1. Biography: Wu Zetian (624-705), a native of Wenshui, Bingzhou, the daughter of Huo, a military general of Shangshu, the Ministry of Industry in the early Tang Dynasty, the queen of Li Zhi, a female politician in the Tang Dynasty. Smart sex, multiple forces. In 637 (the 11th year of Emperor Taizong's Zhenguan reign), Wu Shi was called into the palace for his beauty. She is a talented woman, and was named Wu Mei when she was 14 years old. In 649, Emperor Taizong died, and he entered Ganye Temple to become a nun. At that time, the queen was competing for favor with her, and she decided to use Wu Mei's beauty to transfer the emperor's favor to Xiao. So he ordered Wu Shi to keep his hair secret and dedicate it to Emperor Gaozong, and named it Chen Fei. The following year, Li Hong, the eldest son, was promoted to Zhao Yi. Wu Shi entered the palace again and worshipped the queen. At first, he kowtowed to the queen and tried to flatter her. Knowing that there was a contradiction between Taohou and Taohou, she joined forces with the emperor to deprive him of his love. When Xiao fell out of favor, she thought that if she wanted to be the master of the sixth house, she had to defeat the queen. In 654, Wu gave birth to a daughter, who was deeply loved. One day, the queen was bored, went to the Showa Hall to play with the little princess, and then left. Wu deliberately avoided when the queen came, left with the queen, killed the little princess, and blamed the queen. In 655, Wang was falsely killed by the little princess, abolished his post and made Wu the queen. Since then, three sons and a daughter have been born: Li Xian (Prince Zhang Huai), Li Xianzong, Li Dan (Zong Rui) and Princess Taiping. It shows its special pet status. After Wu Zili became the queen, he began to participate in the political affairs of North Korea, and he was also called "double saints". In 683, Emperor Gaozong died, Li Xian succeeded to the throne as Zhongzong, Wu Shi was honored as the Empress Dowager, and the Empress Dowager was appointed as a court minister. The following year, Li Xian was abolished as the king of Luling, Li Dan was appointed as Zong Rui, and Wu Zetian gained real power. In 690, Li Dan was abolished as Emperor Zetian, and the country name was changed to Zhou, which was called "Wu Zhou" in history. After Wu Zetian proclaimed himself emperor, he opened the imperial examination and chose different people. Reward agriculture and mulberry to develop economy; Understand others and be good at performing their duties, allowing others to receive guidance. She has been in charge of the state affairs for nearly half a century, with social stability and economic development, which laid the foundation for the later "Kaiyuan Shengshi". However, Wu Zetian persecuted Queen Xiao Fei, killed her parents and children, conferred the title of King Wu, attached importance to cruel officials, severely punished the law, and suffered numerous unjust imprisonment, which was condemned by history. In 705, Prime Minister Zhang Jianzhi, taking advantage of Wu Zetian's old age and critical illness, supported the restoration of Zhongzong and respected Wu Shi as the "Great Saint Emperor". In the winter of the same year, Wu Shi passed away at the age of 82, and the testament said: "The emperor was called Tianhou Palace." Li Bai listed Wu Zetian as one of the "Seven Saints" in the Tang Dynasty. Wu Zetian is also a poetess. There are 58 poems recorded in The Whole Tang Poetry, most of which are memorial works to temples, but occasionally there are lyric poems about tourism. The poem "Ruyi Niang" says: Seeing Zhu Si one after another, I am haggard and lost for remembering the monarch. If you don't believe me, you will often cry. Open pomegranate skirt. As a queen, Wu Zetian is an iron fist, giving people the impression that women need men. But as a woman, she also has a lingering and tender side, which can be seen in this poem. Wu Zetian also has the poem "La Ri Xuan Zhao Xing Shang Yuan": The Ming Dynasty traveled to Shang Yuan and reported the spring knowledge urgently. Flowers bloom overnight, don't wait for the breeze to blow. This poem was later circulated as a story, saying that martial arts swam into the garden one winter, which made the flower god drive away the flowers. When the flower god gave the order, all the flowers bloomed, but the peony was proud and did not obey the imperial edict. Wuhou was furious and exiled to Luoyang. "Therefore, those who say peony today are crowned in Xiluo." (Gao Cheng: Wu Ji Yuan, Volume 10, Mu Dan). This poem was written in 69 1 year, which was the second year after Wu Zetian established Wu Zhou. This poem "A Complete Interpretation of Tang Poems" says: "After two years of God's gift, La Qing wants to fake flowers. Please be lucky to come to the garden and have a plan to make it happen. There are different plans to find out the doubts, but this is a moment to send a special envoy to publish the letter. Yu Shi, a famous flowered garden in the morning. The princes are salty and take their differences. Later support operation moved to Tang Zuo. This is all crazy and unbelievable. " This statement is more credible. The so-called "Flower God" urges flowers to this day because of the need of political propaganda. According to the New Tang Book, Wu Zetian's Hanging Arch Collection is 100 volume, and ten items of Golden Wheel Collection have been lost. An anthology of Wu Zetian has been published in the world. 2. Evaluation of Wu Zetian Wu Zetian is an emperor in the history of China, and there is only one Wu Zetian in history. However, for thousands of years, although people praised her, they could not do without blame. However, in my humble opinion, many accusations are fabricated and imposed crimes. People always say that Wu Zetian is a woman who is keen on power and an ambitious schemer who does whatever it takes to get power. This sentence is only half right. Wu Zetian/kloc-entered the palace at the age of 0/4. She was in her prime, beautiful and intelligent, but she was not loved by Taizong. After Taizong's death, she was sent to Ganye Temple to be a nun for five years. How can she not lament the injustice of heaven? Fortunately, when she was a talented person, she met Li Zhi and made the future emperor be dead set on her. After he ascended the throne, he took her out of Kanye Temple and made a Zhao Yi. After waiting for Li Zhi for many years, how could a smart woman like Wu Zetian be willing to be only a Zhao Yi? After more than ten years of court life, she knows the cruelty of the harem. In order to protect herself and satisfy her pent-up desire for more than ten years, she must obtain the position of queen. Li Zhi is an affectionate and cowardly person. Compared with Wu Zetian who is several years older than him, he is almost obedient. Only one year after she came out of Ganye Temple, she squeezed out the Queen Wang and started her power career. Li Zhi is not only weak, but also not good at governing the country at all. When he discovered Wu Zetian's talent and courage, he handed over almost all government affairs to her, and Wu Zetian enjoyed it-few people would say no to power! Especially talented women like Wu Zetian would seize every opportunity in that feudal era. After Li Zhi's death, Wu Zetian's "backer" collapsed, and those officials who had been secretly dissatisfied with her before, but were afraid of Li Zhi's acquiescence and dared not openly resist, were bound to move. Wu Zetian will never give up power. This woman with a big appetite dares to challenge feudal customs and claim the title of emperor. This is the first half of Wu Zetian's life, during which she constantly challenged feudalism and consolidated her power. After Wu Zetian proclaimed himself emperor, she made great efforts to govern and make good use of talents, and managed the whole country in an orderly way, so she was worthy of being a wise emperor. Throughout history, few people can match it. But when people evaluate her, they always ignore these things intentionally or unintentionally, and focus on other places, such as her autocratic rule and promiscuous private life. It should be noted that Wu Zetian is still a woman no matter how powerful she is. In that era when women were extremely depressed, it was really a big violation to make her emperor. No matter how she manages this country, she is still a thorn in many people's side. So in order to stabilize the country, she had to adopt a high-handed policy, which was really a last resort. As for her private life, it is actually a small problem, but many people can't tolerate a woman having "three wives and four concubines" and deliberately vilify her. Wu Zetian is also a person and a bold woman. Why can't she have emotional and sexual desires? Perhaps it is her identity that makes her feel empty. After the state affairs, she has to turn her energy, just for adjustment. Besides, she doesn't have much Toy Boy, does she? Only Xue Huaiyi and Zhang Yizhi brothers, etc. , are not as good as the three thousand makeup of emperors. On the other hand, by raising Toy Boy, she is also showing her imperial power to the world, showing her the same power as men. In a word, Wu Zetian is a heroic and promising emperor, a woman who dares to do things and is an unparalleled landscape of that era. Maybe someone will question me, because Wu Zetian strangled her daughter herself. I really can't find anything to defend her on this point. I can only say that perhaps the cruel competition for survival in court forced her to do so, only after no woman hated her daughter. Besides, gold is not always barefoot, and no one is perfect. Who has no shortcomings? The above is just my personal simple evaluation of Wu Zetian. If you have a deeper view of her, you can take it out and communicate!