Regular script began to appear in Wei and Jin Dynasties, and it was found in inscriptions in the Southern and Northern Dynasties (4th-6th century), and gradually increased in Sui and Tang Dynasties, which was quite common among the people and was called "vulgar characters".
Chinese characters are constantly changing. Complementarity of simplicity and complexity is the evolution law of Chinese characters. Today, the oldest Chinese character we know is Oracle Bone Inscriptions, whose strokes are the simplest, but the total amount is too small. Therefore, in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, inscriptions on bronze were divided into many words. The seal script of the Qin Dynasty was more complicated than the characters of the six countries, and the subsequent official reform was more thorough than today's simplified characters, which also created a precedent for Chinese characters to distinguish radicals.
One simplified Chinese character and two simplified Chinese characters mainly come from ancient Chinese characters, common Chinese characters, variant Chinese characters, cursive characters and liberation characters. There are also some simplified characters that were first seen after the liberation of Chinese characters (1949- 1966), such as the Tibetan simplified character "?" )
The first simplified word list was published in August, 1935, and was withdrawn in February of the following year.
1in July, 950, Wu conveyed the instructions that the reform of Chinese characters should first simplify Chinese characters and not be divorced from reality and cut off history.
1952, Chiang Kai-shek revisited simplified characters, but ended in vain.
1954 China writing reform Committee was established. ?
1956 "Simplified Chinese Characters Scheme" was adopted. ?
1960, the Cultural Reform Commission issued the Notice on Soliciting New Simplified Chinese Characters, and the second simplification of Chinese characters officially began. 1966 When the Cultural Revolution broke out, the Second Construction was forced to be interrupted. 197 1 After the plane crash in Lin Biao, the domestic order improved. The following year, the Chinese Academy of Sciences established the Office of Text Reform, and the two slips were restored.
1973 Premier Zhou said: Chinese characters are not simplified enough and need to be further simplified. The draft 1975 was submitted by the Cultural Reform Commission and forcibly detained by the Gang of Four. Later, Premier Zhou personally questioned the case despite his illness, and pointed out the importance of adding simplified characters and simplifying radicals.
1977 In February, the Cultural Reform Commission published an article criticizing the Gang of Four for sabotaging the reform of Chinese characters. On February 20th, 19865438, the draft was published to solicit opinions from the society. On the second day, People's Daily began to try out simplified characters, and in June 198 1, the Cultural Reform Commission drew up 65438+ with reference to opinions from all walks of life in the country. 1988, the State Language Committee published the List of Commonly Used Words in Modern Chinese, and two simplified words "dun" were listed impressively, but the official did not give any explanation.
The Law on Chinese Characters was passed on June 5438+1October 3 1, 2000, and was formally implemented on New Year's Day of the following year, establishing the legal status of standardizing Chinese characters as a national common language.
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Whether as a carrier of civilization or as an expression tool, the evolution from traditional Chinese characters to simplified Chinese characters is only a change in the form and appearance of carriers and tools, and will not damage or reduce the connotation of civilization.
People in some areas and some overseas compatriots still use traditional Chinese characters; Scholars who study philology and some calligraphy lovers also have a deep cultural complex for traditional Chinese characters.
However, this does not mean that traditional Chinese characters and simplified Chinese characters are "positive" or "partial". For most people in China, simplified characters have become a skilled tool for daily communication. Older people may also know some traditional Chinese characters. Most people born after the 1960 s don't know traditional Chinese characters, and no one feels abnormal.
Traditional Chinese characters are just the past forms of simplified Chinese characters. As far as font form is concerned, traditional Chinese characters do carry some cultural elements that simplified Chinese characters don't have. However, from Oracle Bone Inscriptions to Jinwen, the evolution and evolution of Chinese characters always inevitably lose some good things in the sense of philology and history, and so do traditional Chinese characters and simplified Chinese characters.
But from another perspective, simplified Chinese characters also carry cultural elements that traditional Chinese characters do not have. In essence and function, both traditional Chinese characters and simplified Chinese characters belong to interpersonal and social communication tools and are carriers of culture and civilization. Both simplified and traditional Chinese characters can inherit Chinese civilization.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Simplified Chinese Characters