According to the records in Zheng Deqiong's Records of Taiwan in Ming Dynasty, Hainan Island was called "Southern Service and Waste Payment" in Tang and Yu Dynasties, and "Outside the County" in Qin Dynasty. This shows that Hainan Island was a remote border of the motherland at that time. Hainan Island is one of the four exile places, mainly in Asia, located at the southernmost tip of China.
In the sixth year of Ding Yuan, Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty (1 1 1), general Lü bode and shipbuilding general yangfu led troops to quell the rebellion in South Vietnam. In the first year of Yuanfeng (before 1 10), Zhu Ya County (governing Qiongshan today) and Danzhou County (governing Danzhou today) were established in Hainan Island. Under the jurisdiction of the jiaozhou city Secretariat. These are the first two administrative place names of Hainan Island in Chinese territory, which indicates that the central government began to directly rule Hainan Island.
In the first year of Emperor Taikang of the Jin Dynasty (280), Zhu Ya County was merged into Hepu County. Ibis becomes tortoise shell. Hepu County leaders Hepu, Nanping, Dangchang, Xuwen, Guijia and Zhuguan counties. It belongs to JIAOZHOU. Soon, Zhuguan County was abandoned. In the Western Jin Dynasty, Leizhou Peninsula and Hainan Island belonged to Jiaozhou.
In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, in the eighth year of Yuanjia in Song Wendi (43 1), Zhuya County was re-established and ruled Xuwen, but it was soon abolished. Zhu Guan and Zhu Lu belong to Yuezhou. In Datong, Liang Wudi (535 ~ 546), Yazhou was established in the land of Feier County and unified in Guangzhou.
In the Tang Dynasty, the county was changed to a state, and in the fifth year of Tang Wude (622), it was changed to Danzhou. Zhisuo is still in Elon County. Lingnan Road covers 5 states and 22 counties, including Shezhou, Danzhou, Zhou Zhen, Wan 'an and Qiongzhou. Hainan's abbreviation "Qiong" comes from Qiongzhou in the Tang Dynasty and belongs to Lingnan Road. Later it belonged to Nanhan.
Song and Yuan Dynasties
Song Taizu Kaibao four years (97 1 year), Pingnan Han. In the Song Dynasty, one state and three armies, Qiongzhou led five counties, Nanning led three counties, Wan 'an led two counties, and Jiyang led three towns, leading Hainan from the beginning.
In the 28th year of Zhiyuan (129 1), it was changed to the military and civilian appeasement department of Qiongzhou Road. In the second year of Yuan Wenzong (AD 1329), it was changed to the military and civilian appeasement department of Ganning. Soon, Ding 'an County was promoted to Nanjianzhou. From the end of Zong Dynasty to the end of Zheng Dynasty, Hainan was classified as a book province in Guangxi.
Ming and Qing dynasties
In Ming Dynasty, Hainan established Qiongzhou Prefecture, which was in charge of Nai, Wan and Ya counties 10. The organizational system of Hainan in Qing Dynasty still followed that of Ming Dynasty. In March (1368) of the fifth year of Hongwu in Ming Taizu, the Ming army went south, and in June, the commander of Haibei Road and Hainan surrendered in the Yuan Dynasty.
In the Ming Dynasty, the South China Sea Islands were changed to Yazhou. In the Ming Dynasty, the "dependent" Li people were also incorporated into grass-roots organizations such as Tudu, DuDu and Xiang, and moved to prefectures and counties, where they paid food like the Han people.
At the beginning of Qing Dynasty, Xisha Islands (called "Thousand Miles Changsha") and Nansha Islands (called "Thousand Miles Stone Pond") were under the jurisdiction of Wanzhou, the capital of Qiongzhou. The South China Sea Islands have been the territory of China since ancient times.
Hainan jianqiong cliff road in qing dynasty. Under the jurisdiction of Qiongzhou Prefecture (now Qiongshan Fucheng), it is in charge of 1 8 counties: Qiongshan (now Fucheng), Chengmai (now Old Town), Ding 'an (now Wenwen Town), Wenchang (now Town), Huitong (now Northeast qionghai city), Le Hui (now Southeast qionghai city) and Lingao (now Lincheng).
Republic of China period
The Republic of China 19 12 was formally established. Qiongya Road is located in Qiongshan Fucheng, and Daoyin governs the whole island. At the beginning of the Republic of China, Hainan Island was still built in the Qing Dynasty, with Qiongya Road, which governed 13 counties: Qiongshan, Chengmai, Ding 'an, Wenchang, Qiongdong (that is, the meeting of the Qing Dynasty), Le Hui, Danxian (19 12 Danzhou changed to county), Lingao and Lingao.
In April of the 38th year of the Republic of China (1949), Hainan Special Administrative Region was established, which was subordinate to the Executive Yuan. The Office of the Chief Executive of Hainan Special Administrative Region and the Preparatory Committee for the Establishment of Hainan Province are located in Haikou.
During the founding of New China
1980 65438+ 10 month, renamed Hainan administrative office. 1984 10 year 10 month, Hainan administrative office was revoked and the people's government of Hainan administrative region was formally proclaimed.
198 1 year, Hainan administrative region was under the jurisdiction of Hainan Li and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, directly administering Qiongshan, Wenchang, Lingao, Chengmai, Qionghai, Tunchang, Danxian, Wanning and Ding 'an counties, with offices in Xisha, Nansha and zhongsha islands.
1987, Hainan Li and Miao Autonomous Prefecture was revoked. 1On April 3, 988, Hainan Administrative Region of Guangdong Province was abolished and Hainan Province and Hainan Special Economic Zone were established.
Extended information: Hainan is also known as Qiongya and Qiongzhou. In BC 1 10, the central government established Zhu Ya County and Yuer County in Hainan Island, which were under the jurisdiction of JIAOZHOU secretariat, marking the formal incorporation of Hainan into Chinese territory.
1April, 988 13, Hainan administrative region was divided from Guangdong province and established as an independent province. Hainan Province and Hainan Special Economic Zone were formally established. Hainan Special Economic Zone is the largest and only provincial special economic zone in China.
On April 3, 20 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to support the construction of a free trade pilot zone in Hainan Island, and support Hainan to gradually explore and steadily promote the construction of a free trade port with China characteristics, and gradually establish a free trade port policy and institutional system.
2065438+On June 3rd, 2008, after in-depth investigation and overall planning by Hainan Provincial Party Committee and Government, it was decided to establish Haikou Jiangdong New Area as the key pioneer area for the construction of China (Hainan) Pilot Free Trade Zone.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Hainan