As early as 1965, icosahedral C60H60 was considered as a possible topological structure. In 1960s, scientists became interested in non-planar aromatic structures, and soon they merged into bowl-shaped molecules Corannulene. When Japanese scientist Hideyoshi Ozawa was playing football with his son, it occurred to him that there might be a molecule composed of sp hybrid carbon atoms, such as the spherical structure of a * * * yoke where several bowls of olefins are put together to realize three-dimensional aromaticity. He began to study this spherical molecule, and soon he came to the conclusion that this structure can be obtained by cutting off the vertex angle of an icosahedron, and called it truncated icosahedron, just like the patchwork structure of football; He also predicted the existence of CnHn molecules. Although osawa predicted the existence of C60 molecule in 1970, unfortunately, due to the language barrier, his two articles published in Japanese did not attract people's general attention, and osawa himself did not continue to study this molecule, so that the discovery of C60 occurred after 15.

In 1970, R. W. Henson designed the molecular structure of C60 and made a model with paper. However, the evidence of this new form of carbon is very weak, including his colleagues. So this result was not published, but it was confirmed by carbon in 1999. The first spectral evidence of fullerenes was discovered in 1984 by Rohlfing, Cox and Kldor of Daniel F. Akerson Laboratory in New Jersey, USA. At that time, they used the laser vaporization cluster beam generator designed by Richard smalley of Rice University to vaporize graphite by laser, and found a series of Cn(n=3, 4, 5, = 10), among which the peaks of C60 and C70, which are close to each other, are the strongest, but unfortunately, they did not do further research to explore the significance of this strong peak. 1985, British chemist Dr. Harold Walter Clouseau and American Rice University scientists Richard smalley, James R. Heath, Sean Obryan and Robert Curl made a carbon cluster structure molecule C60 composed of 60 carbons for the first time in the experiment of evaporating graphite by laser in helium flow. The main discoverer of fullerene was inspired by the spherical dome thin shell architecture designed by Canadian Montreal architect Buckminster Fuller. They think that C60 may have a spherical structure, so they call it Buckminster fullerene for short. For this reason, Closso, Cole and smalley won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry with 1996. Before 1990, the research on fullerenes mainly focused on theoretical research, because there were not enough fullerenes for experiments. Until 1990, Donald Hoffman, Kraze Kr? Tschmer) and Konstantinos Fostiropoulos reported a large number of methods for synthesizing C60 for the first time, which enabled a lot of research on C60. The purification of fullerenes is a challenge for chemists, and it also determines the price of fullerenes to a great extent. Endohedral fullerenes means that in the process of producing fullerenes, ions or small molecules are filled into carbon cages. The chemical reaction of fullerenes is very special, such as the Binger reaction discovered by 1993. Carbon nanotubes were found in 199 1.

Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum of C60 in toluene solution. Concentration: 0.052 mmol/L Testing instrument: JASCO V570. 197 1 year, osawa Xiuji published the book Aromaticity, which described the thought of C60 molecules.

1980, when analyzing the transmission electron microscope image of carbon film, Iijima Masao found concentric circles, just like cutting onions. This is the first electron microscope image of C60. 1983, absorption peaks of 2 15nm and 265nm were found in the ultraviolet-visible spectrum of carbon ash produced by Closso evaporation graphite rod, which they called "hump"; Later, they concluded that it was produced by fullerenes.

1984, the first spectral evidence of fullerene was discovered by Luo Fen et al. in Daniel F. Akerson Laboratory, New Jersey, USA, but they did not think that it was produced by C60 and other clusters.

1985, British chemist Dr. Harold Walter Clouseau and American scientist Richard smalley made a carbon atom cluster molecule C60 composed of 60 carbons for the first time in the experiment of vaporizing graphite by laser evaporation in helium flow, and speculated that the cluster was spherical.

1990, Kriischmer and others reported a large number of methods to synthesize C60 for the first time, which enabled a lot of research on C60.

199 1 year, Joel Hawkins of UCLA got the first crystal structure of fullerene derivatives, which showed that the structure of fullerene was accurately determined.

In 1995, Fred Wudl prepared open-celled fullerenes. And PCBM was also prepared by him for the first time.

From 65438 to 0996, Robert Cole (USA), Harold Walter Clouseau (UK) and Richard smalley (USA) won the Nobel Prize for the discovery of fullerenes.

20 13 In March, Professor Yang Shangfeng from the School of Chemistry and Materials Science of the University of Science and Technology of China and the research team of Hefei National Laboratory of Microscale Materials Science cooperated with Professor Lu Xing from the School of Materials Science and Engineering of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Professor Chen from the University of Puerto Rico in the United States and Professor Akasaka Takeshi from Tsukuba University in Japan to discover, isolate and characterize a new fullerene, which changed the recognized understanding of fullerene embedded structure in the academic circle for more than 20 years.

From 2065438 to March 2005, Professor Yang Shangfeng's research group successfully synthesized, separated and characterized an inclusion fullerene with a new structure, which has been regarded as "inseparable" for more than ten years. This discovery fills a gap in the research field of inclusion fullerenes, and proves the possibility of separating a new fullerene with low stability by experiments. The research results were published in the Journal of American Chemical Society, an important international chemical journal. The reviewer thinks that the article has made important progress in fullerene chemistry "; This work marks a great progress in the field of metallofullerene science ... it is a great work. "There are many fullerene elements in popular culture, which appeared before scientists paid attention to them. In New Scientist magazine, there used to be a column called Daedalus, written by david jones every week, describing all kinds of interesting but hard-to-achieve science and technology. In 1966, he proposed that a hollow carbon sphere molecule can be obtained by twisting a flat hexagonal network by doping heteroatoms.

20 10 On September 4th, Google's homepage changed the second O in Google's pattern into a rotating C60 fullerene to celebrate the 25th anniversary of the discovery of fullerene.