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The Historical Evolution of Jiangsu Province
Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties

Jiangsu belongs to different tribes and vassal States. The Xia Dynasty belonged to Xuzhou and Yangzhou in Kyushu.

From the late Shang Dynasty to the Western Zhou Dynasty, two vassal states, Xu and Wu, appeared.

the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period

The Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC) belonged to Qi, Lu, Song, Wu, Chu and other countries.

Qin and Han dynasties

The Qin Dynasty implemented the county system, with Huiji County in the south of the Yangtze River and Donghai County and Surabaya County in the north.

In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, counties and countries were in parallel, and Jiangsu Province successively belonged to Chu, Jing, Wu, Guangling, Surabaya and other counties, including Huiji, Danyang, Donghai, Linhuai, Langxie and Pei. In the fifth year of Yonghe in the Eastern Han Dynasty (140), it was a province of Yangzhou in the south of the Yangtze River and Xuzhou in the north.

Three Kingdoms to Southern and Northern Dynasties

During the tripartite confrontation, the three countries belonged to Sun Wu and Cao Wei.

At the beginning of the founding of the Western Jin Dynasty, Jiangnan belonged to Yangzhou and Jiangbei belonged to Xuzhou. During the Eastern Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties, Jiangsu Province was generally bounded by the Huaihe River, belonging to the Southern Dynasties in the south and the Northern Dynasties in the north. During the period from Yongjia of Emperor Huai of Jin Dynasty to Yuanjia of Song Dynasty (307 ~ 453), immigrants moved south, among which Jiangsu Province received the most immigrants, most of them concentrated in Nanjing, Zhenjiang, Changzhou and other places, and Yangzhou and Huaiyin were the main areas in northern Jiangsu. Sun Wu of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and Song, Qi, Liang and Chen Dou of the Southern Dynasties established their capitals in Nanjing.

Sui and Tang Dynasties

After the Sui Dynasty unified China, its territory was divided into Suzhou, Changzhou, Jiangzhou (now Nanjing), Runzhou (now Zhenjiang), Yangzhou, Zhoufang (now Liuhe), Chuzhou (now Huai 'an District), Pizhou, Sizhou, Haizhou and Xuzhou.

China was divided into ten roads in Tang Dynasty, and Jiangsu belonged to Henan Road, Huainan Road and Jiangnan East Road.

During the Five Dynasties (907 ~ 960), Xuzhou in Huaibei belonged to Liang, Tang, Jin, Han and Zhou successively, Suzhou in the south of the Yangtze River belonged to Wu, and the other states belonged to Yangwu and Nantang successively.

Song and Yuan Dynasties

The first year of Zhenghe in the Northern Song Dynasty (11) belonged to Jiangnan East Road, Liangzhe Road, Huainan East Road, JD.COM East Road and Jingdong West Road. Song Dynasty crossed south, and Song and Jin confronted each other. The Jin Dynasty held Huaibei, and the Southern Song Dynasty held Jiangnan and Huainan.

The Yuan Dynasty implemented the provincial system, and Jiangsu successively belonged to Jianghuai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Henan provinces.

After the Jingkang Rebellion, from the first year of Jingkang to the eleventh year of Shaoxing (1126 ~11year), northerners moved south with the largest number of people, just over ten years. "People from Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hunan, Fujian and Guangxi live in the northwest." In the eleventh year of Shaoxing, Shaoxing reached a peace treaty, which stipulated that the Southern Song Dynasty could not accept Jin Dynasty "refugees", and the wave of southward migration began to fade.

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The capital of the early Ming Dynasty should be Tianfu (now Nanjing), which has been called Nanjing and Shi Jing in Jiangsu Province. After Emperor Chengzu moved to Beijing in the Ming Dynasty, Beijing was renamed Nanjing, which was then in charge of today's Jiangsu, Anhui and Shanghai. Because compared with North Zhili, it is called South Zhili, and Nanjing is the capital of Ming Dynasty. Jiangning and Shangyuan were ruled by Tianfu (in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province) in the Ming Dynasty. Jurisdiction: Jiangning (county governs southeast Nanjing), Shangyuan (county governs northwest Nanjing), Jurong (county governs jurong city, Jiangsu), Lishui (county governs Lishui District, Nanjing), Gaochun (county governs Gaochun District, Nanjing), Jiangpu (county governs Pukou District, Nanjing) and Liuhe (county governs Liuhe District, Nanjing).

In the fourth year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (137 1), there were 146203 households and 60 1598 people in Wuxian and Changzhou counties. Hongwu nine years (1376), there are 148035 households. In the 13th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1386), Zhongshu Province was closed, and Suzhou Prefecture was under the jurisdiction of the Sixth Division of Nanzhili (Nanjing). In the 19th year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (142 1), the Ming Dynasty moved its capital to Beijing, Suzhou Prefecture was under the jurisdiction of the sixth branch of Nanjing Zhili (referred to as Nanzhili for short), and Wu and Changzhou counties were under the jurisdiction of Suzhou Prefecture. In the fifth year of Chongzhen (1632), there were 100969 households in Wuxian.

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In the early Qing Dynasty, Nanming was destroyed, Nanjing was abolished, and jiangnan province was established in the original jurisdiction of Nanjing. In the sixth year of Kangxi (1667), jiangnan province was divided into Jiangsu (including Shanghai) and Anhui provinces. Jiangsu Province (the governor's office in Suzhou) governs jiangning house (now Nanjing), Suzhou, Xuzhou, Changzhou, Zhenjiang, Songjiang (now Shanghai), Yangzhou and Huai 'an. The Governor's Office of Liangjiang is in Nanjing, and the Governor's Office of Jiangsu is in Suzhou. This is the beginning of Jiangsu province, named after Jiangning and Suzhou, referred to as "Su".

By the end of Qing Dynasty, Jiangsu Province had jurisdiction over 8 states and 3 states 1 Zhili Hall. During this period, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom established Nanjing as its capital from the third year of Xianfeng to the third year of Tongzhi (1853 ~ 1864), and established Tianjing, Pu Tian and Sufu provinces in China briefly.

After the Opium War, Jiangsu began to be influenced by the West. Shanghai County is a county under the jurisdiction of Songjiang Prefecture, Jiangsu Province. According to the treaty of nanking, it was turned into a trading port. The Shanghai Public Concession and the Shanghai French Concession were established one after another, which quickly developed into a metropolis of trade, finance and internationalization. Later, in the Republic of China, Yu 16 (1927) became independent from Jiangsu Province and became an independent city. Zhenjiang and Suzhou also set up smaller concessions.

Republic of China (19 12- 1949)

In the first year of the Republic of China (19 12), the provisional government of the Republic of China was established in Nanjing.

In the Republic of China 16 (1927), Nanjing was the capital of the National Government, Jiangning County set up Nanjing Special City, Shanghai County and Baoshan County set up Shanghai Special City, and Jiangsu Province was separated and directly under the Executive Yuan of the National Government, which was called the city under the jurisdiction of the hospital.

From 17 (1928) to 1949, Zhenjiang became the capital of Jiangsu Province. The system in Jiangsu Province continued until after the Republic of China. During the period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the New Fourth Army under the leadership of China's * * * Production Party established an anti-Japanese democratic government in northern Jiangsu, and initiated and led the people to carry out the great War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.

People's Republic of China (PRC)

1949 On April 23rd, China People's Liberation Army crossed the river and Nanjing was liberated. 1June, 949, the whole territory of Jiangsu was liberated, and three provincial administrative regions, namely, northern Jiangsu, southern Jiangsu and Nanjing, were established.

1952, in order to better manage Hongze Lake, Xuyi County and Sihong County of Anhui Province were placed under Jiangsu. In exchange, Xiaoxian County and Dangshan County were included in Anhui Province.

1953 65438+ 10, the three provinces merged and the organizational system of Jiangsu province was restored. Nanjing has been reduced to a provincial city, and its capital is located in Nanjing.

1955 In February, the second session of the First People's Congress of Jiangsu Province elected the People's Committee of Jiangsu Province consisting of 47 members, which replaced the former People's Government of Jiangsu Province.

1March 1958 to1June 1959, nine counties in Songjiang District of Jiangsu Province (Jiading, Baoshan, Shanghai, Songjiang, Jinshan, Chuansha, Nanhui, Fengxian and Qingpu) and Chongming County of Nantong were successively placed under the jurisdiction of Shanghai, and Songjiang District was revoked. Since then, the area of Shanghai has expanded by 10 times.

1966 1 month, Jiangsu Provincial People's Committee was interrupted. 1980 1, Jiangsu Provincial People's Government officially resumed its office.

1983, Jiangsu implemented the system of city governing counties, and established six prefecture-level cities: Nanjing, Wuxi, Xuzhou, Changzhou, Suzhou, Nantong, Lianyungang, Huaiyin (renamed Huai 'an 5438+0 in 2006), Yancheng, Yangzhou and Zhenjiang.

1996, Taizhou and Suqian were added.