Shanxi, named after living in the west of Taihang Mountain, is referred to as "Jin", also known as "Sanjin", and is the capital of Taiyuan City. Shanxi borders Taihang Mountain in the east, Luliang Mountain and Yellow River in the west and south, the ancient Great Wall in the north, and Hebei, Henan, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia and other provinces and regions. Liu Zongyuan called it "a mountain river on the outside."

Shanxi is one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation, with a recorded history of 3000 years. It is known as "the cradle of Chinese civilization" and "China Museum of Ancient Culture". Total area 156700 square kilometers, with Taihang Mountain in the east and Luliang Mountain in the west. The mountainous area accounts for more than 80% of the total area of the province.