The decline of slave trade is the result of capitalist social movement and the product of historical development. Its appearance has profound social, political and economic roots.

First, after entering the period of free capitalism, capitalist economic development gradually traded with slaves.

Contradictions, therefore, the slave trade has lost its continued value.

From 65438 to the 1960s, Britain took the lead in entering the industrial revolution. /kloc-At the beginning of the 0/9th century, the United States and France followed closely.

Started the industrial revolution. The leap of capitalist economy from workshop handicraft industry to factory large machine production,

The development speed of capitalist productive forces is unprecedented. Therefore, industrial capital is urgently needed.

The huge team of freelancers and the vast foreign market are suitable for it. However, slave labor

Force lacks personal freedom, and its actions are completely controlled and dominated by slave owners, so the slave trade and slaves

The continued existence of this system will inevitably directly hinder the formation of freely hired labor. Besides, slaves lost their lives.

Freedom not only lacks enthusiasm for production, but also often destroys tools and machines, thus improving production efficiency.

As early as 1776, Adam Smith pointed out that wage labor is more expensive than slave labor.

Sell at a low price. For example, he said that when farming the same land, the cost of slave labor is five times that of hired labor.

The development of history confirmed his statement. By the end of 18, British sugarcane plantations in the Caribbean were cleared.

Slavery sugar industry obviously shows its disadvantages and is increasingly becoming a burden of British economic development.

The existence of the slave trade also brought difficulties to the development of Africa. Africa is vast and rich in resources.

Ideal commodity market and raw material producing area in western China. The slave trade forcibly transported a large number of African laborers to the sea.

Outside, the population of Africa is dying. Therefore, only by abolishing the slave trade can African labor be used locally.

Only by developing the rich local natural resources can Africa become a stable commodity sales market. 18 generation

In the late 20th century, the profit from exporting a ship of palm oil from Africa was much higher than that from trafficking a ship of slaves. This fact

It shows that under the influence of the law of capitalist economic development, western industrial capital pays more and more attention to right and wrong.

Exploitation of mainland resources. In contrast, the slave trade is on the decline.

Second, the black resistance shook the foundation of the slave trade and accelerated its decline.

The resistance of African people runs through the whole process of slave trade. In Africa, I love freedom.

People of all ethnic groups in Africa do not want to be slaves. They are not afraid of violence, persist in struggle and severely crack down on slaves.

Activities of traffickers. On the way to the slave trade, slave riots are common (see Chapter 1 of this volume). in the U.S

For example, in western colonies, African slaves can't stand the abuse and destruction of plantation slave owners and are often used to laziness.

Work, destruction of tools, escape and uprising. In the Caribbean, Brazil and the United States

A large-scale slave uprising broke out in three slave-holding areas. The Haitian revolution of 179 1 made it even darker.

The slave struggle reached a climax. Under the leadership of Toussaint L'Ouverture, the slaves defeated the French and the Spanish successively.

The colonial army declared Haiti's independence in June 180 1. The new black republic promulgated the constitution and abolished slavery.

Slavery liberated all slaves, and the Haitian revolution was a shining example of slave struggle, which was successfully abolished for the first time.

Except for the plantation slavery revolution. Encouraged by the Haitian revolution, control broke out all over Latin America.

The great war of independence was against colonialism, feudalism and plantation slavery. War of Independence

After the victory, many Latin American countries successively promulgated laws to abolish and restrict slavery.

Third, the rise of the abolitionist movement in western countries had a strong impact on the slave trade and slavery.

People of insight in the west have long opposed the slave trade and plantation slavery.

The bourgeois enlightenment thinkers Locke, Montesquieu and Voltaire all condemned and criticized the slave trade.

And slavery. /kloc-in the second half of the 0/8th century, with the development of capitalist productive forces, the political and economic situation caused

With the change of the situation, with the slave trade and the evil of slavery being increasingly recognized by people, in all walks of life.

Calls for the abolition of the slave trade and slavery are constantly rising. 1772, British abolitionists passed by.

In the trial of James Somerset case, the struggle forced the British Supreme Court to declare that in China

Abolish slavery. This victory greatly encouraged the abolitionists in western countries and further promoted the abolition of slavery.

The upsurge of the movement also kicked off the worldwide movement to ban the slave trade. 170th century

In the 1980s, abolitionists established specialized organizations, such as the British Association for Abolition of the African Slave Trade.

Will, France's "Friends of the Black" and so on. As early as 1775, American abolitionists established the first one in Philadelphia.

A local abolitionist group held a national abolitionist conference in 1794.

Yes Abolitionists and their organizations in western countries are very active, holding mass gatherings and giving inspiring speeches.

Publishing newspapers, writing monographs and articles, lashing out at the evil slave trade and slavery, and promoting the abolition of slavery.

The extensive development of the slave movement.

The American War of Independence and the French Revolution injected new vitality into the booming abolitionist movement. single

In the Legislative Declaration and the Declaration of Human Rights, "all men are born equal" and "all men are born with rights".

The idea of "ultimate freedom and equality" was widely spread in the cheers of revolutionary victory, which provided conditions for the abolition of slavery.

Powerful ideological weapon.

It should be pointed out that the members of the abolitionist movement are complex, including Quakers, evangelicals and other religious groups.

Body, there are representatives of the bourgeoisie and petty bourgeoisie, but also the broad masses of grassroots working people. Various political forces

The motives for opposing the slave trade and slavery are also different, and some people criticize their opposition from a religious point of view.

Religious barbarism; Some people attack its anti-humanitarian evil; The industrial bourgeoisie tried to abolish slavery.

Step into the track of competing with the commercial bourgeoisie for the dominance of colonial policy; And the working people wasted it.

The slave movement was regarded as a struggle against capital oppression. Despite this, abolitionists put the elimination of the slave trade and

Slavery was the goal of the struggle, and their struggle strongly impacted the slave trade and slavery, so slavery was abolished.

Exercise has positive significance.

In short, the development of capitalist economy is the root cause of the decline of slave trade, while anti-slavery

The upsurge of the struggle against slavery and its abolition directly accelerated the demise of the slave trade. Under the restriction of these factors.

At present, the prohibition of slave trade in western countries has become a historical necessity.