-Wang Anshi's On the River
How about Wutou Chuwei Road? Autumn is foggy and rainy, and Bai Bo is in darkness.
Crossing the river in the cold wave at night, the forest is full of Yan Huang.
-Wang Shizhen's On the River
Wang Anshi and Wang Shizhen were two famous poets and scholars in ancient China. Wang Anshi was a famous reformer and writer in the Song Dynasty. He was not only famous for his poems, but also one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties", and people were familiar with him. Here, I want to focus on Wang Shizhen. Wang Shizhen was born in a.d. 1634 to a.d.171year. His real name was Ruan Ting and Yu Yangshan, and he was a native of Shandong New City (now Huantai County, Shandong Province). He was very good at writing poems when he was young, and he was quite famous at that time. He gradually became a famous literary leader in the Qing Dynasty. In poetry creation, he is as famous as Zhu Yizun, and is called "the king of southern Zhu and northern Zhu". He advocates that poetry creation should pay attention to artistic conception, and thinks that only those poems with long lasting appeal, ingenious conception and exquisite brushwork are excellent works. This has played a far-reaching role in reversing the blindly archaized poetic style at that time. His poems are fluent, skillful and artistic. Just like his poem "Under the Mountain of Rattan Flowers", "Long Mai is rugged and blue, and it is windy and autumn under the Mountain of Rattan Flowers. For a while, the rain and rainbow are exhausted, and a hundred springs flow in the stream. " The pictures of life in the mountain village in late autumn are colorful, fresh and pleasant, catchy to read and vivid, giving people a very comfortable and pleasant feeling. www.findart.com.cn
Two poems on the river with the same theme pay great attention to the unique scenery on the river, capture the specific seasonal characteristics of "autumn" from the perspective of vision and hearing, and describe the autumn colors on the river, leaving a deep impression on people. Look at Wang Anshi's poems first. The river is boundless, and the banks are full of red flowers. In autumn, the west wind blows hard, the water ripples constantly, and the river flowers gradually wither and take off their red makeup. The sound of flutes from boats on the shore or on the water also makes the scenery full of autumn and reminds people of missing. The flowers on the river, the flute in the west wind and the unique scenery in these seasons constitute a colorful and distinctive Autumn on the River. Look at Wang Shizhen's poems again. In late autumn in Bai Bo, the river is choppy, misty and rainy, and the sky is dark, and the river suddenly feels heavy. The rolling river is cold in late autumn, cold and water-cooled, and the Wu Chu area is full of autumn. The mountains on both sides were infected by autumn, and the leaves were dyed golden yellow by autumn frost. Golden leaves are floating in the wind, scattered on the slopes of autumn mountains and floating on autumn waters. In the Woods and the sky, a line of geese return to the south, and the sound of geese haunts the sky and people's minds from time to time. Poets describe the scenery from different angles: the sky is full of wild geese, rivers and Bai Bo are surging, all directions are misty and rainy, the ground and leaves rustle, and the charm of autumn is strong and full in many aspects, which has produced a strong artistic atmosphere and effect. www.findart.com.cn
Although the two poems on the River deliberately describe the autumn on the river, the standpoint of poetry creation is not the same. After reading the two poems carefully, we can easily find that Wang Shizhen's poems focus on artistic conception, while Wang Anshi's poems express personal feelings of parting through autumn scenery's description. Wang Shizhen's poem "On the River", in one or two sentences, gives people the feeling that it is very far away: the place where Wu Chu and China met in the Spring and Autumn Period-the Chu tail of Aconitum, in today's northwest Jiangxi, has a vast territory, mountains and rivers meet, misty rain, and Jiang Tao flows. The poet appreciates this scene very much, which shows that he is open-minded and cheerful. In three or four sentences, it not only explains the time and environment of crossing the river, but also describes it at will, outlining a picture of Qiu Jiang composed of cold wave, Shan Ye, geese and yellow leaves, which is concise and refined. The artistic conception of Qiu Jiang's late crossing is refreshing, refined and elegant, and the enlightenment of long beard and white shirt is beyond the vast smoke and waves, giving people a clear and profound impression. Wang Anshi's poem On the River describes the scenery in one or two sentences. Its purpose is not to reproduce autumn sounds and colors for readers, but to compare feelings with scenery in a comparative way: the hunting west wind brings autumn news, which makes people sad, and the endless river makes people feel suddenly. Flowers in late autumn, that's countless, and it makes people unhappy ... these scenery. In three or four sentences, the theme stands out very clearly: "Divorce is being blown by the flute, blowing through chaotic Shandong." The particular season and scenery touched the poet's feelings of parting: did he feel homesick and lonely, or did his relatives wander outside, and the times were turbulent, which aroused his family's love? The whole poem is based on the scenery, and the feelings are born from the scenery, and the scenery is integrated into one, which is profound and gives people profound poetry. www.findart.com.cn
The scenery of the great river is the favorite of ancient poets, and there are many exquisite works. Bai Juyi, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, once described the scenery on the river like this: "A setting sun is sprinkled in the water, and the river is half rustling and half red." Cherish the third night of September, dew is like a real pearl, bow is like a real bow. "In the chronological order, the poet accurately reproduces the beautiful picture of nature from dusk to nightfall, allowing readers and authors to dance together and love nature. Sailing in Shuikou by Zhu in the Southern Song Dynasty is an impromptu poem describing boating on the river in summer: "It rained on the boat last night. How about crossing the river on a stormy night?" "At present, the test paper is lonely, and there are still many green mountains and trees." The poet first wrote about boating in the rain at night, and he didn't care about the wind and waves in a daze; Then I wrote that it rained in the morning and lived on a boat. When I rolled up my tent and looked far away, I saw green trees and green mountains. This poem is fresh and fragrant, refreshing to read and memorable. Tang Xianzu, a dramatist in the Ming Dynasty, wrote "Moonlit Night in Qiu Jiang" in Jiangsu: "Qiu Jiang is lonely, like a waning moon reflecting on Lin Wei. The sparkling waterfowl is still shocked, and the cold firefly is wet and does not fly. " Poets write from underground to heaven, and from heaven back to underground. Through fishing, Woods, birds and wet fireflies, he created a mysterious and quiet atmosphere, expressed his passionate love for beauty and nature, and made people feel his noble character of being aloof from the world and unwilling to associate with the world. In the Qing Dynasty, Fu Angxiao's Travels on the Riverside depicts a nocturnal map of Qiu Jiang: "White clouds and bright moons are rippling, and autumn sounds from the sky fall on the far beach. Yanziji starts in the middle of the night, and the stars are cold every day. " Above the picture are white clouds, blue sky, Leng Yue and stars. Below the painting is a river of autumn water, a boat on the water, a poet on the boat, and the reflection of clouds, stars and moon in the river. Reading his poems makes people feel immersed in the artistic atmosphere. Compared with the above poems, Poems on the River by Wang Anshi and Wang Shizhen are not only artistic, but also skillful in artistic skills. Wang Anshi's "On the River" describes the wind blowing water with the word "overflow", while Wang Shizhen's "On the River" describes the river waves in late autumn with the word "darkness". These words can be called "poetic eyes" and also reflect the poet's deep efforts in tempering words. www.findart.com.cn