and legal way, and pursue personal interests in line with both legal and moral requirements. First, extensively carry out legal education, broaden the legal publicity channels, carefully sort out the legal paths to solve common contradictions and disputes, and strengthen publicity in a form that the masses like, so that the concept of safeguarding rights by the rule of law is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. The second is to strengthen the education of socialist core values, vigorously advocate the concept of a harmonious society, and carry forward the traditional civilized etiquette such as "Harmony is the most important thing, Harmony is the most important thing", "Distant relatives are not as close as neighbors", "Value righteousness over profit, and reciprocate courtesy", and make persistent and long-term publicity. The third is to strengthen warning-oriented education, take a few typical examples that are entangled and punished for breaking the law as negative teaching materials, play a deterrent and warning role, and correct the wrong understanding that "something must be made a fuss, letters and visits do not believe in the law, and letters and visits do not believe in it".
4. Strengthen the social stability risk assessment mechanism for major issues. The social stability risk assessment of major issues should strictly control the "five customs": First, governance according to law, and the project should pass the "rule of law". Before the implementation of various policies, measures and major issues, it is necessary to review whether they comply with the provisions of laws, regulations and related policies. Second, the evaluation is separated, and the implementation has to go through "procedure clearance". Change the original practice of "who makes the decision, who evaluates" and "who establishes the project, who evaluates", separate evaluation from decision-making, and conduct systematic and professional scientific evaluation by a third party. The third is mutual benefit and win-win, and the evaluation must pass the "public opinion". All policies, measures and major issues closely related to the interests of the masses must obtain the understanding, consent and support of the majority of the masses before implementation. Fourth, it is scientific and reasonable, and the decision-making must pass the "grading barrier". The stable risk can be divided into four levels, and the smaller risk is four levels, which can be implemented; The third level has certain risks but can be controlled and implemented step by step; There is a great risk that it may lead to extreme events of groups or individuals, which is difficult to control in the short term and the implementation is suspended; There are serious risks that may lead to serious stability-related events, and these risks are 1 and have not been implemented. The fifth is to clarify the responsibility, and the follow-up must pass the "assessment pass". The risk control of social stability on major issues requires not only pre-assessment, but also phased assessment and post-assessment to intervene in maintaining stability as appropriate and avoid passive situations such as suspension of implementation. The stability department should track and supervise the risk assessment of major issues, and implement quantitative assessment in combination with the overall responsibility system for safety construction.
(two) based on grassroots settlement, and constantly improve the mediation mechanism according to law.
1, do village (community) level, and realize small things without leaving the village. According to the requirements of laying a solid foundation and solving the source, the village (community) mediation room is established. First, strengthen the mediation network construction, and bring the enterprises (units) within the jurisdiction into the village (community) mediation room to ensure that the internal contradictions of enterprises can be resolved by themselves, and the contradictions between enterprises can be mediated by the community, and the simple contradictions in the community can be eliminated on the spot. Second, we should improve the quality of the mediation team, select good mediation cadres, and recruit people who have grassroots work experience and love mediation; Carry out the people's mediation system with awards instead of compensation to enhance the enthusiasm of grassroots mediators. The third is to standardize grassroots mediation work, strengthen the construction of software and hardware of mediation rooms in villages, communities, enterprises and markets, build grassroots mediation brands, establish grassroots mediation images, and enhance the credibility of people's mediation.
2, strengthen the town (street) level, realize the event out of town. In accordance with the requirements of comprehensive promotion and standardized operation, strengthen the construction of town (street) level mediation platform. First, strengthen organizational leadership, and set up a town-level mediation leading group and office with leaders in charge as the team leader and heads of civil affairs, urban management, social security, safety supervision and other departments as members. Second, strengthen the integration of resources, set up relevant professional mediation committees or special mediation groups in line with the principles of intensive resources, convenient for the masses and quick disposal, clarify work responsibilities and workflow, and improve the docking mechanism of litigation, public mediation, political mediation, interview and assistance. The third is to improve the working mechanism and establish a diversified contradiction resolution mechanism with the participation of various departments and lines. All departments are responsible for the division of labor and cooperate with each other, forming a large mediation work pattern of social contradictions and disputes with the participation of government departments at the same level and all walks of life.
3, do fine area (city) level, to achieve things difficult to get out of the area. In accordance with the requirements of integrating resources and overcoming difficulties, it will become a district-level social contradictions and disputes mediation center. First, we must coordinate and operate according to the facts. The main leaders of the District Committee are the leaders of the mediation center, and the relevant departments such as justice, letters and visits, public security, labor and trade unions are members, so that the "three major mediations" of the people, politics and law can operate on a platform. Second, centralized management and unified acceptance. Incorporate professional mediation such as doctor-patient disputes, traffic accidents, labor disputes and land transfer into the "center", focusing on mediating major contradictions and disputes involving multiple departments across regions. Third, it is necessary to clarify the responsibilities and deal with them separately. In accordance with the "four unifications" standard of reception, acceptance, mediation and filing, we will realize "one-stop acceptance, one-stop service and package solution" and achieve "difficulties will not leave the area and contradictions will not turn over".
4, three levels of linkage, to achieve the contradiction is not intensified. According to the mode of territorial acceptance and joint mediation, the joint mediation of districts (cities), towns (streets) and villages (communities) shall be implemented. For contradictions and disputes involving a large number of people and complicated situations, after the village (community) accepts them, it invites the town (street) mediation organization to conduct joint mediation; Particularly complex and difficult contradictions and disputes shall be jointly mediated by the district, town and village levels; For major contradictions and disputes, the implementation of the district in charge of the leadership package to solve. It is necessary to sort out the key and difficult contradictions accumulated in the history of leapfrog petitions such as land acquisition and demolition, establish a mechanism of "consultation, judgment and comprehensive resolution", resolve a key contradiction, build a solid foundation for social stability, and create a harmonious social environment.
5, the supremacy of law, to achieve orderly mediation according to law. The core of resolving contradictions and disputes is safeguarding rights. In order to ensure the order of people's rights protection, we must innovate the mechanism of resolving social contradictions according to law. It is necessary to publicize, explain and mediate the work with laws and regulations to the masses and explain the law to the people; Solve disputes through legal means such as litigation and arbitration, ensure fairness and justice in individual cases, and attract people to believe in the law; Those who stir up trouble, maliciously attack the party and government, and disrupt social order shall be dealt with according to law, so that the disruptors will fear the law; Standardize local legislation, embody scientific development and enforce the law for the people from laws and regulations, and let the people love the law; The government uses administrative and non-litigation mediation methods to solve hot and difficult problems fairly and reasonably within the framework of the legal system, so that the administration conforms to the law; Establish a long-term mechanism of "one village (community) and one legal adviser", carry out legal physical examination of village affairs, answer questions for the masses and help the grassroots to use them. It is necessary to strengthen the work of legal aid, innovate and establish a mechanism to help people (families) who have difficulties in resolving social contradictions, and improve the judicial assistance system, including judicial administrative legal aid, court judicial assistance, public security procuratorial criminal victim assistance, and traffic accident compensation assistance.
(3) Strengthen system management and control, and strive to build a comprehensive governance mechanism.
1, broaden the channels for understanding social conditions and public opinion. Governments and departments at all levels should widely listen to the voices of the people, vigorously carry out visits to villages, enterprises, households and points, and constantly strengthen communication between government departments and the masses. It is necessary to guide public opinion in a timely manner, conscientiously implement the responsibility system of first inquiry agency for window units, answer questions from the masses in a timely manner, respond to their demands in a timely manner, and appease their dissatisfaction in a timely manner. We must seriously address the needs of the masses, improve the autonomy of villagers (residents), strengthen social management at the grassroots level, strive to improve the service capacity of community platforms, and provide all-weather services such as life, consultation, affairs, e-commerce and enterprise services for the masses.
2. Implement refined management of flexible power grid. All levels should change the concept of social management, adhere to people-oriented, emphasize humanistic care, take good governance as the goal, and realize the maximization of public interests. On the basis of the successful implementation of flat community management, we will deepen and improve grid management and group service, and form an active and effective cooperative relationship between the government and grassroots autonomous organizations. Need to bring markets, houses, shops, etc. Incorporate into the scope of service management, and provide care for the masses in terms of political participation, spiritual culture, and life communication, so that "every piece of land is carefully managed and every household serves attentively."
3. Implement the daily guidance system for maintaining stability. The work of maintaining stability must start with daily guidance. Party and government leading cadres should make use of public opinion feedback channels such as internet, hotline and leaders' visit to Japan, and often directly understand social conditions, public opinions and demands of the masses, and communicate face to face with the masses. Adhere to the system of regular monthly visits to villages and enterprises, observe people's feelings, solve people's worries, help people in need, do practical things and do good things, and turn mass petitions into cadres' next visits. It is necessary to do a good job in daily stability guidance, combine the investigation of contradictions and disputes, guide the grassroots to resolve while investigating, and report the problems found during the visit immediately and solve them in time; For problems that cannot be solved immediately, determine the responsible person to deal with them and reply within a time limit.
4. Form the joint efforts of all sectors of society. The work of preventing and resolving social contradictions at the grassroots level cannot be separated from the support and participation of all sectors of society. It is necessary to give full play to the role of NPC deputies, CPPCC members, intermediaries and various social organizations in serving the society, reflect their demands on behalf of relevant groups, and negotiate with the government and relevant departments to mediate contradictions and disputes. We should give full play to the role of mass organizations such as workers and young women. In terms of reflecting demands, safeguarding rights and providing services, we actively explore the project-based operation of social services in accordance with the way of "government-led promotion, autonomous operation of associations and multi-party participation of society". It is necessary to support and promote mass organizations such as workers, youth and women to expand their service targets, and bring non-public enterprises and new citizens into the ranks of key service assistance.
5, improve the leadership's ability to prevent and resolve social contradictions. To effectively prevent and resolve social contradictions at the grassroots level, we must strengthen the construction of party and government leading bodies at all levels. First, we must focus on improving our ability to govern for the people. Always care about the masses, and all public policies, public decisions and work measures should conform to the wishes of the masses and the requirements of laws and regulations, which is conducive to the sustainable development of the region and the long-term interests of the masses. Second, we must focus on improving the system management and control capabilities. Adhere to the working methods of starting from the "front", taking prevention as the "foundation", starting from the "bottom", adjusting to "dike", starting from "small things" and focusing on smoothness, and improve the source prevention mechanism, consolidate the three-level mediation platform, unblock the channels for people's appeals, improve people's livelihood security, improve the mediation network, strengthen grassroots social management, and improve community service capacity and care. Third, strive to improve the working ability of the masses. Fully understanding the improvement of the working ability of the masses is actually the improvement of the ability to solve contradictions. Through the mass line education and practice activities, we should effectively improve the ability of investigation and study, grasp the truth, improve the ability of scientific decision-making, democratic decision-making and legal decision-making, improve the ability of solving problems and resolving contradictions, and improve the ability of propaganda, organization and mobilization of the masses.