Swiss watchmaking was almost entirely manual at first. 1845, with the watchmaking machinery and mass production, this industry really became a modern industrial sector. In the following century, the output of watches rose rapidly, with the highest annual output reaching 65.438+0.04 billion, accounting for 40% of the world's total output, and almost all of them were exported. Of the 10 watches exported all over the world, 7 are from Switzerland. Nevertheless, for more than three centuries, the Swiss watch industry has been in a decentralized state during the industrialization period. Except for a few well-known brands, it has never been highly concentrated, and most manufacturers are small and medium-sized. Facing the increasingly fierce global competition, the watchmaking industry raised funds to set up 192 1 Swiss Watch Research Institute and 1962 Electronic Watch Center, both of which are R&D institutions and located in Nachate. Before the mid-1970s, some new technologies first appeared in Switzerland. Among them, the earliest liquid crystal digital display; The thinnest watch (thickness less than1mm); A body temperature battery mounted on a watchband.
/kloc-0 was overtaken by Japan and Hong Kong in the mid-1970s, and the Swiss watch market was severely impacted by electronic watches. Switzerland handles it in two ways. The first is a high-end watch that is highly integrated with jewelry. The second is to quit your electronic watch. In 1980s, Switzerland introduced a series of cheap plastic timepieces, among which Swatch was the earliest and most famous. This is a self-made English word, the last five letters are "watch", and the first two letters are also the first letters of the English word "Switzerland". The timely machine core is sealed in a plastic shell. If it is broken, it can't be repaired, but it is not easy to break. It may take two or three years to change a small battery. This kind of watch has achieved great success in the western market.