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The Chinese scientific name of Huang Huali (pear) is Dalbergia odorifera, also known as Dalbergia hainanensis and Dalbergia hainanensis. Origin China Hainan Island Diaoluoshan Jianfengling low-altitude plains and hilly areas, mostly growing in the sunny place of Diaoluoshan at an altitude of 100 meters. Because of its slow timber, solid wood and beautiful patterns, it has always been one of the five famous trees and is now a national second-class protected plant. According to the Records of China Trees, the wild Huang Huali of Hainan is produced in all cities and counties of Hainan Island except Wanning, Lingshui and Wuzhishan, among which Baisha, Dongfang, Changjiang, Ledong, Sanya and Haikou are the main producing areas. They generally grow on slopes below 350 meters above sea level. The precious Hainan Huang Huali mainly grows in the Li nationality area, especially in the Wang Xia area of the Yangtze River and Baoting.
2. Huang Huali, Hainan Historical and Cultural Thinking Papers Hainan Huang Huali edited this entry without a business card map, and supplemented relevant content to make the entry more complete and can be quickly upgraded. Come and edit! The Chinese scientific name of Huang Huali (pear) is Dalbergia odorifera, also known as Dalbergia hainanensis and Dalbergia hainanensis.
Origin China Hainan Island Diaoluoshan Jianfengling low-altitude plains and hilly areas, mostly growing in the sunny place of Diaoluoshan at an altitude of 100 meters. Because of its slow timber, solid wood and beautiful patterns, it has always been one of the five famous trees and is now a national second-class protected plant.
According to the Records of China Trees, the wild Huang Huali of Hainan is produced in all cities and counties of Hainan Island except Wanning, Lingshui and Wuzhishan, among which Baisha, Dongfang, Changjiang, Ledong, Sanya and Haikou are the main producing areas. They generally grow on slopes below 350 meters above sea level.
The precious Hainan Huang Huali mainly grows in the Li nationality area, especially in the Wang Xia area of the Yangtze River and Baoting.
3. What makes Huang Huali 1 in Hainan and Huang Huali/in Hainan endangered? Wild Huang Huali has been completely cut down.
2. Five disasters of Huang Huali extinction:
Tracing back to history, Hainan Huang Huali began to appreciate after it appeared as a tribute in the Tang Dynasty. Especially in the Ming Dynasty, China's economic and cultural growth was ahead of the world, and Zheng He's seven voyages to the West showed his national prestige. At that time, it was the peak of "making a name for yourself" in Huang Huali. At that time, a Huang Huali bed was worth 12 taels, while a maid was less than 12 taels. It is equivalent to saying that a Huang Huali bed can already reach the value of more than a dozen people, which shows that the price is expensive. It was precisely because of the royal family's special liking for Huang Huali that dignitaries competed to regard it as a treasure, which led to a large number of logs from Huang Huali, Hainan, being transported to Beijing for royal use, which led to the first catastrophe in Huang Huali, Hainan.
In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, the two dynasties changed. Due to the turmoil, a large number of royal hardwood furniture flowed into the people from the palace. When western missionaries in China saw this strange Huang Huali furniture, they were very tempted, so they bought it in large quantities and shipped it to Europe. Chinese classical furniture entered the European market on a large scale for the first time, which was the second catastrophe in Huang Huali.
In the Qing Dynasty, the raw materials in Huang Huali became less and less, the varieties of mahogany from Southeast Asia entered China, and the hobbies of the royal family began to shift from Indian to mahogany, which undoubtedly gave Huang Huali a good breathing space. However, the good times did not last long. Shortly after the Opium War broke out, China was massacred by western powers, and its precious articles were looted, with Huang Huali bearing the brunt. This is the third catastrophe of Huanghua pear.
During the period of the Republic of China, domestic turmoil, whether Huang Huali furniture or mahogany furniture, had to go through the suffering of prosperity and decline, and "lived in the homes of ordinary people" through various channels. Some foreign businessmen took the opportunity to buy a large number of hardwood furniture from the Ming and Qing Dynasties in mainland China. At that time, people in China were down and out. In order to support the family, Hainan Huang Huali was sold to foreign businessmen at a very low price. This is the fourth bad luck of Huang Huali.
For a period of time after the founding of New China, although the country banned the export of expensive furniture and Huang Huali was protected to a certain extent, a large number of Huang Huali furniture was destroyed as feudal relics due to the subsequent political movement. During the Great Leap Forward from 65438 to 0958, it was a disaster for Huang Huali to make steel by indigenous method. Huanghua pear became a good firewood for steelmaking at that time because of its strong firepower and long duration. In the 1960s and 1970s, agricultural reclamation troops and young intellectuals cut down forests and planted gum in Hainan Island. In addition, the local people still keep the traditional custom of slash-and-burn cultivation, and burning mountains destroys the growing environment of Huanghua pear, which is the fifth persecution of Huanghua pear in China.
Since then, huanghuali, as a "Dalbergia odorifera", has been developed into a large number of Chinese herbal medicines and excellent raw materials for Buddha incense, and it has been destroyed. In 1930s, the authorities claimed that Huang Huali had disappeared in China. In the next 30 years, people in the industry are convinced of this conclusion. It was not until 1963 that a batch of Hainan Dalbergia odorifera appeared at the Shanghai material exchange meeting that this statement was overthrown. 1in the spring of 964, dozens of cubic meters of Huang Huali wood were transported from Hainan to Beijing. This is the final appearance of Huang Huali.
4. Why is Huang Huali so expensive? What makes Hainan Huang Huali Wood one of the most precious hardwoods in the world? It can be called "the crown of trees", a national second-class protected tree species, and a real "wood gold". As the saying goes, "The world pears look at China, and China pears look at Hainan." Hong Guifang briefly introduces why Huang Huali is so expensive:
1, Huang Huali in Hainan has beautiful patterns, soft colors, rich fragrance, easy mixing of light and dark colors, light yellow, dark yellow and dark brown, and is also suitable for inlaying. It has the characteristics of good machinability, moderate hardness and no deformation, and is especially suitable for making mortises and tenons.
2. Huang Huali, Hainan grows in Hainan's humid climate, and its growth period is very slow. It takes hundreds of years to grow into a heartwood with a thick mouth. When it encounters a harsh growth environment, it will form a unique knot phenomenon, which is what we call a "grimace" pattern. Huang Huali, Hainan, especially where there are scars, has clearer texture, presents beautiful patterns and looks more charming. These "grimaces" are more complete, clearer and more vivid than other woods, so Huang Huali is praised by the world.
3. The fragrance of Huang Huali is not as rich and lasting as agarwood. This is a natural smell. I happened to meet a thousand-year-old material. The furniture made in this way is difficult to seal its fragrance even if it is afraid of waxing, and it is very mellow. This is the result of thousands of years of precipitation.
5. How did Huang Huali disappear in history? If Hainan is a treasure land, Huang Huali, Hainan will definitely rank in the top three.
Huang Huali is rare, and its scientific name is Dalbergia odorifera, which is known as "the most expensive tree in the world". Its heartwood is hard, heavy and oily, which will not rot for thousands of years, and its color is deep and gorgeous. In addition, its core materials often appear all kinds of strange "grimace" patterns, which makes it unique, prominent and magnificent. It turns out that Huang Huali in Hainan is just an ordinary wild tree in Hainan, which can be seen everywhere and is very local and natural.
Because of its corrosion resistance, immersion resistance and sun resistance, it is deeply loved by farmers. It is mostly used to make plows, rakes, shafts, chopping boards, coffins and other production and living tools, and it is also used as roof beams and furniture. At that time, there were many octagons in Huang Huali.
However, with the passage of time, Huang Huali, once ubiquitous, gradually drifted away from people. Now, a batch of octagonal wood is even rarer, which has become a sky-high price. The reason is that in the past few hundred years, five disasters destroyed the octagonal in Huang Huali.
1. The royal family in the Ming Dynasty collected a large number of sea yellow logs to trace the history. After Huang Huali appeared as a tribute in the Tang Dynasty, its value began to rise. Especially in the Ming Dynasty, China's economic and cultural growth was ahead of the world, and Zheng He's seven voyages to the West showed his national prestige. At that time, it was the peak of "making a name for yourself" in Huang Huali.
According to the data, a Huang Huali bed was worth 12 taels of silver at that time, while a maid at that time was less than 12 taels. It is equivalent to saying that a Huang Huali bed can already reach the value of more than a dozen people, which shows that the price is expensive.
It was precisely because of the royal family's special liking for Huang Huali that dignitaries competed to regard it as a treasure, which led to a large number of logs from Huang Huali, Hainan, being transported to Beijing for royal use, which led to the first catastrophe in Huang Huali, Hainan. 2. A large number of missionaries brought back to Europe in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, and the two dynasties changed.
Due to the turmoil, a large number of royal hardwood furniture flowed into the people from the palace. After seeing this strange furniture from Huang Huali, the western missionaries in China were very moved, so they bought it in large quantities and shipped it to Europe. Chinese classical furniture entered the European market on a large scale for the first time.
This is the second disaster in Huang Huali. 3. During the Opium War, Huang Huali was plundered by the West to the Qing Dynasty, and its raw materials became less and less. The varieties of mahogany from Southeast Asia entered China, and the interests of the royal family began to shift from Indian to mahogany, which undoubtedly gave Huang Huali a good breathing space.
However, the good times did not last long. Shortly after the Opium War broke out, China was massacred by western powers, and their precious articles were looted. Huang Huali is no exception. This is the third disaster in Huang Huali. 4. During the Republic of China, people in social unrest sold them cheaply. During the period of the Republic of China, domestic turmoil, including Huang Huali furniture and mahogany furniture, had to go through the tragedy of prosperity and decline, and "lived in the homes of ordinary people" through various channels.
Some foreign businessmen took the opportunity to buy a large number of hardwood furniture from the Ming and Qing Dynasties in mainland China. At that time, people in China were down and out. In order to support the family, Hainan Huang Huali was sold to foreign businessmen at a very low price. This is the fourth bad luck of Huang Huali.
5. For a period of time after the founding of New China, although Huang Huali was protected to a certain extent by the state's ban on expensive furniture leaving the country, a large number of Huang Huali furniture was destroyed as feudal relics due to the subsequent political movement. 1958 During the Great Leap Forward, it was a disaster to "get on the horse with indigenous methods" for steelmaking in Huang Huali.
Huanghua pear was a good firewood for steelmaking at that time because of its high oiliness, strong burning power and long duration. In the 1960s and 1970s, the army of agricultural reclamation and young intellectuals cut down forests and planted rubber in Hainan Island. In addition, the local people still keep the traditional custom of slash-and-burn and cut down a lot of firewood, which has caused serious damage to the growing environment of Huang Huali. This is the fifth and most serious robbery in Huang Huali, Hainan! 6. 1964, after the last appearance of bulk materials, Huang Huali was developed into a large number of Chinese herbal medicines and first-class Buddha incense raw materials, and was destroyed again.
In 1930s, the authorities claimed that Huang Huali had disappeared in China. In the next 30 years, people in the industry are convinced of this conclusion.
It was not until 1963 that a batch of Hainan Dalbergia odorifera appeared at the Shanghai material exchange meeting that this statement was overthrown. 1in the spring of 964, dozens of cubic meters of Huang Huali wood were transported from Hainan to Beijing.
This is the last appearance of Huang Huali.