In the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea half a century ago, Chinese people's Volunteer Army's task force also carried out similar tasks many times, and its performance was no less than today.
1in the summer of 953, on the eve of the armistice of the Korean War, our volunteers decided to launch the Jincheng counterattack in order to cooperate with the negotiations and strive for an early armistice. In this battle plan, our army has a clear task: to annihilate the regimental headquarters of the first regiment of the South Korean Capital Division.
Korea Capital Division 1 Regiment is the main force of the division, equipped with American equipment. South Korean President Li Chengwan named it "White Tiger Corps", which is Li Chengwan's trump card. This task was carried out by a reconnaissance class of 609th Regiment, 203rd Division, 68th Army of Volunteers, and organized by Yang Yucai, the deputy platoon leader. This team, consisting of only 13 people, dressed as South Korean soldiers and American escort consultants on the night of 13, marched to the location of the White Tiger Regiment in the rain under the cover of our artillery fire.
In order to successfully complete the task, the detachment formulated detailed countermeasures in advance in view of various situations that may be encountered in the enemy's rear penetration. These battle-hardened scouts also conducted drills.
On the March, they also captured a south Korean army alive, found out the enemy's password, and successively passed through three tight blockade lines of the enemy. 14 at 2 am, they successfully arrived at the "White Tiger Regiment" regimental headquarters. Coincided with the meeting of the enemy regimental headquarters, the task force suddenly opened fire and attacked violently. In just a few minutes, 54 people below the enemy regimental headquarters were killed on the spot, and 19 people were captured alive, which destroyed the enemy regimental headquarters and communications, making it impossible for the "White Tiger Regiment" to organize resistance and reinforcements, and the regiment quickly disintegrated.
During this period, Bao Yuelu, a volunteer soldier, broke into the war room of the enemy regimental headquarters, took the "Tiger Head League Flag" of the "White Tiger Regiment" and gave it to the commander-in-chief Yong Yang. Yong Yang ordered Yang Yucai to remember special feats, and later awarded him the honorary title of "First Class Hero of Volunteers".
This reconnaissance class strongly supported the main force of the division and played an important role in adowa "White Tiger Regiment". The main force of the division intercepted the fleeing enemy at night, annihilated most of an artillery battalion near the White Tiger regiment headquarters and most of the second battalion of the armored regiment of the South Korean Capital Division, and killed the head of the division, Lu Genzhu. In the fierce fighting during the daytime on June 5438+04, the 204th Division of the Volunteers also captured Lin Yichun, deputy division chief of the Capital Division of the South Korean Army. This battle alone wiped out Li Chengwan's ace group beautifully and neatly, and Meili Group was greatly shocked.
1at the end of 950, the second campaign launched by our volunteers shortly after they entered the DPRK was an important campaign to reverse the Korean war. In this war, the "United Nations Army" led by the United States ended in a fiasco, which laid the foundation for the victory of the two armies of China and North Korea.
At the beginning of the campaign, the 38th Army of the Volunteers received the task of encirclement and suppression of the 7th Division of Tokugawa South Korea. In order to annihilate the enemy, the military department decided to send a reconnaissance team to form an advance team, which penetrated through the border of the enemy's defense zone, went deep into the enemy's rear and reported the enemy's situation and terrain along the way. After attacking the enemy of Tokugawa, a large army inserted into Wuling, south of Tokugawa, and destroyed a highway bridge there as scheduled, which prevented the enemy from fleeing south to aid the north and curbed the breakthrough of the enemy of Tokugawa.
Before the advance team set out, Liang Xingchu, the commander of the 38th Army, Liu Xiyuan, the political commissar, and the deputy commander personally met with Zhang, and explained the specific task: "There is a tributary to the west of Wuling that passes through the highway from Nantong to Dechuan. There is a highway bridge there. You have to leave tonight (165438+1the evening of October 24th) and blow up the bridge at 8 am on 26th. It is estimated that the enemy of Tokugawa who was attacked at that time may flee south, and the enemy of Tokugawa who went north may reinforce. When the bridge is bombed, it will help the main force to destroy the enemy of Tokugawa. "
That night, Zhang Kui set off with a map, a radio station and English and Korean translators. This 323-person advance team consists of the reconnaissance company of the 38th Army, the reconnaissance company of the 1 13 Division and two engineering platoons, and is led by the deputy commander of the reconnaissance division, Yinhe, and the reconnaissance chief of the 1 13 Division, Zhou. In this team, there are also North Korean local internal affairs personnel, who, as liaison officers and guides of the advance team, dress up as South Korean troops for convenience of action.
Each commander of the advance team tied a white towel on his arm and sneaked through the enemy's front line from a hillside path amid the gunfire of the 339 th regiment of the 38 th Army. After people fell asleep that night, they came to the ancient town by the Datong River. After catching two South Korean prisoners and finding three ordinary people in the town, we found the ferry we were looking for. Under the eyes of the enemy, we tactfully found the underwater bridge built by the Korean People's Army when it retreated from Pyongyang and crossed the Datong River safely.
However, shortly after crossing the river, when the sharp knife team groped for a guide in a village, they found that the enemy in the house was scrambling for a gun, so the enemy fired first, alarmed the enemy, exposed them, and then quickly withdrew from the battle. In this case, they can't take the main road any more, so they climbed a nearby mountain with ancient trees at night.
At 8 o'clock the next morning, they climbed to the top of the mountain and stopped in an open field. Here, I report what I saw along the way and the enemy's situation to the army by radio. After a short rest, I'm ready to move on.
At this time, the enemy at the foot of the mountain has obviously stepped up its vigilance. Looking down the hill, I saw enemy cars coming and going on the north-south highway, enemies stationed in the villages at the crossroads, and sentries swimming back and forth. I'm afraid it will take time for so many people to insist on drilling through the gap between the enemy and the foot of the mountain in broad daylight. They decided to take a road in the forest marked on the map.
However, this road is difficult to walk. There are many thorns and rocks, and trees cover the sky. Just like the untouched virgin forest, there is no road at all, so we can only follow the direction set by the compass. More than four hours have passed, with no end in sight. After dark, I walked through the dense forest and didn't go down the mountain until 8 pm. To their delight, they finally saw the signs on the departure map in the dense forest-two families, and they didn't get lost.
It's far from Wulingyuan. Both Yin and Zhou are in a hurry. If they can't blow up the bridge in Wulingyuan before 8 o'clock tomorrow, it will affect the overall plan, so they ordered the team to speed up and come to the foot of a mountain called Houxianyou Peak at midnight.
Looking closely at the exhibition, there are three paths up the mountain, which one can get there quickly? Time was running out, so they decided to cut across the mountain. In a small hut nearby, they found a teenage girl and an old man with a gray beard. The comrades in the internal affairs office explained the situation, and an old man and a young man led them to climb to the top of the mountain along the winding path. At this point, it was already dawn. In the morning mist, I vaguely saw a village at the foot of the mountain-that is, the Li Wuling they were looking for. The advance team skillfully passed the enemy's numerous checkpoints, launched a thrilling journey, and finally reached the destination.
Kui Zhang printed several small rooms on the mountain where hunters might hunt, used them as temporary command posts, and reported to the military again by radio. The war department instructed that the enemy of Tokugawa had been surrounded and ordered them to blow up the highway bridge as scheduled.
Li Wuling is a village with more than 30 families. Not far from the west of the village, they saw the highway bridge, which stood high between the two mountains, reinforced concrete structure, about 100 meters long, very high from the bottom of the ditch. Because it is a dry season, the bridge has been frozen and it is a dangerous mountain stream. This highway bridge, which was originally guarded by the "United Nations Army" personally, was replaced by the South Korean army two days before the advance team arrived. There is a railway bridge not far from the bridge, but it has been closed to traffic for a long time. Zhang immediately organized a reconnaissance team to hide and approach, wiped out the enemy with sudden actions, and immediately organized personnel to blow up the bridge.
When the local people heard that the volunteers were coming and Tokugawa was about to be liberated, they enthusiastically provided ladders, ropes and other tools to blow up bridges for the volunteers. After the volunteers got the tools, they went straight to the bridge, put away the explosives and lit them. With a bang, part of the bridge collapsed in the middle. At this moment, Zhang looked at his watch. It was 7: 50.
Before the volunteers retreated, five cars carrying ammunition arrived in the south, and so did the enemy who fled from Tokugawa. The advance team immediately seized the favorable terrain, destroyed the ammunition trucks from south to north, stopped dozens of cars fleeing south and beat them, killing more than 30 people, and then occupied a highland, completely breaking the idea of the fleeing infantry wanting to build a bridge. The gunfire didn't stop until 3 pm.
The advance team successfully completed the task and cooperated with the large forces to annihilate the enemy of Tokugawa. Then they put on the captured American clothing and weapons, set off immediately according to the command of the military department, and went straight to the south of Xin' an Prefecture to perform new tasks through Longyuanli.
After the battle of Tokugawa, Ningyuan, which was connected with it, was also shot down by the 42 nd Army. These two battles opened a big gap in the front line of the enemy attack on the western front. The Volunteer Command estimated that under the attack of four armies on the western front, three divisions of the US army would flee from three divisions to the south. In order to cooperate with the frontal battlefield to attack the enemy, the 38 th Army must attack the corner of the army quickly, and at the same time send a division to cut corners and insert the 3 rd Army to prevent the enemy from retreating and reinforcing. The 38th Army decided to send 1 13 Division to carry out this arduous task.
After attacking Tokugawa for a few days, 1 13 was very tired. Without a moment's rest, the troops were ordered to set off from Tokugawa immediately and March long distances. 1 13 division except for the 339th regiment, which left two battalions to clean the battlefield, other teams immediately set out and handed over the avant-garde tasks to the 338th regiment. The chief of staff of the 338th regiment circled the route on the map, marked three places, Li San and Long Yuan Li, and the troops set off immediately.
The military department predicts that under the heavy blow of the front four armies, the three main divisions of the US army fleeing to Sanfu will make a sharp contrast between the enemy and ourselves.
Three divisions of the US Army have more than 300 tanks and more than 400 guns, while one division of the Volunteers has only a dozen mortars and some anti-tank grenades. With the cooperation of the air force, enemies south of Li San will also meet enemies fleeing from the north. 1 13 division went deep behind enemy lines alone and held Li San and Longyuanli, which was undoubtedly a risky move. If we can't keep this "gate" and the enemy runs away, we can't annihilate them. 1 13 division can first insert the enemy into the enemy intercepted by the third division and hold it tenaciously, which has become a key measure that directly affects the second battle of the western front. 1 13 branch has great responsibilities.
Sansuoli is a village located in the hinterland of the Eighth Army of the United States on the Western Front. It is a dangerous pass with Datong River in the south and mountains in the north. A highway in the west of the village is the "gate" for the 1 13 division to intercept the main force of the US army fleeing south towards the Qingchuan River.
Before the troops set out, the head of the 338 regiment launched a map and made a detailed study. The third stop is the enemy's confidant area. The troops have to go 145 miles, passing through enemy-occupied areas along the way, and there are some rugged mountain roads. In the cold winter, there are no planes and cars to transport them, so they can only walk on two legs. The troops were so tired that they arrived in time. No one can say for sure now. They decided to move forward quickly.
It was the night of the 18th lunar month, and the bright moon was in the sky. The troops waded along a small river as if they could never walk. The team walked out of Tokugawa for more than 20 miles and caught a South Korean army wireless telephone soldier who escaped from Tokugawa. After interrogation, it was learned that there was a black American regiment in a place called Shatun in front. The troops immediately entered a state of combat. In the dim night, a long string of shadows crossed the mountains and rivers, brushing their feet and making rapid progress. The artillery, carrying heavy barrels, plates, racks and boxes, ran behind the infantry, their hands and faces were cut, and they continued to rush forward without caring about dressing.
In fact, there is no black group in Shatun, just some skirmishers who escaped from Tokugawa. As soon as the troops entered, they ran away and only caught more than 30 prisoners. At midnight, officers and men of 1 13 division reached the foot of Chang 'an Mountain at an altitude of 1200m. The mountain is high and dense, and the volunteer soldiers who are tired, sleepy, tired and have pain in their legs and feet almost trotted over the mountains. Like a tireless tide, they quickly advanced to the Third Division. Before dawn, the troops had traveled more than 1 10, and reached the Datong River, 30 miles away from the third station.
After dawn, enemy planes kept circling in the sky for high-altitude reconnaissance. Since entering the DPRK, due to the bombing of enemy planes, the troops rarely marched during the day. Now, I'm not sure whether to March or not. The teacher let the troops rest, the soldiers fell asleep, and the division cadres sat together for a meeting to study.
At this time, the air at the headquarters of the Volunteers is very tense. The American troops who fled the Qingchuan River were not trapped. They quickly fled in the direction of Li San by car and tank. However, since the division 1 13 set out from Tokugawa last night, there has been no news. Even the 38th Army doesn't know where the 1 13 division is. All the radio stations in the headquarters of the Volunteers are waiting for the signal from 1 13 Division. It turns out that 1 13 division has radio silence to prevent the US military from listening to the radio, so as not to give up all previous efforts. No one expected that 1 13 would come to this trick.
After a heated debate, division and regiment cadres quickly reached an agreement and made rapid progress regardless of fatigue. In order to save time, they eat dry food while walking. Enemy planes circled overhead. 1 13 division commander observed that the enemy plane was flying very high, thinking that he had gone deep behind enemy lines, and the enemy plane could not regard them as volunteers, so he boldly ordered the troops to "take off their camouflage and March swaggering!" As expected, the enemy's reconnaissance plane was tricked and treated as if the Li Chengwan army fleeing from Tokugawa had not attacked. Seeing this, the soldiers were in high spirits and quickened their pace.
When the Pioneer Battalion of the 338th Regiment arrived at the third station, the enemy was unprepared, and the two companies quickly solved the South Korean security team stationed at the third station. At this time, one of the enemy's reinforced companies and several trucks went south, and three companies quickly occupied the favorable positions on both sides of the road to fight against the enemy who aided the north. However, the road leading to the north of Li San is a scene of smoke and dust rolling. The enemy who invaded the north on a large scale yesterday is now retreating rapidly to the south in panic.
One-night trip of 338 group (14 hours) 145 miles. Finally, at 7 o'clock on the 28th, he arrived five minutes ahead of the enemy, seized the favorable terrain, and wiped out a company of the South Korean Army and more than 30 advance detachments of the 5th Regiment of the American Rider 1 Division with sudden impact.
Before the war, the three institutes were temporarily silent. On the road, there are only bodies left by the enemy and damaged cars just now. The troops began to build fortifications nervously, and the regiment command post was busy.
The 338th Regiment immediately reported the situation to the military sub-division. Within 5 minutes, I communicated with the headquarters of the regiment, division, army and volunteer army. General Peng was very excited after seeing the telegram sent by 1 13 division, and directly called back to the 338 regiment: "Resolutely stop the enemy who fled through the three places!"
1 13 division turned on the walkie-talkie in the third division, and the US military knew it. The American troops arrived a few minutes after the regiment occupied the position. The two sides immediately launched a fierce battle. Warriors of the 338th Regiment fought the American "Father of the Nation", the most effective force of the US Army 10 hour. When the 65,438+065,438+03 Division ordered the 339th Regiment Company to blow up the highway bridge on the Datong River next to the three houses, the escape route of the three houses was cut off and the American troops retreated. After reconnaissance by the reconnaissance troops, it was found that the US troops fled to the north. At 5 pm, the three offices were slightly calm.
The 38th Army 1 13 Division occupied the 3rd Battalion, which cut off the enemy's retreat from the corner of the army to Shunchuan, greatly shocked the enemy and disrupted the whole deployment of the enemy. Then the army ordered them to divide their troops in Long Yuan.
At 0/8 o'clock on the 28th/kloc, it was already dusk, and the 337th regiment went west to Longyuan, and the team was exhausted. Many soldiers doze off when they walk and often bump into the soldiers in front. Some soldiers fell asleep as soon as they fell down, and marching cadres often woke up tired and sleeping soldiers from ditches on both sides of the road. After our army was stuck in three places, the American army also diverted to Longyuanli.
At 4 o'clock in the morning on the 29th, the avant-garde company 3 of the 337th regiment finally arrived in Longyuanli after an emergency March in the middle of the night. When it heard the faint motor sound, a company commander of the vanguard climbed up and saw that there were flashing lights, but there were only 15 vehicles. Thinking that he was late and the enemy had already run away, he immediately decided to destroy the convoy first. After the capture 15, the soldiers were extremely happy to learn that the enemy was still behind. They were one step ahead of the enemy and soon built another door.
At this point, our 38th Army 1 13 Division marched for five days in a row, and went deep into the enemy's rear alone, dividing the Third Division into two regiments and Longyuanli, thus preventing the retreat of the Third Division of the US Army.
At dawn on the 29th, the advance troops set out from Li Wuling and marched more than 90 kilometers day and night. At 3 o'clock in the morning, after blowing up the bridge at Meidong Station, it continued to move towards Longyuanli. A few minutes later, he arrived in the northeast of Longyuanli, and cooperated with the 337th Regiment 1 Battalion to hit the US troops hard. Taking advantage of the enemy's chaos, the engineering platoon of 1 13 division plunged into the bridge head and put 70 kilograms of explosives under the bridge, which damaged the pier. As soon as the enemy tank got on the bridge deck, it even tilted and sank with the bridge deck. 12 or so, the main force of the 337th Regiment arrived, and the 3rd Battalion took over the position of the reconnaissance detachment. They embarked on a journey to the south of Xin 'an Prefecture.
On the afternoon of 29th, Liang Xingchu, commander of the 38th Army, ordered the Army/KOOC-0//KOOC-0/2 Division and/KOOC-0//KOOC-0/4 Division to move closer to/KOOC-0//3 Division. On this day, the 337th regiment fought fiercely with the enemy all day, and the enemy retreated at dusk. 1 13 division estimated that the next day would be a fierce battle.
After dawn on the 30th, a large number of enemies poured in, with tanks in front and cars behind. The enemy concentrated artillery fire and hundreds of planes attacked the position of the 337 th regiment, and the enemy of South Aid also attacked the 337 th regiment from south to north, and the bitter fighting started again. The distance between the enemy fleeing south and aiding north is less than 1km, which is beyond our reach. The soldiers of the 337th Regiment stood there like an indestructible Great Wall of steel.
It was a day of fierce fighting until dusk, especially in Company 3 of 1 battalion. During this period, the main force of the 38 th Army broke through the encirclement of the "United Nations Army" and annihilated the US troops on the highway north of Lisan. The famous Battle of SongGu Feng is another monument erected by the 3rd Company of the 335th Regiment of 1 12 Division.
At 8 o'clock on February 1 Day, 65438 enemy troops were forced to give up a lot of trench equipment and began to turn to Xin 'an County to break through. The enemy retreated to the "38th parallel".
In this campaign, the 38th Army first wiped out the 7th Division of South Korea in Tokugawa, which opened the battle gap with the 42nd Army on the Western Front. 1 13 division broke through the enemy's obstacles and fought tenaciously regardless of fatigue. In particular, the division commander of 13 drove straight in, quickly entered the enemy's rear, was occupied by the first enemy, and then divided his troops into Longyuan. Fighting alone resolutely prevented the enemy from fleeing south and cut off the only way out for the enemy to flee south. The 38th Army blocked and contained tens of thousands of American and Lebanese troops on the western front, played a national and military role, played an important role in the smooth implementation of the campaign and made great contributions to turning the war around.
When the news reached the headquarters of the Volunteers, Commander Peng could not restrain his inner excitement. He personally drafted a commendation order for the 38th Army, fully affirmed the key role played by 1 13 Division, and added a sentence at the end of the commendation order: "Long live the 38th Army!" It is the first time in the history of our army to call an army "Long live the army"! This is the highest evaluation of an army.
According to relevant documents, the 1 13 division advanced 72.5 kilometers (note: 500 meters in 1) in this battle, and its seepage velocity was a record. More than 30 years later, Lawrence and General Vichy, presidents of the National Defense University of the United States, made a report on military art exchange in our National Defense University, saying that China troops invaded, detoured and surrounded the US military in the Qingchuan River, inserted into the rear of the US military from a distance, and cut off the retreat of the US military in the middle. This is exactly what the US military emphasizes in its modern operational theory. This is a miracle in the history of world wars.
The American army lost more than 24,000 people in the second battle of the West Line in the Middle East, fled more than 300 kilometers after the fiasco, and retreated from the Yalu River to the south of the 38th parallel, which was regarded by the American media as "the worst failure in American history" and "the biggest failure in American army history". China's national prestige has been fully reflected, and it seems that it has established its status as a powerful country overnight.
References:
1, raided Wuling Bridge; China Military Network >> Ministry of National Defense Network
2. A bloody battle in Longyuanli; China Military Network >> Ministry of National Defense Network
3. In three bloody battles, the "38th Army" gained a great reputation; Knowledge is power (202 1)
3. Three outstanding performances of the volunteer task force behind enemy lines in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea; Military Shilin 200 1