199 1 A war in the Gulf region gave the tanks of the two countries a chance to compete in an all-round way. In February this year, the U.S. military launched a abrams main battle tank with a width of 1.956 meters into the Gulf War. These tanks are fast, accurate and rampaging, and they are like nobody's business on the battlefield. Most of the shells fired by the Iraqi army's best Russian-made T-72 tanks can't be hit. Even if they are hit, it is like rubbing a piece of skin on it, which is irrelevant. No wonder the officers and men of the US Army 1 Cavalry Division Armored Battalion shouted, "M1A1-Great!" The Gulf War made the "abrams" tank gain the best reputation.
M 1A 1 tank is an improved version of m1tank. 1On February 28th, 980, the M 1 prototype was given a new name called "abrams". It has been used ever since.
1982 65438+ 10, a large number of M 1 tanks entered active service, but not long after, there was a low evaluation of M 1 tanks on Capitol Hill in Washington. Especially in terms of firepower, it is only equipped with 1 1)5 mm rifle, which is much inferior to the Soviet T-72 tank equipped with 125 mm rifle, and is ridiculed by some members of Congress as "a big car with a small gun". So,1August 1985, the first phase of M 1 improved M 1A 1 tank drove out of the production line of the tank factory.
The performance of M 1A 1 Tank in "Desert Storm" is really outstanding: First, the first hit rate is high, and the long-range shooting power is great. Captain H Kibeina, commander of the 35th Armored Battalion of the US 1 Armored Division, said: "Within five days, our company's 14 M 1A 1 tank can accurately give a fatal blow to the T-72 tank as long as it aims." Because the fire system and auxiliary devices of the M 1A 1 tank adopt the high-tech achievements of the 1980s, it has the ability to find the enemy first and then observe it, and its rapid-fire and long-range fire capabilities are also better than that of the T-72, and the longest range can reach about 3,000 meters, so it can be launched outside the range of the T-72. Uranium-tailed armor-piercing projectile can penetrate the sand wall with a thickness of 1.5m, penetrate the front deck of Iraqi T72 tank, and then penetrate the engine. At the same time, the depleted uranium core penetrating the armor has a strong burning effect in the car, which induces the ammunition in the car to explode and overturn the turret. Secondly, it has strong protection and high survivability, and is equipped with depleted uranium armor. These composite armor are blocky and placed in the "pockets" of the internal and external structural armor and the front of the turret. These new armor plate structures, like the anti-seismic and anti-extrusion corrugated paper of the packing box, are all controllable deformation plate structures, which can reduce the impact of the kinetic energy elastic core. Once again, it is highly mobile and quick to attack. Abrams uses a good engine with an output of 1 100 kw.
Is it because abrams gained the upper hand in the confrontation with T-72 in the Gulf War that American tanks were superior to Russian tanks? In addition to the Iraqi army, the training level is low, and the T-72 tank is not the best tank in Russia.
Although the T-72 is still a famous car, the most dazzling star in Russian tanks is the T-80. Its development is inseparable from a legend. For more than 20 years, this man has been kept secret as a special treasure, unknown to the world. It was not until September 1990 that Moscow Red Star published an interview about him that his name spread like wildfire and quickly spread all over the world. Is he Nicholas, the chief designer of T-64 and T-80 tanks? Xiaoming.
The first main battle tank designed by Xiao Ming was the T-64. Because of its high cost, excessive manufacturing man-hours, high engine failure rate, complicated suspension device and difficult maintenance, and the military believes that the technical performance of T-64 tank is not superior to NATO tank, it is necessary to develop a new tank to replace it as soon as possible. Results T-64 was quickly replaced by T-72. Nicholas, about this? Xiao Ming has always been dissatisfied. Although there is no denying that the T-64 tank has shortcomings in performance, he hopes that people will pay attention to its advantages and start to improve the T-64. Although he later repeatedly claimed that the improved T- 64 was not worse than the T-72, the T-64 main battle tank failed the test of war after all. T-72 tanks were exported to Middle Eastern countries and participated in many wars, especially the ground war of "Iran-Iraq War" in September. 1980. T-tanks used in Iraq showed great power, and * * * destroyed 230 Iranian M60 tanks and Sheikh tanks. Nicholas? Xiaoming's regret didn't last long. T-72 began to be at a disadvantage in the confrontation with the new American tank M 1 series. So Nicholas. Xiaoming has a chance to launch his real masterpiece-T-80. It absorbs all the advantages of the improved T-64, including turret, fire control system, radio-guided missile system and car body.
Compared with T-72 tank, T-80 tank has stronger attack power than T-72 tank. The biggest improvement is that its tank gun can also launch AT-8 songbird anti-tank and anti-helicopter missiles with a range of 4,000 meters, which can penetrate steel armor with a thickness of more than 600 mm. Secondly, the mobility of the T-80 is much higher than that of the T-72. 1983, the T-tank entered service and was welcomed by the tank forces.
In terms of engine power and attack power alone, T- will pose a great threat to challenger/KOOC-0/tank and M/KOOC-0/A/KOOC-0/tank if it is in the Gulf battlefield. But the problems with the T-80 tank are also fatal. The performance of its night vision device is poor, so it is inevitable to lose money against M 1A 1 tank in the night battle. Especially Nicholas? Xiao Ming is worried that the engine will break down after a period of use. So in the early 1990s, he introduced an improved T-80Y main battle tank, which did not reflect the new development of basic design ideas, but many important components were updated and modernized, which can also be said to be a new type of main battle tank. Its turret is brand-new, the front top area is sealed and welded with composite armor, and the building block armor module is laid. T-80y is equipped with a new type of 125mm smoothbore gun, and the fire control system has many new contents. The gunner is equipped with an observer to expand the observation hole, and the gunner has a new night vision device and a new ballistic computer. The radio guidance system susceptible to interference was cancelled and replaced by laser guidance system. The T-80y tank gun fires laser-guided anti-tank and anti-helicopter missiles with a range of 5,000 meters, and its first hit rate is higher than that of the T-80 main battle tank. In terms of power, the T-80 gas turbine, which is prone to failure and has high fuel consumption, has also been replaced.
Nicholas? Xiao Ming struggled for decades to design a "breakthrough tank", and his greatest wish was to compete with American tanks with his lifelong masterpiece.