More than 4000 years ago, the place where Tianjin was located slowly emerged from the seabed, forming an alluvial plain. At present, Tianjin used to be an ocean. Before the Yellow River was diverted, it was formed by sediment alluvial. The Yellow River changed its course three times in ancient times and entered the sea near Tianjin, near Ninghe County 3000 years ago, near Huanghua County in the Western Han Dynasty and in the southern suburbs of Tianjin in the Northern Song Dynasty. In Jin Dynasty, the Yellow River moved south, the Huaihe River entered the sea, and the coastline of Tianjin was fixed. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty set up salt officials in Wuqing.

Sui dynasty

After the construction of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal in the Sui Dynasty, at the intersection of the South Canal and the North Canal (now the Sanchahekou of Jingang Bridge), it was called Sanhui Haikou in history and was the earliest birthplace of Tianjin.

the Tang Dynasty

A saltworks was opened in Lutai and a salt warehouse was set up in Baodi.

Northern Song Dynasty

Under the jurisdiction of Liao State, the "Que Salt Institute" was established in Wuqing to manage salt affairs.

Southern Song Dynasty

In the second year of Jin Guozhenyou (12 14), Zhigu Village was established in Sanchakou, and a street has been formed near the harem. This is the earliest name of Tianjin.

the Yuan Dynasty

The Yuan Dynasty changed Zhigu Village into Haijin Town, which became the transportation center of grain transportation. Zhi gu Salt Transportation Department was established to manage the production and sales of salt.

tomorrow

In the second year of next year (1400), Judy, the governor of Beijing, crossed the Grand Canal to the south here in order to compete with his nephew for the throne. Later, Judy became Emperor Yongle. To commemorate the "Battle of Jingnan", it was renamed Tianjin on November 21st of Yongle and February 23rd of Gregorian calendar, 1404 1404, which means the ferry that the son of heaven passed by. Tianjin, as a military location, began to build a city and set up a garrison in zhi gu, southwest of Sanchahekou, which was called Tianjinwei in history. Wei is a military organization, not a local administrative division. Later, Tianjin left-back and Tianjin right-back were added.

Ching Dynasty

In the ninth year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (1652), Tianjinwei, Tianjin Zuo Wei and Tianjin Youwei were merged into Tianjinwei, and civil affairs, salt transportation, taxation and military affairs were established.

In the third year of Yongzheng (1725), Tianjin Wei was promoted to Tianjin.

In the ninth year of Yongzheng (173 1), Tianjin was promoted to Tianjin Prefecture, which governed six counties and one state: Tianjin County, Jinghai County, Qingxian County, Nanpi County, Yanshan County, Qingyun County and Cangzhou County.

At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Tianjin, as the resident of Zhili Governor, also became the main base for Li Hongzhang and Yuan Shikai to establish Westernization and develop Beiyang forces.

1860, the British and French allied forces occupied Tianjin, Tianjin was forced to open, and the powers successively established concessions in Tianjin.

1900 July, Eight-Nation Alliance attacked Tianjin, and Tianjin fell.

190 1 year, the Eight-Nation Alliance-formed Tianjin Dutong yamen ordered the demolition of the city wall.

Beiyang government

(19 12 to 1928)

In the early years of the Republic of China, Tianjin played an important role in the political arena. Hundreds of exiled bureaucrats and politicians, as well as the old people of the Qing Dynasty, took refuge in the Tianjin Concession and tried to restore it. These include Li, President of the Republic of China, and Puyi, former emperor of the Qing Dynasty.

Nanjing national government

1June, 928, the National Revolutionary Army occupied Tianjin, and the Nanjing National Government established "Tianjin Special City".

1930

In June, Tianjin Special City was changed to Tianjin directly under the Executive Yuan of Nanjing National Government.

1 1 In June, the capital of Hebei Province was moved from Beiping to Tianjin, and the municipality directly under the Central Government of Tianjin was changed to a provincial municipality.

1June, 935, the capital of Hebei moved to Baoding, and Tianjin was changed to a municipality directly under the central government.

Occupation period of Japanese aggressor troops (1937 to 1945)

During the occupation of Tianjin by Japanese invaders, the people were miserable. Japan basically ruled Tianjin by force. Japanese soldiers wantonly burned and looted Tianjin, when the floods in Tianjin made Tianjin a veritable hell on earth. 50,000 laborers were taken away.

Because Tianjin had opened up a large number of concessions in the Qing Dynasty, it was relatively safe in the concession at the beginning of the Japanese occupation of China. However, after the Pacific War broke out and Japan forcibly occupied other countries' leased land, Tianjin was restless.

During the War of Liberation (1946 to 1949)

1948165438+1On October 29th, the Northeast Field Army of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, the Second and Third Corps of the North China Military Region and a local armed force fought a strategic decisive battle with the Kuomintang troops in Peiping (now Beijing), Tianjin and Zhangjiakou, that is, the "Pingjin Campaign". 1949 65438+1October 15 At 5 o'clock in the morning, the East-West Assault Group of the People's Liberation Army successfully joined forces at Jintang Bridge. 65438+ 10/7, Tanggu was liberated by the People's Liberation Army, and the whole territory of Tianjin was liberated.