Among Lu Xun's few poems handed down from ancient times, there is a seven-character quatrain "To A Pengzi", which was written by Lu Xun at the request of Yao Pengzi in 1932. This poem tells that during the Sino-Japanese War of 12.8 in Shanghai, Shen Ruoyun, the wife of Shanghai young poet Mu, took her son to Yao Pengzi's house by rickshaw to find her husband. The whole poem is as follows: "Suddenly, the fairy flew into the blue sky, and clouds and cars whipped the clever boy. Poor Peng Zi is not the son of heaven. He runs around and sucks the north wind. " This poem is humorous, which shows that Lu Xun is quite friendly to the younger generation, such as Wen Zi, Yao Pengzi and Mu. His antipathy to Yao Pengzi was two years later, which was related to Yao Pengzi's statement in Nanjing newspaper that he was divorced. Lu Xun has always hated evil, and love and hate are clear. He thinks that Yao Pengzi defected to the enemy in Nanjing and fell in the enemy camp himself, which is very contemptuous and interrupts all contact with Yao. In Shanghai, Lu Xun also warned the progressive cultural figures he knew not to associate with Yao Pengzi again, pointing out that he was unreliable. For example, in his letter to Yao Ke on August 3 1, 1934, he said, "Your relatives, that is, your husband ... know that he has become a small official and helped to compile magazines in Nanjing." 1934165438+1October 12 wrote in a letter to Xiaojun: "... Peng Zizhuan, Ding Ling is still alive and the government is raising her." (What I want to explain here is that Mr. Lu Xun didn't know the real situation of Ding Ling being detained in Nanjing at that time, thinking that she had surrendered herself, so he said that "the government was supporting her") History is complicated, and as a person in a specific historical period, it is often complicated. During his three or four years in Nanjing, Yao Pengzi had a psychological experience full of regrets, contradictions and dramatic experiences. He was sheltered and cared for by Xu Enceng, Chairman of the Central Committee, and became friends with each other. It's just that the long changes have buried the past and made it little known ... June 1934, nanjing xinjiekou Mingwa Gallery No.21,the old courtyard, was full of people and people. This is the third birthday of the new couple Yao Pengzi. The boy was fat for nothing, wearing a new suit and being held in his arms by a young nanny. He smiled and was innocent. Yao Pengzi, wearing a suit and tie, and his wife Zhou Xiuwen stood at the door to welcome the guests with polite and humble expressions. He didn't have many friends and acquaintances in Nanjing, only Tang Huaiqiu and others came, but Wang Pingling, Ceng Xubai and Ma Xingye, the royal literati of the Kuomintang political circles, all came to pay tribute. But somehow, Yao Pengzi is always unhappy. He realized that since the Nanjing Central Daily published the declaration of Yao Pengzi's separation from * * *, he was regarded as an alien by his comrades-in-arms and left out in the cold. This made him feel depressed and sad. ...

Yao Pengzi, formerly known as Ren Fang, later renamed Shan Zun, pen names Ding Ai, Xiao Ying and Yao Mengsheng, from Zhuji, Zhejiang Province, 1906. His father Yao was a juren in the late Qing Dynasty. As early as the early years of the Republic of China, he worked as an editor at Zhonghua Book Company in Shanghai. In those days, most of the textbooks published by China were written by him, and those books promoting new culture influenced millions of people. After graduating from college, Yao Pengzi devoted himself to the Shanghai literary world and published several books (including translations). He pursues progress and has an active mind. 1927 Join * *1930 Join the "Left Alliance". A year later, he edited the monthly magazine Literary Life published by Shanghai United Bookstore, and met many famous left-wing writers such as Lu Xun, Mao Dun, Feng Xuefeng, Qian Xingcun and Yu Dafu. Yao Pengzi is eloquent and somewhat talented. His collection of novels "Silhouette" published in 1933 has attracted much attention from the society, and Lu Xun has also written a review article for him. 1In the summer of 933, when Yao Pengzi was appointed as the deputy secretary of Tianjin Branch of the Left Alliance, he had become a member of the Standing Committee of the National Left Alliance, participated in the secret underground work of the Party, served as the "traffic liaison officer of Hebei Province" of the Communist Party of China, and joined the anti-Japanese and national salvation movement. That winter, Yao Pengzi, who was betrayed by traitors, and his comrades Hong and Pan Mouhua were arrested by Zhongtong agents in Tianjin, taken to Nanjing, and put in a detention center near the Confucius Temple in Zhanyuan, and suffered a lot. Yao Pengzi realized at this moment that it is also full of risks for intellectuals to engage in revolutionary activities. He once resisted the surrender of Zhang Daofan, the great cultural spy of the Central Committee, but he wavered when Xu Enceng, the leader of the Central Committee, surrendered himself.

Xu Enceng, born in Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, 1898, graduated from Nanyang University in Shanghai at an early age, then studied in the United States, and worked as an electromechanical engineer in Shanghai after returning home. 1927 After the "April 12th" coup, he joined Chen and Chen Lifu in the CC group. 193 1 became the chief of the investigation section of the central Committee and the actual person in charge of the central Committee. Headquartered on the third floor of Jacky Industry Association near nanjing xinjiekou. Xu Enceng is a wily man, but he didn't show it. He thinks he knows some psychology. He knew Yao Pengzi's psychology like the back of his hand and told his men not to extort a confession by torture. He was taken to the Central Introspection Hospital in Yanziji, a northern suburb, for detention. Yang, the president of introspection, was ordered to instruct several prisoners to pick fights, beat and scold Yao and make him kneel down, which made Yao Pengzi unable to live and begged for death, which was extremely painful. Until then, Yang Dean belatedly blamed the prisoners and kindly comforted Yao Pengzi.

Xu Enceng has a romantic surname and likes fishing and hunting. His favorite wife, Fei Xia, is very beautiful. Fei Xia joined the student movement after graduating from Beiping Manchu Girls' Middle School, and later joined * * *, and was ordered to work as a clerk in the Nanjing Social Department of the Kuomintang, secretly engaged in the party's intelligence gathering work. After being arrested, Gu defected in April of 193 1, and the underground party organization in Nanjing was severely damaged and was also arrested. Her beauty and elegant temperament soon attracted Xu Enceng. Xu Sui used both carrot and stick, forcing Fei Xia to surrender and throw himself into his arms. Xu Enceng rented a French villa with a single house and quiet environment at the foot of Liang Qingshan in the west of Nanjing, and he often came here to play with Fei Xia. As luck would have it, Fei Xia loves literature and art, knows a little about piano, chess, calligraphy and painting, especially likes reading some European and American literary works, and is also very interested in Soviet novels and essays. She praised Yao Pengzi's translated and published books, such as Selected Prose of Turgenev, Lovely Friends, and The Bell. When boasting about how he cleaned up Yao Pengzi in front of her, she was disgusted, blaming her husband's hands for being too spicy, and repeatedly urging him to be tolerant of Yao Pengzi and be nice to him, because Yao is a famous scholar after all. Xu Enceng thought it over carefully: If your wife's words are really reasonable and you are really moved by sympathy, she will change her attitude. About half a month later, Xu Enceng personally talked to Yao Pengzi, carrot and stick, moved by emotion, and explained it with "reason", saying that he couldn't bear to see Yao Pengzi end up being executed as five "left-wing writers" such as Yin Fu, Rou Shi and Hu Yepin. Besides, he and Yao Pengzi are both fellow villagers in Zhejiang and family friends. He advised Yao Pengzi to go away, and hinted that it would not be too difficult for him. Yao Pengzi wanted to be ahead and finally gave in. He was quickly released on bail, and Bao (the famous), who was appointed by Xu Enceng as the vice president of the introspection institute, came forward as a guarantor. After Yao came out, he was assigned to the semi-official Yue Zhong as the deputy editor-in-chief with a high salary. He also arranged for the Foreign Minister to take Yao's wife and children from Shanghai to Nanjing for reunion. Later, Yao held two birthday parties for his son. At that time, Yao Pengzi was so depressed that his wife called him "a man with a headache and a hot brain". What the couple didn't expect was that in the evening, together with a beautiful lady, they quietly took a bus to visit Yao, who had fallen asleep in Mingwa Gallery, and praised the child for being rich and smart, and he must have a bright future in the future, leaving a heavy red envelope and a pair of silver bracelets. Yao Pengzi was very moved, and Xu Enceng and his wife kept in private contact with Yao Pengzi from now on. He also recognized Yao as his adopted son, and Yao asked her to send his mother (which means foster mother), while the one who dotes on his wife naturally became Yao's father (Michel Platini). Many years later, Yao became famous after his success. He was unexpectedly "left" and "revolutionary", but he was most afraid of being mentioned by others about his childhood experience in Nanjing. This has almost become his heart disease.

From 1935, arranged by Xu Enceng and Zhu Jiahua (another leader of central unification who is also from Zhejiang), Yao Pengzi went to Wuhu as the executive deputy editor of Dajiang Daily (controlled by the Propaganda Department of the Kuomintang Communist Party), with four editions a day and a circulation of several thousand copies. The main news comes from Nanjing Central News Agency, which is unreadable. At the same time, he is also the deputy editor-in-chief of The Bell. He goes back and forth between Nanjing and Wuhu. At that time, Ding Ling, a well-known female writer, was still being held in Nanjing Central Detention Center. 1933 was arrested in Shanghai in March and betrayed by her later husband Feng Da. Ding Ling persevered in prison, persisted in the struggle and refused to cooperate with the authorities, so she was brutally persecuted by secret agents. Due to the strong pressure of progressive public opinion at home and abroad, the Kuomintang authorities dare not kill her. 1In April, 935, she was released on medical parole and moved to a western-style bungalow atNo.1alfalfa garden outside Zhongshan Gate. During her recovery, she began to write again. She is still under the surveillance of agents of the Central Committee, and her freedom is still restricted. Yao Pengzi is far less well-known than Ding Ling, who has published several influential novels such as Mother and Diary of Ms. Sha Fei, but they once knew each other in Shanghai. When Yao Pengzi was free, he went to visit Ding Ling in Alfalfa Garden, had lunch with her, talked about literature and current affairs, and told Ding Ling about his inner anguish and guilt. He repeatedly said that although he was forced to leave the party and turn himself in, he really never betrayed "Left-wing" comrades and comrades in Shanghai and Tianjin, and never revealed party secrets. When it comes to emotion, Yao Pengzi swore and shed tears, which made Ding Ling dubious. Obviously, she didn't have much ill feelings towards Yao Pengzi at that time. Once, she borrowed 200 yuan from him to help her mother and young girl in Linli, Xiangxi. Yao Pengzi generously offered to help, and said that he didn't need to pay back, because he has a better life now.

He also told Ding Ling that out of guilt and atonement, he secretly helped Hong (who died heroically in Nanjing) and Pan Mohua's family. Ding Ling believes that Yao Pengzi is not lying. Yao advised her to write for Dajiang Daily in Wuhu and Bell Monthly in Nanjing to earn money and improve her life, but she resolutely refused. She didn't want to cooperate with the Kuomintang authorities who killed her ex-husband Hu Yepin and destroyed her in every way. One day, at the banquet of Confucius Temple Six Dynasties Hotel, Yao Pengzi overheard Zhang Chong, the backbone of the Central Committee, say that he would arrest Zhang Ruiyun, a Chinese communist female who was released on bail due to pregnancy, and had already made a plan. Yao Pengzi is very upset. He knows that Zhang Ruiyun is Qian Zhuangfei's agent (Qian Zhuangfei is the Communist Party of China (CPC)'s underground party member and Xu Enceng's aunt. After Gu's mutiny, Qian Zhuangfei intercepted the cables and informed the Secretary of the Central Military Commission. Not long ago, Qian Zhuangfei, the security minister of the Red Army Corps, died on the way to the Long March. If Zhang Ruiyun is caught again, he will die. After much consideration, Yao Pengzi summoned up his courage and wrote a secret letter to his good friend and young progressive playwright Yu Hong, asking him to tell Zhang Ruiyun that his situation was very dangerous and he had to leave Nanjing. After that, Yao Pengzi felt a little relieved. He also took advantage of his close relationship with Xu Enceng and his wife to speak for imprisoned writers such as Ding Ling and Tian Han, and believed that the authorities should be lenient with these influential progressive cultural figures and had better release them unconditionally. This is conducive to improving the image of the Kuomintang in the world and among the people. According to "Memoirs of Xu Enceng" published overseas in the late 1980s, Yao Pengzi, who was "rehabilitated" in Nanking, privately expressed sympathy for CCP and even interceded for Ding Ling and others for many times ... This also shows that people are complicated. Tian Han was released on July 1935 and left Nanjing for Shanghai. Ding Ling was released by the Kuomintang authorities on 1936 and moved to Yan 'an. Later, she recalled her association with Yao Pengzi in Nanjing, which was basically true. She admitted that she got Yao's sympathy and help, but at the same time she cursed Yao Yitong. The reason is self-evident. From 65438 to 0936, Yao Pengzi was appointed as the deputy editor-in-chief of Rotary Daily with American business background, and did some work in publicizing the Anti-Japanese War. At that time, he had moved to the east section of Shigu Road and lived in an old quadrangle, which was spacious, with many flowers and trees and many sanitary facilities. During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, the Yao family went to the Chongqing rear area. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Yao Pengzi's family moved back to Shanghai and opened a writer's bookstore. This deal is fair. In the early days of liberation, he made a lot of money and bought a new house near Jing 'an Temple. 1954, the writers bookstore was merged into Shanghai Education Publishing House, and Yao Pengzi and Zhou Xiuwen joined the publishing house as employees, leading a well-off life. Yao had joined * * * at that time. He is radical in thought and lacks literary talent. He couldn't write a decent poem, so he wrote literary criticism instead. Because his two sisters died young before liberation, he became the only son of the Yao family and still lived with his parents after marriage.

During the period of 1955, Yao Pengzi was arrested for being involved in the case of "anti-Party clique in Pan Hannian and john young" which caused a sensation throughout the country. Because he is also the traffic liaison of the special branch of the Chinese Communist Party, and he accepts the leadership of Pan Hannian. After his release, Yao Pengzi was once unemployed. Arranged by the relevant departments, he entered the Chinese Department of Shanghai Normal University as a part-time lecturer. Over the years, he has been diligent and satisfied. But when the political movement came, it was difficult to pass because of historical problems, and it was badly punished. However, Yao Zai 1957 became very popular because he wrote critical articles and criticized people. At the beginning of the "Cultural Revolution", he jumped into China's political arena and became a smash hit. In the end, he was shackled and sent to the judgment seat of history. I won't go into details here. Yao Pengzi had a hard time in his later years and was often severely reprimanded by his son and daughter-in-law, but he was much luckier than others who had similar experiences. After all, he touched his son very much. 1969 He died of depression at his home in Shanghai at the age of 64.