Dayuan court pardoned me many times, and I am grateful to the court. If I followed Lu Zhonglian's example and died in the East China Sea, I would be a subject of Dayuan now. Zhuangzi said: "Call me a horse, and I will respond to it with a horse; Call me Niu, and I will respond to them with Niu. "Everyone calls me an escapist in the Song Dynasty, or I can. Say that I am the subject of Dayuan's passive laziness, or you can; In the Song Dynasty, I can be called a unruly person, and in Dayuan, I can be called a hermit. Whether it is a wheel or a projectile, it is fate; Be a worm limb or a rat heart, look at the sky. If I am greedy for power and don't want to be an official, even if the court is kind and tolerant, heaven and earth are tolerant, and I can't bear to be executed, how can I face the court of Dayuan?
I am enjoying the gift of the sacred court with every grass and tree in the world. I was called a good scholar when I was alive. After my death, I set up a monument on the roadside to commemorate it, which read "The Tomb of Xie Mou in Chu Shi in Song Dynasty". Even if I died, it would be like I was born. Gratitude, a gift from heaven! Sima Qian said: "Everyone will die, some people die more than Mount Tai, and some people die less than a feather." Grandparents extended the meaning of this sentence and said, "It is easier to die generously than to die calmly." You can also use these to understand my heart.
2. Read the classical Chinese "Pan Chun", the word perilla, who is also from Luzhou, and answer 4 "Pan Chun Chuan"
Xu Xian
Pan Chun is a native of Luzhou. There are few talents. A visit to the capital was postponed for a while by literary scholars and your family. At every banquet, it is said that "Pan Jun is not here, which is unpleasant." Hearing this, they all went out to meet them, laughing and laughing, one leaning against the other. Taste divination and satirize the present era. At the beginning of his speech, he said, "If you go out, you will never be accused." . It says, "Being knighted by a knight is not expensive." Or reach Emperor Wenzong and want to rule it. When you wander between rivers and lakes, you will be able to explain your affairs to a funny person.
As guests living in the south of the Yangtze River, all the officials and tourists who value the capital are far away from their homeland, such as Wu Gong, Lian Gongliang, Zhuang Shuji, Gan, Wu, Zhen, Du Gongde and Lu Gongzhi. Therefore, they exchanged views with each other and gained great reputation. And Jiangnan's surname, Mu Jun, is even more imposing. So his wife lives in Wu Dong. She likes to sing with all the nobles every day. The syllables of the poem are delicate and beautiful, which is hard for the text.
During their stay in Renchen, Zheng Zheng, the soldiers began to fight against things. Cao Gongde, the Duke of Huainan, told Shangguan as you said, so that people can have books and money to join the army and find a job, but you can't. Thanks to those who sent envoys and moved home to escape Vietnam. At that time, Qiu Gao Gong was an ancient scholar, and set up a platform in Huiji, taking Jun as the guest and consulting with the staff. The doctor's son, Ann, was sentenced by the Privy Council to be in charge of the soldiers. Rely on yourself as a father and a guest, use peace of mind as a doctor, and call for persuasion. Angong was afraid, so he turned to the law and equipment, and the officials of the Ministry returned to Wu Jun. He killed him in the middle of Xiaoshan Road to control violence with violence. His son walked among the valleys, stole his body and hid it in Betty Wong's grave. The monk was invited to the valley and buried the tomb of King Yue in the West Lake. The doctor didn't know.
On Yue: Can disasters be avoided? With Guo Pu's wisdom, it is inevitable, and disaster is inevitable. Is it inevitable? There are ways to avoid Confucius' anonymity. You must also try your best to avoid it, and then leave it to fate, so you can say your life. What is the reason why you try to avoid the land, leave everything and die? You know how to avoid his body, but you don't know how to avoid his words Can you kill yourself alone? Seeing the mountain is imminent, and the curse is coming. Yesterday, Ma Yuan was old and suspicious, and Song Liang hated his father. It's just an unintentional mistake to say that "words must be kept, actions must be fruitful"! (Historical Records Exhibition Biography)
Translation:
Pan Chun, a native of Luzhou. He had outstanding talent when he was young. He went to Beijing to study. At that time, people who like to write academic articles and the families of rich officials competed to invite him home. Every time a banquet is gathered, someone always says, "Mr. Pan is not here, which makes us unhappy"; When I heard that he had arrived, everyone rushed out to meet him before putting on their shoes. When he was talking and laughing, the room was crowded with people. He once wrote the book Gua to satirize the society at that time. At the beginning of the book, between the lines, it says, "Go out to see the emperor, and there will be no disaster." The top of this sentence says: "It is not worthy of honor to get an official title because you met the emperor." Someone reported this sentence to Emperor Wenzong and wanted to arrest him for treatment. In the process of escaping from the Jianghu, he met a man who used the story of the emperor to get rid of the trouble of a humorous person, and his story was put down.
Pan Chun lived in the south of the Yangtze River because of this incident, which coincided with Mr. Wu, a Pingzhang official who was studying in Beijing with him, Mr. Lian Liang, a scholar, Mr. Qing Da, Mr. Shan, Mr. Gan Kezhuang, Mr. Wu, Mr. Wang and Mr. Lu Zhidao, who were all officials with the power of life and death granted by the emperor. Pan Chun is very famous among them. So many families in the south of the Yangtze River are envious of his imposing manner. As soon as they hear his news, they go to see him immediately. At this time, he lives in Soochow with his wife and children, and enjoys drinking and reciting poems with dignitaries every day. His poems are exquisite in syllables and flowery in words, and no Chinese poem can surpass him.
During the Yuan and Renchen Dynasties, Huaidong and Huaixi rebelled. Cao Dezhao, the duke of Huainan, reported to his superiors and recruited him to join the army with letters of appointment and gifts. Considering that this was impossible, Mr. Pan refused the envoy and moved to the other side of the country. At that time, Mr. Gao served as an ancient consultant, and his official position was in Huiji. He treated Pan Chun as a guest and let him participate in the formulation of major decisions. Gao an, the son of the physician, served as the judge of the Privy Council and took charge of the military power. Pan Chun, relying on himself as a guest of Gao 'an's father, told the censor about Gao 'an's (irregular) behavior, and the censor called his son to reprimand him. Gao an was angry and afraid, slandered Pan Chun, arrested him according to law, tied him to the yamen, and sent him back to Wu Jun. They stayed on the way to Xiaoshan, but Gao an dragged him out and killed him, thinking that he died of a sudden illness. Pan Chun's son Pangu escaped quietly, stole Pan Chun's body and hid it in Betty Wong's tomb in Huiji. A venerable monk asked Pangu to bury Pan Chun next to Betty Wong's tomb in the West Lake. Mr. Gao, an ancient counselor, didn't know about it.
(Author) Comment: Can disasters be avoided? With Guo Pu's high IQ, it is inevitable, and so is disaster. Is it really inevitable? Confucius escaped from the state of Song in the clothes of ordinary people. There are ways to avoid disaster. We must try our best to choose the way to avoid disaster, and then listen to God's arrangement, so that we can talk about fate. Pan Chun once asked me to go out of the city to avoid disaster, but I stayed and was saved. He ran out and was killed. What is the reason? Pan Chun knows that he can avoid disaster for his body, but he doesn't know that he can avoid disaster for himself. Where can a soldier die with only one disaster? You can see the mountains every day but you can't see what's in front of you, and disaster comes from this. Ma Yuan used to be an old friend, which aroused Liu Xiu's suspicion. Song Liang slandered his father-in-law's guests out of personal resentment. The Book of Changes says, "Words and deeds are the key to gentlemanly manners." Can you be sloppy?
3. The translation of the ancient prose "Poor and Backward", whether poetry or article, has no long history of poverty, and his works will never reach the extraordinary realm. Qu Yuan was suffering, but Li Sao became a classic. Du Fu was poor and worried about his country and people, but his poems were brilliant in ancient and modern times. Han Yu once prayed for food to survive, but he broke the situation of "eight generations of decline in articles" and the cultivation of articles reached a superb level. Meng Jiao had the experience of land reclamation, and Jia Dao was extremely poor without rice. But their poems are clean and carefree, and their feelings are lofty, which is absolutely beyond the reach of ordinary people. This is not unreasonable.
Jiang, a Taoist priest in Baishi, saw his face at first sight and even worried that he could not bear the weight of his clothes. However, his pen is strong enough to carry a giant tripod of 10,000 kilograms. There is no place to stand at home, but there are diners at every meal. The knowledge hidden in the heart is infinite. His broad mind embodies the character and freedom of the literati in Jin and Song Dynasties. Whether it is rhyming or using words, we don't expect profound artistic conception, but it is naturally profound. Jing wong said, "God didn't defile Jiang Kui with wealth, but let his talent shine in eternity." Just in line with the previous discussion.
The reader's temporary poverty is not enough to worry about, but the lack of knowledge and understanding of truth is really worth worrying about!
4. Read the following classical Chinese and complete11.a2.b3.b4.d5.c6.b7.c8. (1). However, people at that time, whether smart or stupid, had to ask May Yu Sheng for advice when talking about poetry.
Although I know May Yu Sheng very well, I didn't recommend him in the end. (3) I have written an epitaph for him with tears, so I asked his family for it (the old draft).
(4) Why do you still regard it as a poor man's poem when you are old and frustrated? I like my job, but I don't know how long I have been poor. I am getting old, so I don't hesitate! 1, poor: sleepy 2, ① However, turning conjunctions; (2) Moreover, the coordinate conjunction (3) should be "Mei" (4), and (3) write how Mei is an official; ④ It is the characteristic of Mei Yu Sheng Wenfeng; 6. the author's evaluation 5. This is not the author's writing intention. 6. "Poverty" here mainly refers to the difficulties in official career, but according to the context, there is no limit. 7. This should reflect the achievements of Mei's poetry from the side, and the world is not amazed by Mei's poetic talent.
8. I have heard the world often say that the poet's career is not so prosperous and there are more difficulties. Is that really the case? Probably because most of the poems handed down in the world were written by ancient people in distress.
Most of the literati who hide their talents but can't fully display them in the world like to indulge in wild fun at the water's edge in Shan Ye. When they see insects, fish, vegetation, clouds, birds and animals, they often explore their strangeness and strangeness. There is a sense of depression in their hearts, and these emotions are transformed into poetry, that is, relying on resentment and irony, expressing the lament of the widow who pursues the minister and writing the feelings that people can't express. The harder you are, the more skilled you are at writing.
From this point of view, it is not writing poetry that makes people embarrassed, but writing good poetry after encountering trouble. My friend Mei, who became a junior official because of her shady job when she was young, was recommended to take the Jinshi exam many times, but she was always suppressed by the examiner's office and spent more than ten years in the local area.
I'm 50 years old, and I have to rely on others to send me a letter of appointment as a clerk. I am trapped in my talent and wisdom, and I can't fully display it in my career.
My hometown is Wanling, and I studied poetry as a child. Writing poems from an early age surprised the elders. When I grew up, I learned the knowledge of the six classics of benevolence and righteousness. The article is simple and pure, and I don't want to please the world. The world only knows that he can write poems.
However, at that time, whether people were smart or stupid, it was inevitable to ask Yu Sheng for advice when talking about poetry. Yu Sheng also likes to vent his frustration through poetry, so he usually writes many poems.
The society has known him, but no one recommended him to the court. Once upon a time, Wang once saw his poems and sighed, "There have been no such works for two hundred years!" " Although I know him well, I still didn't recommend him.
If he was lucky enough to be appointed by the imperial court, wouldn't it be magnificent to write works like Ya and Song in the Book of Songs to praise the great achievements of the Song Dynasty and dedicate them to the ancestral temple, so that he could be compared with the authors such as Shang Yang, Zhu Xi and Zhu Xi? It's a pity that he is too old to succeed, so he can only write poems of fallen people and express his poor and melancholy sigh in vain on worms and fish. Isn't it worth lamenting that society only loves the ingenuity in his poems, but doesn't know that he will die of old age after long suffering? Yu Sheng has many poems, but he doesn't arrange them by himself.
His nephew Xie Jingchu was worried about too many lost works, so he selected his works from Luoyang to Xing Wu and compiled them into ten volumes. I used to like Yu Sheng's poems, and I'm afraid I can't get all of them. I'm glad that Xie can sort them out, so I preface them and keep them.
Since then, 15 years have passed. Yu Sheng died of illness in the capital. I have written an epitaph for him in tears, so I asked his family to get more than 1000 manuscripts, plus 677 particularly good ones, divided into 15 volumes. Ah, I have commented a lot on Yu Sheng's poems, so I won't go into details.
Preface to Ouyang Xiu of Luling.