The main viewpoint of materialism is "material comes first", that is, "material plays a decisive role in consciousness"; The main point of Dialectics is that "the fundamental reason for the development of things lies in the contradictions within things". The original meaning of the word "dialectics" refers to the method of exposing the contradictions in the other party's argument and overcoming them in the debate. Later philosophers used it to express their views. As an academic vocabulary, its meaning gradually changed. )

Therefore, dialectical materialism is the world view that "matter is the fundamental attribute of things, and contradiction is the fundamental reason for the change of things".

2. "Historical materialism" is a historical view based on "materialism" and a fundamental social historical view based on material.

The basic view of "historical materialism" is that "the mode of production of material life determines social life, political life and spiritual life" and "realistic people are personified in certain social relations, and all their property and activities always depend on their material living conditions."

3. "Subjective materialism" recognizes the two concepts of "subjectivity" and "materialism" and considers them separately. Based on materialism, it recognizes the viewpoint of "material first", but does not think that "consciousness" is related to "material". It believes that "consciousness" is only produced by people's thinking, and people can act at will by virtue of consciousness.

4. "Objective materialism" also recognizes "material first", but completely denies the role of "subjectivity", thinking that human beings can't understand the objective world and can't have any influence on it.

The last word is wrong, it is "metaphysics". The use of this word in both the original text and the translation is complicated, and it is difficult to understand it literally, so that there are many alienated versions of its meaning.

The original meaning of "metaphysics" is also the most basic meaning, which is "the study of the nature of the world", the ultimate proposition of philosophy or all disciplines, and the knowledge of mastering the fundamental laws of the universe.

The meaning expressed by the word "metaphysics" in Marxism–Leninism's philosophy refers to the view that things are static and isolated, which is opposite to dialectics. This may be because "metaphysics" itself is too unrealistic to borrow concepts.