Guangxiao Temple, a traditional building in Guangzhou
Brief introduction of Guangxiao Temple:
Guangxiao Temple is located at the northern end of Xiaoguang Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, near Jinghui Road. According to the records of Guangxiao Temple, it was originally the former residence of Zhao Jiande, the king of South Vietnam. During the Three Kingdoms period, the danger of the State of Wu fell here, which was called Yu Garden in history. The name of this temple has been changed several times. In the fifth year of Long 'an in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (40 1), it was called Wuyuan Temple, Huojue Temple in Gan Ming in the Tang Dynasty, Ganheng Temple in the Southern Han Dynasty in the Five Dynasties, manjuji Temple in the Northern Song Dynasty and Guangxiao Temple in the Southern Song Dynasty. Soon it was changed to Hiroko and renamed Guangxiao Temple.
Guangxiao Temple, a traditional building in Guangzhou
The architectural structure of Guangxiao Temple;
Guangxiao Temple has a rigorous architectural structure and a magnificent hall, especially many cultural relics. For example, the Daxiong Hall built in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the Shibo Spring excavated by Dharma in the Southern Dynasty, the Pufa Pagoda and Shijing Tower in the Tang Dynasty, the Thousand-Buddha Pagoda in the Southern Han Dynasty, the Sixth Ancestor Hall and the Sleeping Buddha Hall in the Song and Ming Dynasties, as well as inscriptions, Buddha statues, terminalia chebula trees and bodhi trees, are all precious Buddhist cultural relics.
Guangxiao Temple, a traditional building in Guangzhou
Architectural layout of Guangxiao Temple:
Temple layout
The building with the central axis from south to north is; Shanmen, Tianwang Hall, Main Hall, Ursa Major Hall and stupa; There are Drum Tower, Wofo Pavilion and West Building in the west. There are Xibo Spring, Bell Tower, Guest Hall, Six Ancestors Hall and Monument Gallery in the east. Further east are Xiyan Lake and East Tower. A number of large-scale ancient buildings have been formed.
Sakyamuni temple
The shrine in the Hall of the Great Hero enshrines the three sages of Hua Yan: the Buddha statue in the middle is more than 5 meters high, which is the Buddha of Buddha Sakyamuni. I saw his left hand sitting across his left foot, his right hand raised, and his bent finger was a ring, saying to all beings; Standing on both sides of him are respected Ye Jia and Ananda; There are two bodhisattvas on both sides of Sakyamuni. On the left is Manjusri Bodhisattva, also known as Dayuan Bodhisattva, and on the right is Pu Xian, also known as Mahayana Bodhisattva. This Buddha, two Bodhisattvas and three Buddha statues are collectively called "Hua Yan San Sheng", which is different from other Buddhist temples that worship three buddhas (past life, present life and afterlife), three-body buddhas (dharma buddhas, body buddhas and body buddhas) and three-party buddhas. Surprisingly, in 1950, a number of woodcarving arhats were found in the abdomen of the Buddha statue. After textual research, they are all woodcarvings of the Tang Dynasty. These precious wood carvings are now collected in museums and become precious cultural relics of the Tang Dynasty.
Shuifodian
The reclining Buddha Hall is on the west side of Mahayana Hall. This reclining Buddha in the temple is carved out of white jade from Myanmar, which is 4 meters long and weighs 6 tons. It is engraved with the nirvana of Muny. The whole sleeping Buddha's head faces south and west, lying on his side, with a natural posture and a very peaceful facial expression. Legend has it that in order to spread Buddhism, Sakyamuni almost traveled all over the Indian Peninsula. At the age of 80, he died under a tree in Miluo near Naga. Later, all the statues of the reclining Buddha were carved into the posture of his death.
Furuncle tower
This pagoda is a brick tower similar to a pavilion, with seven octagonal floors and a height of 7.8 meters. It is the place where Huineng, the sixth ancestor, was buried after being cut and ordained. This pagoda was built in the Tang Dynasty, and its shape is very exquisite. This ancient pagoda in Sui and Tang Dynasties is one of the few precious cultural relics preserved in our province and even the whole country. There are only five pagodas in Guangdong Province. Besides the pagodas, there are also the ancestral pagodas of Chaoyang Lingshan Temple, the Zhengxiang Pagoda of Tuocheng in Longchuan County, the Stone Pagoda of longxing temple in Xinhui City and the Mountain Pagoda of Yutaisi Town.
Guangxiao Temple, a traditional building in Guangzhou
Architectural features of Guangxiao Temple;
Guangxiao Temple, with a magnificent building scale, is the crown of Lingnan jungle. It not only occupies an important position in the history of Buddhism, but also creates a unique style and genre in the architectural history of southern China. The original eleven halls: Auditorium, Pilu Hall, Xisanxian Hall, Guanyin Hall, Luohan Hall, Liuzu Hall, THE TEMPLE OF JIALAN Hall, Wei Tuo Hall, Tianwang Hall, Sida Prince Hall and Lunzang Hall; Six halls: Tang Jie, Feng Fan Hall, Guest Hall, Zen Hall, Tan Yuetang and Shixiantang; The third floor: Sleeping Buddha Building, Bell Tower and Drum Tower. Due to historical changes, the temple was destroyed several times. 1987 implemented the religious policy, and Guangxiao Temple returned to Buddhism. After ten years' efforts, Guangxiao Temple has buildings such as the mountain gate, the Heavenly King Hall, the Ursa Major Hall, the Bell and Drum Tower, the THE TEMPLE OF JIALAN Hall, the Sixth Ancestral Hall, the reclining Buddha Building, the Dishwashing Spring, the East West Tower, the Great Compassion Building and the Spasm Tower, and other historical sites.
Among these buildings, the Daxiong Hall is the most magnificent. Founded in the Dongzhi era, it was rebuilt in the Tang Dynasty and maintained the architectural art in the Tang and Song Dynasties. The main hall is a spindle-shaped column with a thick center and a slightly thin top and bottom. The eaves of His Highness are all covered with six arches, which is unique among the famous ancient buildings in China. The Hall of Six Ancestors was built in the first year of Xiangfu in the Northern Song Dynasty, where Huineng, a master of Six Phases, sat. There is an ancient bodhi tree in front of the Six Phases Hall, which was planted by the Indian monk Sanzang. "Little Light Bodhi" is one of the eight scenic spots in Yangcheng. The spasm tower was built by monk Facai, the abbot of the Tang Dynasty, to commemorate Master Huineng's becoming a monk in Guangxiao Temple. Six ancestors' hair is stored in the tower, which is based on stone, with octagonal brick and sand structure, nine floors and 7.8 meters high. There are niches on each floor, embedded with clay statues of Buddha. There is also a Millennium-old terminalia chebula tree behind the main hall, which was planted for the Three Kingdoms. This is really a treasure of the ages.
The hall is magnificent, with magnificent structure and technology, distinctive features and Tang and Song styles. On the right side of the main hall is the Temple of Heaven dedicated to the dharma, and on the left is the Six Ancestors' True Scripture, which was built in the Northern Song Dynasty. As the main building of Guangxiao Temple, Daxiong Hall is built on a high platform, and the second floor bells and drums are built on the left and right sides of the hall. Three giant buddhas were newly built in the temple, with Sakyamuni in the center, Manjusri Bodhisattva and Samantabhadra in the left and right. Together, the three buddhas are called "Hua Yan San Xian". In front of the Sixth Ancestral Temple is the Fur Tower. According to legend, when Tang Gaozong was born, Huineng, the sixth ancestor, shaved his hair under a bodhi tree and buried Huineng's hair underground. Then, he built a pagoda there to commemorate the master who started the Southern Zen Buddhism. The tower is octagonal and 6.7 meters high, with 7 floors and 8 niches on each floor. Unique in shape, it is one of the precious cultural relics in the temple. There are also a pair of stone buildings on the left and right sides of the platform of the Hall of Fame.
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