Hunan, also known as Xiaoxiang, is a provincial administrative region of People's Republic of China (PRC), located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River in south-central China, and most provinces are south of Dongting Lake, so it is called Hunan. Xiangjiang river runs through the north and south of the province, so it is called Xiang for short. Hunan Province will be stationed in Changsha.

Hunan Province is adjacent to the shogunate and Wugong Mountain in the east, and borders Jiangxi. The western part of Guizhou is connected with the eastern edge of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. The northwest of Chongqing is adjacent to Wuling mountain area; Nanling is adjacent to Guangdong and Guangxi in the south, and the lakeside plain in the north of Hubei.

Historical evolution:

Hunan was the southern border of Jingzhou in Xia, Shang and Western Zhou Dynasties.

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, it belonged to Cangwu County and Dongting County of Chu State.

Qin Shihuang set up two counties: Qianzhong County and Changsha County.

In the early Western Han Dynasty, it belonged to Changsha, and after Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, it belonged to Jingzhou Secretariat, which governed Wuling County, Guiyang County, Lingling County and Changsha County.

During the Three Kingdoms period, it belonged to Jingzhou, the State of Wu, located in Zhaoling County, and was the five counties in southern Jingnan.

In the Western Jin Dynasty, it belonged to Jingzhou and Guangzhou. In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, it belonged to Jingzhou, Xiangzhou and Jiangzhou.

In the Southern Song Dynasty, Qi Liang belonged to Xiangzhou, Yunzhou and a small part of Jingzhou, while in the Southern Dynasty, Chen belonged to Jingzhou and Yuanzhou.

During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Ma Yin established Chu State from Hunan with Changsha as its capital.

In the Song Dynasty, the whole country divided its roads, and the roads were divided into government, state, army and prison, each of which governed several counties. Hunan is mainly in Jinghu South Road.

The Yuan Dynasty practiced the system of provincial administration. Hunan belongs to Huguang province.

In the Ming dynasty, the provinces set up foreign ministries, which were later changed to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

In the Qing Dynasty, the local government implemented a four-level system of provinces, prefectures (Zhili Hall and Zhili Prefecture) and counties (scattered halls and scattered prefectures). In the third year of Kangxi, Hu Guang was appointed as the judge, and Hu Guang's right ambassador and the governor of the partial hospital all moved to Changsha.