Current location - Music Encyclopedia - Today in History - The history of rout
The history of rout
Which war was the most disastrous defeat of the Ming army in the late Ming Dynasty? Houjin (16 16-1636) was a regime established by a jurchen in the late Ming Dynasty. The national title of gold, in order to distinguish it from the rulers, is called Houjin. After 2 years of sweat and 20 years, Houjin was the predecessor of the Qing Dynasty. At the end of Ming dynasty, it can be said that it was internal troubles and foreign invasion, which gave the opportunity to establish Luzhen country. In Wanli 1 1 (1583), the enemy of Nur River attacked and was appointed as the left-back commander of Jianzhou, which merged the aftershocks of Haixi and East China Sea and unified Lu Zhenge scattered in the northeast. In the first year of A.D. (16 16), Nurhachi was called the name of Cannes, and its country name was Jin and Jianyuan.

Fushun Battle: The first battle between the late Jin Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty, which suffered heavy losses.

For three years (16 18), Nurhachi raised heaven and earth with "seven great hates" and rebelled all his life. This battle in A.D. 16 18 is generally called "Fushun Battle". This war was the first battle between the late Jin Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty, and the Ming Dynasty suffered heavy losses!

one

First of all, this is because after Wanli 4 1 year, the Ming Dynasty supported Lubu and directly sent troops to the eastern and western provinces of Yehe, which hindered the process and struggle of unifying women in Nurhachi. After careful preparation, Nurhachi decided to cut pancakes in early April of 1946, in order to seize the throat of Liaodong.

The real women in Ming dynasty lived in the northeast, which was divided into three parts, one of which was the most powerful, called the actress of Jianzhou in Ming dynasty. In the late Ming Dynasty, the Jurchen nationality in Jianzhou began to thrive in the western foot of Changbai Mountain, Songhua River and Liaohe River Basin. In the case of Nurhachi, it was natural to send troops to the Ming Dynasty after the aftershocks were unified. In A.D. 16 18, Nurhachi officially started the Fushun War. In this regard, in my opinion, this battle is the first confrontation between the late Jin Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty, so it is of course of great significance.

In April of A.D. 16 18, a meeting was held in the Late Jin Dynasty, and it was decided that in April of 15, the moderators of Fushun Osaka Castle and the border defense of the Ming Dynasty were used to sneak into the city disguised as businessmen and carry out internal and external attacks. In this respect, in my opinion, it is more difficult to attack the city in ancient wars. In siege, it is often difficult to defeat the determined defenders without obvious advantages in strength or weapons. Therefore, it is often the first choice for the siege party to obtain the internal force in advance and cooperate with the external force when attacking the city.

Before Fushun War, Nurhachi made four decisions. One is to bribe the defender to guide as a reward. The two factions demanded that 24 Mongolian battalions from the west, such as Zhai and Warm Rabbit, go to Fushun to complain and encourage them to contain the defenders of the Ming army. Three sent Nurhachi's two sons to Guangning (Beijin, Liaoning Province) to get a glimpse of the intention of Mingjun's leadership. Fourth, the public opinion that Gold Manufacturing made this transaction later puzzled the border guards of the Ming Dynasty. Everything was abolished without warning. The battle of Fushun, the great victory of the late Jin Dynasty, of course, can not be separated from the careful deployment and preparation in the early stage. (William Shakespeare, Winston, War) And it also shows that Nurhachi had a deeper understanding of the Ming Dynasty, so he formulated more targeted strategies. Fushun Battle: The first battle between the late Jin Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty, which suffered heavy losses.

two

16 18 On April 3rd, Nurhachi swore to heaven by the Seventh National Congress that he would lead an army of twenty thousand (40,000) and gallop three miles in two ways, and set up camp in Jiule Mountain City (northwest of Gulou Village, Jixiang Township, Xinbin County, Liaoning Province). The next day, Nuerhachi and the army were divided into eight roads and camped on the outskirts of Haohaomu (now Fushun County). Then it was divided into two ways: the left fourth cavalry invaded the periphery of Fushun, such as Dongzhu (Dongzhu Village, Fushun, Liaoning) and Magendan (Ma County, Jiubing Township, Fushun, Liaoning); Nurhachi and Huangtai Opera led the cattle to cheat the disease, and the Pakistani army went straight to Fushun.

At the same time, 800 late Jin generals Ma Shengta sent troops disguised as businessmen and successfully entered Fushun. Encouraged by Hou Jin, Zhai and Warm Rabbit of Mongolia also put on armor and camped on both sides of Liaohe River, and went to the city to receive the prize. As a result, due to the relatively adequate preparation in the early stage, Nurhachi quickly surrounded the battleground of Fushun, a military strategist. Fushun is located in the east of Liaoning Province, bordering Jilin Province in the east, 45 kilometers away from the provincial capital Shenyang in the west, Tieling in the north and Benxi in the south.

1618 On the morning of April 15, Jin Bing dressed up as a businessman, drove away dozens of minks, arrived slowly in a cart, and lured Fushun residents outside the city to trade in Dongguan. In the chaos, the platform of 5000 ambush led by Huang Taiji and Ma Shengta suddenly rushed down Fushun, and the platform led by Nurhachi also arrived on time.

three

In this regard, as early as the Three Kingdoms period, when Monroe crossed the Baiyiwa River, all his men dressed up as businessmen, successfully captured Gyeongju and killed Guan Yu, a famous soldier. In Fushun War, Nurhachi also played an important role in arranging soldiers to pretend to be businessmen in advance.

Fushun campaign, nomads from inside and outside the attack, the whole city immediately chaos. Li Yongfang and other Ming Dynasty defenders could not see the potential enemies, and they heard that Zhao Yi and others surrendered to the city. Wang Ming, Wang Xuedao, Tang Jishun and other legal departments resisted and died in battle. After the general guarding the city was strong or dead, the rest of the soldiers fled by chaos.

On this basis, the latter captured more than 590 people, killed 20,000 soldiers and plundered nearly 1 10,000 residents. After capturing Dongzhu and Magendan, the nomads from the army won successively. Li Hongchao, the leader of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, was killed and more than 220 soldiers were robbed. Magentan guarded Li Dacheng, and more than 65,438+060 soldiers and civilians were captured. The Ming army lost soldiers, nearly a thousand people. With Samsung as the center, 65,438+065,438+05 Taiwan Province Province, the battery and land cover more than 65,438+000 miles. Later, Kim captured hundreds of thousands of livestock. Therefore, it can be said that in the Fushun War, the Ming Dynasty not only lost the city, but also suffered huge losses, including soldiers, population, livestock and other materials. Therefore, the harvest of defeating one side is of course very rich, which gives Nurhachi the temperament to continue attacking the Ming Dynasty. On the fifth day after the fall of Fushun, John Zhang and Xue Deshun, the chief company commanders of the Ming Dynasty, arrived. When the Ming army arrived at the south wall of Fushun, the Mongolian Buddhist temple and the warm rabbit camp were still in the west bank of Liaohe River. Chahar Dan Khan's war horse advanced from west to east, and set fire to the garrison in Washington (now near Baichangmen, Liaoning). The nomads from the east of Fushun gathered and responded to the west of Fushun. The Ming army didn't dare to fight, but only lined up and slowly chased the nomads from the east.

four

In the end, Nurhachi, after learning this situation, immediately ordered the big clock election and the victory of Emperor Sabel to counterattack the camp. At that time, the Ming army was divided into three dangerous places, digging trenches and camping with hot engines. Zhang Chengyin tried to fight the late King in the form of three competitions. On April 2 16 18, Ming Dynasty and Houjin fought fiercely outside Fushun Pavilion. In this battle, after that, nomads risked their lives to advance. Shortly after the war, the third battalion of the Ming army was surrounded by layers. In front of the brave soldiers in the late Jin Dynasty, the Ming army was invincible, Liu Xian fled, and the battalions were successively defeated.

In the context of the defeat of the Ming army again, the nomads from the army then pursued, and the Ming army suffered numerous casualties. Company commander Zhang Shengyin and more than 50 ministers, chiefs of staff, guerrillas and guns were killed. 8/65,438+00 The volunteers of the Ming Dynasty, with more than 9,000 war horses and more than 7,000 sets of armor, were wiped out by the Jin Army after more than 40 miles. For these instruments and materials, Nurhachi also helped to expand the scale of officers and men in the late Jin Dynasty.

After the Fushun War, the Ming Dynasty immediately sent Zhang Jing to lead 5000 soldiers and horses to support Qinghe. After July 20, A.D. 16 18, Jimingguan was appointed as the deputy soldier of the autumn harvest county of Qinghe (now Xinbin Manchu Autonomous County, Liaoning Province), the guerrilla leader, and the garrison Zhang was killed, and he became the Qinghe Water Army. The chief of staff stationed in the two places heard that He Shixian had changed the Qingjiang River and galloped away, breaking the golden sun net and killing more than 100 people, but this victory had nothing to do with the direction of the whole campaign. In this regard, many historians believe that the fall of Fushun and Qingjiang caused unprecedented shock, improved the temperament of the soldiers in the late Jin Dynasty, and the Ming Dynasty also recognized the powerful strength of the late Jin Dynasty.