1, Reform and Transformation in the Late Qing Dynasty
In the late Qing Dynasty, China suffered from domestic troubles and foreign invasion, and its social and economic problems were serious. In order to revitalize the country, the Qing Dynasty carried out a series of reforms and reform attempts. Including the Westernization Movement, the Self-improvement Movement and the Reform Movement of 1898. The goal of these attempts is to make China strong and get rid of foreign control.
2. Xinhai Revolution
The Revolution of 1911 is a revolution of great significance in China's modern history. 19 1 1 broke out in, overthrew the rule of the Qing dynasty and ended the feudal monarchy in China for two thousand years. The core figure of the Revolution of 1911 was Sun Yat-sen, who led the Guangzhou Uprising and the establishment of the Nanjing Provisional Government. The result of the Revolution of 1911 was the establishment of the first democratic republic in China, which promoted the changes of social and political system in China.
3. The establishment of Beiyang government.
After the Revolution of 1911, Beiyang government became the temporary central government of China. Beiyang government was established in Tianjin, north of China, with Yuan Shikai as president. Its establishment marked the beginning of the centralization of political power in China and attempted to unify the whole country. Under the rule of Beiyang government, China still faced the problems of civil war, foreign invasion and political chaos, which eventually led to the birth of New China.
Changes and Hope from the Late Qing Dynasty to the Founding of New China;
1, the rise of various ideological trends
During this period, many thoughts and academic viewpoints appeared in China society. Including the reformists, Kang Youwei's thoughts on democratic deliberation and Liang Qichao's thoughts on social reform, which reflected the desire and exploration of China intellectuals for social change and laid the foundation for China's modernization process.
2. The influence of foreign forces
During the period of Beiyang government in the late Qing Dynasty, China faced the aggression of foreign powers and the oppression of unequal treaties. This situation has aroused China people's sense of resistance and national pride, and promoted the rise of patriotism. China has also introduced some advanced science, technology and ideas from foreign countries, which has provided a certain foundation for China's modernization.