Chu, a great southern country, was once prosperous. His ancestral home in Zhou Chengwang was founded in Jingshan, and gained great prestige in Hubei. Later, he won the title of Zhou, and then became one of the five tyrants and seven chivalrous men. In its heyday, it had land in the east to Binhai and in the west to Bashan and Wushan, which was the most extensive and populous of the vassal States. The grandeur of "rescuing foreigners" and "returning to the summer" determines that the development of Chu is bound to soar, and it will be amazing, and it is unique among the pre-Qin vassal States that have the potential to get rid of dust. Chu culture is rich, from science to witchcraft, from aesthetics to art, from philosophy to literature. It builds a profound system, shows unparalleled imagination and creativity, and shows itself in all aspects in an original form, which can also be seen in jade articles. Jade cong with animal face During the Warring States Period (475 BC-22 BC1year) and 1978, the jade cong (cóng) unearthed from the tomb of Zeng Houyi in Sui County, Hubei Province is a kind of cylindrical jade with an inner circle and an outer circle, which respectively represents a round place and symbolizes heaven and earth. Documentary records and archaeological excavations show that jade cong has two functions and significance: one is as a sacrificial vessel, that is, as Zhou Li said, it is a sacrificial vessel for the vast land; Second, it is a symbol of power and wealth. The tombs unearthed in Yu Cong are of high specifications, large scale and rich funerary objects. Few jade cong were unearthed after the Warring States Period. This jade cong is made of Hetian jade sapphire, with a ferocious animal face pattern engraved on both sides of the surface. When unearthed, it was beautifully carved and laid flat on the left side of the tomb owner's head. Jade cong is light and plain, and this one is the only jade cong with patterns in the Warring States period. "Zhou Li? Examination records? " "Jade Man" has the saying that "Zhuan Xu is eight inches long, and princes enjoy their wives", which means decoration. This proves the truth of the description of plexus. This sentence means to dedicate Congcong to the wife of the hired monarch. Yu Pei and Yu Pei, the upper group of painted female statues, are part of the costume. Yu Pei is a large group, founded in the Western Zhou Dynasty. It is a kind of ornamental jade hanging on the body, which is made up of several jade pieces connected in series. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the nobles of Chu were still decorated with gorgeous Yu Pei to show their noble status. They use all kinds of flowers, walls, rings, dragons, phoenixes and tigers in series as the main components and use them symmetrically in groups. These groups of Yu Pei's components can be used as accessories alone or in series to add a rich atmosphere. Archaeological excavations show that the higher the social status of nobles, the more complicated and longer the Yu Pei string ornaments they wear, the more exquisite they are made, while the lower their social status, the simpler and shorter the ornaments become. This set consists of 6 pieces of walls, 2 pieces of jun, 2 sets of collars, 4 pieces of jade scales, 1 dragon-shaped accessories, 2 pieces of jun-shaped tubes, 26 pieces of shell-shaped ornaments, 232 jade beads and 1 glass beads, all of which are finely crafted. According to textual research, its owner was a prominent Chu nobleman in the Warring States Period. Unearthed from the Tomb of the Warring States at Zhongzhou Road 13 16 in Luoyang, Yu Pei, it is in the shape of a dragon and phoenix, unearthed in the Warring States Period in Yu Pei (AD 475-22 BC1year), unearthed in Xiongjia Cemetery in Jingzhou, Hubei Province, and Yu Pei in Jingzhou Museum, which looks like a phoenix snake of pterosaurs. The dragon bends its neck, curls its body and curls its tail; Phoenix perches in the dragon's tail, and its beak looks back; The snail's tail is connected with the dragon's tail. The head of the dragon body is carved with eyes, nose and horns, the feet are carved with claws and the tail is carved with horns, and the trunk is carved with moire and valley patterns; The phoenix body is carved with feathers; The cockroach's body is engraved with valley lines and hook lines. Dragon, phoenix, snake and jade are rare, and the combination of the three is likely to have the effect of exorcising evil spirits and preserving good fortune because of its noble and supernatural nature. The whole device is unique in design, ingenious in conception and peculiar in shape. It is an exquisite jade article in the Warring States period. Yu Pei's cultural relics in Henan Museum were unearthed at TombNo. Si Xia 1 in Xichuan, Henan Province, and belonged to the tiger-shaped Yu Pei in the Spring and Autumn Period (770- 476 BC). There is also the same jade tiger wearing a tomb, which is made of the same jade material, so the color and shape are exactly the same. There are two holes in the mouth and tail of this pair of jade tiger ornaments, which can be fastened. Obviously, they are symmetrically used as clothes hangers in Yu Pei. The tiger is bow-shaped, with its front and rear limbs curled and connected with its trunk. Its thick tail is rolled up in the opposite direction to the back of the bow, and its end is gradually tapered into a vortex. The contracted body seems to contain abundant life energy. There are subtle curves on the back of the tiger, which vividly depicts the physical characteristics of this wild animal. The combination of thick and thin lines and lines forms a gorgeous decorative effect, and the carving is extremely fine, which is a fine jade in the Spring and Autumn Period. In ancient times, the tiger symbolized cruelty, which meant eliminating the "five poisons" and suppressing evil. The hollowed-out double-dragon head yellow jade unearthed from TombNo. Jiuli 1 in Hunan Province is an arc-shaped flaky jade Zhou Li? Guan Chun? It is recorded in Da Zongbo that "respecting the North with Huang Xuan" is a ritual vessel for offering sacrifices to the God in charge of the North. Archaeological excavations show that most jade emperors did not see the use of ritual vessels, but wore them as pendants on the chest and abdomen of the tomb owner, and were called "Huang Pei". This yellow is divided into two layers, upper and lower, separated by a carving. Symmetrical dragon heads are carved at both ends, and the surface of the dragon body is engraved with moire patterns. Gorgeous ornamentation and exquisite craftsmanship are rare among Chu jade. There is a hole in the center of the upper floor to wear a rope. Dragon is the most common jade in Chu State. Dragons or faucets are often used as part or all of jade, such as jade, rings, jewelry, pendants, hooks, etc., which are various and beautifully carved. Dragon is a kind of mascot, symbolizing the virtues of gentlemen, saints and even kings. In their artistic creation, Chu people also deeply devoted themselves to the worship of dragons. Yu Pei during the Warring States Period (475 BC-22 BC1year) was 5. 1 cm high, 0.3-3.05 cm thick and 0.4 cm thick. In 2002, Tomb No.2 of Jiuliandun in Zaoyang, Hubei Province was unearthed in Hubei Provincial Museum. This Yu Pei was unearthed in the No.2 coffin of Jiuliandun, which is a tomb with a very high master status. It was worn by the owner of the tomb. Carved from a piece of jade. A big pig piled up at the foot in the shape of three people. All three people have big disc faces, with facial features almost covering their faces, narrow long sleeves and wide robes, and standing with their hands folded, which is elusive. The jade pig at the foot of the jade man opened his mouth, wagged his tail and made a gesture of running forward. But the details are abstract, and the ears and legs are represented by cloud vortex patterns. It is very rare for a jade pig to have such a strong dynamic modeling. The dress and ornamentation of jade people are different from the traditional dress of Chu people with wide robes and big sleeves, but they are the same as those of Zhongshan people. It should be a relic of Sun Yat-sen State, and it can be used as material evidence of high-level exchanges between Chu and Sun Yat-sen State. During the Warring States Period in Yu Pei (475 BC-22 BC1year) 1987 The Yu Pei unearthed in Changsha Wulipai Bayi Road M 1 Changsha Museum is arc-shaped, with conjoined dragons and phoenixes carved on both sides. One end is in the shape of a Longhuitou Scenic Spot, with a curved dragon body and a perforated back. The other end is phoenix-shaped, the beak is connected with the chest, the phoenix head is upturned, the neck feathers are plump, and wings are used to fly. These two pieces of Yu Pei jade have the same material, shape and pattern, symmetrical structure, harmonious layout and exquisite carving, so they should be used symmetrically in Yu Pei. Dragon, phoenix and jade jade were first seen in the tombs of good women in Yin ruins. Later, the culture of dragons and phoenixes with "dragons and phoenixes as the main body" appeared in various forms in various historical periods, which constituted the backbone of China's traditional culture-an important part of the art of dragons and phoenixes, which reflected that Chu had a very strong cultural habit and tradition of worshipping dragons and phoenixes. Appreciation of Chu jade articles in Jingzhou Museum in the Middle Warring States Period