The excavation of Pengtoushan site in Lixian County proves that Changde began to enter the Neolithic Age 9000 years ago, and primitive people in this period have mastered the technology of stone grinding and pottery making. The lower culture of Shimen Zaoshi, more than 7000 years ago, is one of the representatives of the early Neolithic culture in China. During this period, the production tools included axes, chisels and other cutting tools and fishing nets, and the original pottery-making technology was mastered to produce simple tableware.
The Tangjiagang site in Anxiang more than 6500 years ago reflects the prosperous life of the matriarchal clan society in Changde at that time. The site of Huachenggang in Anxiang more than 5,000 years ago is a powerful proof that Changde entered the patriarchal society. During this period, the production tools have been greatly improved, the drilling, cutting and polishing techniques of stone tools are relatively mature, and pottery is generally trimmed with slow wheels.
During the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, Changde had a prosperous population and economy. There are more than 550 sites of Shang and Zhou Dynasties in this city, and items such as arrows, hairpins, fish hooks and copper melting furnaces have been unearthed. The Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period is a period of social change in history. There are thousands of tombs of the Warring States in Changde, and there are some sites of the Warring States, such as Jijiao City in Jixian County, Cailing City in Taoyuan and Song Yucheng in Linli.
In the twenty-second year of King Xiang of Chu (277 BC), the county magistrate "cut Wu County and Jiangnan to make it a county in central Guizhou" and built a project in the east of Changde City to keep it. Changde has a city, and since then. Changde in Qin Dynasty belongs to the county in central Guizhou, and the county government is located in Linyuan County. When Emperor Gaozu of the Western Han Dynasty took the meaning of "stopping Ge as a soldier and setting Gao Ping as a mausoleum", he changed the county in central Guizhou to Wuling County, which was subordinate to Jingzhou Secretariat. In the 26th year of Jianwu (AD 50), Guangwudi of the Eastern Han Dynasty restored Wuling County, and the county administration was moved from Yiling (now Pu Shu County) to Linyuan County. In the third year of Yangjia in Shun Di (AD 134), Jingzhou Cishi moved to Suoxian County (now Duangangtou Town Ruins Village in Dingcheng District). During the Three Kingdoms period, Changde was under the jurisdiction of the State of Wu, and it was still named Wuling County, belonging to Jingzhou. In the Western Jin Dynasty, Changde belonged to Wuling County, Tianmen County and Nanping County. Wuling and Lizhou belonged to Jiangnan West Road in Tang Dynasty. In the Northern Song Dynasty, Langzhou was changed to Dingzhou, and Lizhou was changed to Liyang Zhou Jun, both of which belonged to Jinghu North Road. In the seventh year of Song Huizong Zhenghe (A.D.117), Ying Yong of Ding Shengfu was appointed as the Chinese ambassador to Changde County. Changde is quoted from Confucius' The Book of Songs Ya Chang: "It is said that generals should be punished, soldiers should be trained, and the people should use them without being harsh. This can be a regular method, but there is Changde ",and the name" Changde "began here. In the first year of Southern Song Dynasty (A.D. 1 165), Dingzhou was promoted to Changde House. In Yuan Dynasty, Changde House and Liyang Zhou Jun were changed to Changde Road and Liyang Road, respectively, which were under the jurisdiction of Huguanghang Province and Zhongshu Province. Changde House was restored in the early Ming Dynasty, and Liyang Road was changed to Liyang House, both of which belonged to Huguang Chief Secretary and were placed under Shangjing South Road. In the ninth year of Hongwu (AD 1376), Liyang House was reduced to Lizhou. In the seventh year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1729), Lizhou was promoted to Zhili. In Qing Dynasty, Changde House and Zhili Lizhou belonged to Yue Chang Li Dao. By the end of Qing Dynasty, Changde had jurisdiction over Wuling, Taoyuan, Longyang and Yuanjiang counties. Zhili Prefecture governs Shimen, Cili, Anxiang, Anfu and Yongding counties.
19 14, Hunan provincial government abolished the government, department and state, and kept the "Dao". Yue Chang Li Dao was changed to Wuling Dao, and the original Changde Fu and Zhili Lizhou counties were directly under the jurisdiction of Wuling Dao, which ruled Changde. In A.D. 1922, Hunan Province abolished the "Dao" system, leaving only the provincial and county levels, and Changde counties were directly under the jurisdiction of the province. In A.D. 1935, the National Government set up Xiangxi appeasement office in Yuanling County, and divided 19 County into five administrative supervision areas, with administrative inspectors, who also served as resident county heads. In A.D. 1936, the National Government formally established the Commissioner's Office, and Shimen, Linli and Lixian were divided into two districts. In A.D. 1937, administrative supervision districts were generally established in Hunan Province. The second district governed Changde, Huarong, Nanxian, Anxiang, Yuanjiang, Hanshou, Lixian, Linli, Shimen, Cili, Taoyuan, etc. 1 1 counties, and the Commissioner's Office was moved from Cili County to Changde County. In 29 years, Hunan Province adjusted its administrative divisions, and the second administrative supervision area was changed to fourth area. 1938165438+10, fourth area was moved from Changde to Lixian county, and the Commissioner's Office of the Fourth Administrative Supervision District was also called Changli District Commissioner.
From mid-July to early August, 1949, the counties in the fourth administrative supervision area were liberated one after another. On August 4th, Changli Administrative Office and all its staff arrived in Changde City. Changli Department is an agency of Hunan Provincial People's Government, which governs Changde, Huarong, Nanxian, Anxiang, Lixian, Linli, Cili and Taoyuan. The county people's governments were established in mid-August, and the people's governments of Changde City and Tianjin City were established on August 5 and August 15 respectively. On August 28th, Changli District was renamed as "Changde District Administrative Office of Hunan Provincial People's Government".